526
Views
13
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Reviews

Management of cutaneous rosacea: emphasis on new medical therapies

, DO

Bibliography

  • Tan J, Berg M. Rosacea: current state of epidemiology. J Am Acad Dermatol 2013;69:S27-35
  • Crawford GH, Pelle MT, James WD. Rosacea I: etiology, pathogenesis, and subtype classification. J Am Acad Dermatol 2004;51:327-41
  • Spoendlin J, Voegel JJ, Jick SS, Meier CR. A study on the epidemiology of rosacea in the UK. Br J Dermatol 2012;167(3):598-605
  • Wilkin J, Dahl M, Detmar M, et al. Standardized classification system of rosacea: report of the National Rosacea Society Expert Committee on the classification and staging of rosacea. J Am Acad Dermatol 2002;46:584-7
  • Del Rosso JQ. Advances in understanding and managing rosacea: part 1 connecting the dots between pathophysiological mechanisms and common clinical features of rosacea with emphasis on vascular changes and and facial erythema. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 2012;5(3):16-25
  • Del Rosso JQ, Gallo RL, Tanghetti E, et al. An evaluation of potential correlation between pathophysiologic mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and management of rosacea. Cutis 2013;91(Suppl 3):1-8
  • Plewig G, Kligman AM. Rosacea. In: Plewig G, Kligman AM, editors. Acne and rosacea. 3rd edition. Springer-Verlag, Berlin; 1975. p. 438-45
  • Guzman-Sanchez DA, Ishiuji Y, Patel T, et al. Enhanced skin blood flow and sensitivity to noxious heat stimuli in papulopustular rosacea. J Am Acad Dermatol 2007;57:800-5
  • Rosina P, Zamperetti M, Giovannini A, et al. Videocapillaroscopic alterations in erythemato-telangiectatic rosacea. J Am Acad Dermatol 2006;54:100-4
  • Del Rosso JQ, Thiboutot D, Gallo R, et al. Consensus recommendations from the American Acne & Rosacea Society on the management of rosacea, part 1: a status report on the disease state, general measures, and adjunctive skin care. Cutis 2013;92:234-40
  • Dirschka T, Tronnier H, Fölster-Holst R. Epithelial barrier function and atopic diathesis in rosacea and perioral dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 2004;150:1136-41
  • Del Rosso JQ, Thiboutot D, Gallo R, et al. Consensus recommendations from the American Acne and Rosacea Society on the management of rosacea, part 5: a guide on the management of rosacea. Cutis 2014;93:134-8
  • Torok HM. Rosacea skin care. Cutis 2000;66(Suppl 4):14-16
  • Bamford JT. Rosacea: current thoughts on origin. Semin Cutan Med Surg 2001;20:199-206
  • Schwab VD, Sulk M, Seeliger S, et al. Neurovascular and neuroimmune aspects in the pathophysiology of rosacea. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc 2011;15:53-62
  • Yamasaki K, Gallo RL. The molecular pathology of rosacea. J Dermatol Sci 2009;55:77-81
  • Steinhoff M, Buddenkotte J, Aubert J, et al. Clinical, cellular, and molecular aspects in the pathophysiology of rosacea. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc 2011;15:2-11
  • Steinhoff M, Schauber J, Leyden JJ. New insights into rosacea pathophysiology: a review of recent findings. J Am Acad Dermatol 2013;69:S15-26
  • Casas C, Paul C, Lahfa M, et al. Quantification of Demodex folliculorum by PCR in rosacea and its relationship to skin innate immune activation. Exp Dermatol 2012;21:906-10
  • Forton FM. Papulopustular rosacea, skin immunity and Demodex: pityriasis folliculorum as a missing link. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2012;26:19-28
  • McAleer MA, Lacey N, Powell FC. The pathophysiology of rosacea. G Ital Dermatol Venereol 2009;144:663-71
  • Fleischer AB. Jr. Inflammation in rosacea and acne: implications for patient care. J Drugs Dermatol 2011;10:614-20
  • Yamasaki K, Kanada K, Macleod DT, et al. TLR2 expression is increased in rosacea and stimulates enhanced serine protease production by keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2011;131:688-97
  • Meyer-Hoffert U, Schröder JM. Epidermal proteases in the pathogenesis of rosacea. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc 2011;15:16-23
  • Sulk M, Seeliger S, Aubert J, et al. Distribution and expression of non-neuronal transient receptor potential (TRPV) ion channels in rosacea. J Invest Dermatol 2012;132:1253-62
  • Del Rosso JQ. Advances in understanding and managing rosacea: part 2. The central role, evaluation, and medical management of diffuse and persistent facial erythema of rosacea. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 2012;5:26-36
  • Yamasaki K, Di Nardo A, Bardan A, et al. Increased serine protease activity and cathelicidin promotes skin inflammation in rosacea. Nat Med 2007;13:975-80
  • Yamasaki K, Gallo RL. Rosacea as a disease of cathelicidins and skin innate immunity. J Invest Dermatol 2011;15:53-62
  • Layton A, Thiboutot D. Emerging therapies in rosacea. J Am Acad Dermatol 2013;69:S57-65
  • Korting HC, Schöllmann C. Tetracycline actions relevant to rosacea treatment. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2009;22:287-94
  • Kennedy Carney C, Cantrell W, Elewski BE. Rosacea: a review of current topical, systemic and light based therapies. G Ital Dermatol Venereol 2009;144:673-88
  • Odom R, Dahl M, Dover J, et al. Standard management options for rosacea, part 2: options according to rosacea subtype. Cutis 2009;84:97-104
  • Del Rosso JQ. Management of facial erythema of rosacea: what is the role of topical alpha-adrenergic receptor agonist therapy? J Am Acad Dermatol 2013;69:S44-56
  • Two A, Del Rosso JQ. Kallikrein 5-mediated inflammation in rosacea: clinically relevant correlations with acute and chronic manifestations in rosacea and how individual treatments may provide therapeutic benefit. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 2014;7:20-5
  • Tanghetti E, Del Rosso JQ, Thiboutot D, et al. Consensus recommendations from the American Acne & Rosacea Society on the management of rosacea, part 4: a status report on physical modalities and devices. Cutis 2014;93:71-6
  • van Zuuren EJ, Kramer SF, Carter BR, et al. Effective and evidence-based management strategies for rosacea: summary of a Cochrane systematic review. Br J Dermatol 2011;165:760-81
  • Del Rosso JQ, Thiboutot D, Gallo R, et al. Consensus recommendations from the American Acne & Rosacea Society on the management of rosacea, part 2: a status report on topical agents. Cutis 2013;92:277-84
  • Lazaridou E, Giannopoulou C, Fotiadou C, et al. The potential role of microorganisms in the development of rosacea. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2011;9:21-5
  • Pelle MT, Crawford GH, James WD. Rosacea II: therapy. J Am Acad Dermatol 2004;51:499-512
  • Schlesinger TE, Powell CR, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of low molecular weight hyaluronic acid sodium salt 0.2% cream in rosacea. J Drugs Dermatol 2013;12(6):664-7
  • Coda AB, Hata T, Miller J, et al. Cathelicidin, kallikrein 5, and serine protease activity is inhibited during treatment of rosacea with azelaic acid 15% gel. J Am Acad Dermatol 2013;69:570-7
  • Del Rosso JQ, Thiboutot D, Gallo R. Consensus recommendations from the American Acne & Rosacea Society on the management of rosacea, part 3: a status report on systemic therapies. Cutis 2014;93(1):18-28
  • Bakar O, Demirçay Z, Gürbüz O. Therapeutic potential of azithromycin in rosacea. Int J Dermatol 2004;43:151-4
  • Fernandez-Obregon A. Oral use of azithromycin for the treatment of acne rosacea. Arch Dermatol 2004;140:489-90
  • Kanada KN, Nakatsuji T, Gallo RL. Doxycycline indirectly inhibits proteolytic activation of tryptic kallikrein-related peptidases and activation of cathelicidin. J Invest Dermatol 2012;132:1435-42
  • Sapadin AN, Fleischmajer R. Tetracyclines: nonantibiotic properties and their clinical implications. J Am Acad Dermatol 2006;54:258-65
  • Del Rosso JQ. Update on rosacea pathogenesis and correlation with medical therapeutic agents. Cutis 2006;78:97-100
  • Del Rosso JQ. Anti-inflammatory dose doxycycline in the treatment of rosacea. J Drugs Dermatol 2009;8:664-8
  • Bikowski JB. Subantimicrobial dose doxycycline for acne and rosacea. Skinmed 2003;2:234-45
  • Del Rosso JQ, Webster GW, Jackson M, et al. Two randomized phase III clinical trials evaluating anti-inflammatory dose doxycycline (40-mg doxycycline, USP capsules) administered once daily for treatment of rosacea. J Am Acad Dermatol 2007;56:791-802
  • Preshaw PM, Novak MJ, Mellonig J, et al. Modified-release subantimicrobial dose doxycycline enhances scaling and root planing in subjects with periodontal disease. J Periodontol 2008;79:440-52
  • Skidmore R, Kovach R, Walker C, et al. Effects of subantimicrobial-dose doxycycline in the treatment of moderate acne. Arch Dermatol 2003;139:459-64
  • Park H, Del Rosso JQ. Use of oral isotretinoin in the management of rosacea. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 2011;4:54-61
  • Hieble JP. Subclassification and nomenclature of alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptors. Curr Top Med Chem 2007;7:129-34
  • Johnson JM, Kellogg DL. Local thermal control of human cutaneous circulation. J Appl Physiol 2010;109:1229-38
  • Kim JH, Oh YS, Ji JH, et al. Rosacea (erythematotelangiectatic type) effectively improved by topical xylometazoline. J Dermatol 2011;38:510-13
  • Fowler J, Jarratt M, Moore A, et al. Once-daily topical brimonidine tartrate gel 0.5% is a novel treatment of moderate to severe facial erythema of rosacea: results of two multicenter, randomized and vehicle-controlled studies. Br J Dermatol 2012;166(3):633-41
  • Shanler SD, Ondo AL. Successful treatment of erythema and flushing of rosacea using a topically applied selective alpha1-adrenergic receptor antagonist, oxymetazoline. Arch Dermatol 2007;143:1369-71
  • Benkali K, Leoni M, Rony F, et al. Comparative pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of brimonidine following ocular administration and dermal application of brimonidine tartrate ophthalmic solution and gel in subjects with moderate to severe facial erythema of rosacea. Br J Dermatol 2014; doi:10.1111/bjd.12881. [Epub ahead of print]
  • Fowler J Jr, Jackson M, Moore A, et al. Efficacy and safety of once-daily topical brimonidine tartrate gel 0.5% for the treatment of moderate to severe facial erythema of rosacea: results of two randomized, double-blind, and vehicle-controlled pivotal studies. J Drugs Dermatol 2013;12:650-6
  • Moore A, Kempers S, Murakawa G, et al. Long-term safety and efficacy of once-daily topical brimonidine tartrate gel 0.5% for the treatment of moderate to severe facial erythema of rosacea: results of a 1-year open-label study. J Drugs Dermatol 2014;13:56-61
  • Ilkovitch D, Pomerantz RG. Brimonidine effective but may lead to significant rebound erythema. J Am Acad Dermatol 2014;70(5):e109-10
  • Routt ET, Levitt JO. Rebound erythema and burning sensation from a new topical brimonidine tartrate gel 0.33%. J Am Acad Dermatol 2014;70:37-8
  • Dourmishev AL, Dourmishev LA, Schwartz RA. Ivermectin: pharmacology and application in dermatology. Int J Dermatol 2005;44:981-8
  • Forstinger C, Kittler H, Binder M. Treatment of rosacea-like demodicidosis with oral ivermectin and topical permethrin cream. J Am Acad Dermatol 1999;41:775-7
  • Salem DA, El-Shazly A, Nabih N, et al. Evaluation of the efficacy of oral ivermectin in comparison with ivermectin-metronidazole combined therapy in the treatment of ocular and skin lesions of Demodex folliculorum. Int J Infect Dis 2013;17:343-7
  • Stein L, Kircik L, Fowler J, et al. Efficacy and safety of ivermectin 1% cream in treatment of papulopustular rosacea: results of two randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled pivotal studies. J Drugs Dermatol 2014;13(3):316-23
  • Thiboutot D, Thieroff-Ekerdt R, Graupe K. Efficacy and safety of azelaic acid (15%) gel as a new treatment for papulopustular rosacea: results from two vehicle-controlled, randomized phase III studies. J Am Acad Dermatol 2003;48(6):836-45
  • McClellan KJ, Noble S. Topical metronidazole. A review of its use in rosacea. Am J Clin Dermatol 2000;1(3):191-9
  • Del Rosso JQ. Medical treatment of rosacea with emphasis on topical therapies. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2004;5(1):5-13
  • Bhatia ND, Del Rosso JQ. Optimal management of papulopustular rosacea: rationale for combination therapy. J Drugs Dermatol 2012;11(7):838-44
  • Del Rosso JQ, Bruce S, Jarratt M, et al. Efficacy of topical azelaic acid (AzA) gel 15% plus oral doxycycline 40 mg versus metronidazole gel 1% plus oral doxycycline 40 mg in mild-to-moderate papulopustular rosacea. J Drugs Dermatol 2010;9(6):607-13
  • Conde JF, Yelverton CB, Balkrishnan R, et al. Managing rosacea: a review of the use of metronidazole alone and in combination with oral antibiotics. J Drugs Dermatol 2007;6(5):495-8
  • Thiboutot DM, Fleischer AB Jr, Del Rosso JQ, et al. Azelaic acid 15% gel once daily versus twice daily in papulopustular rosacea. J Drugs Dermatol 2008;7(6):541-6
  • Wilkin JK. Oral thermal-induced flushing in erythematotelangiectatic rosacea. J Invest Dermatol 1981;76(1):15-18
  • Aroni K, Tsagroni E, Kavantzas N, et al. Arch Dermatol Res 2008;300(3):125-31
  • Helfrich YR, Varani J, Fisher GJ, et al. Poster presentation 093, society of investigative dermatology. Annual Meeting; 2012
  • Seeliger S, Buddenkotte J, Schmidt-Choudhury A, et al. Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide Am J Pathol. 2010;177(5):2563-75

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.