Bibliography
- Papers of special note have been highlighted as of special interest (•)to readrs.
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• Comprehensive review on current progress and medical needs in the field.
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- Pleyer U, Stübiger N. New pharmacotherapy options for noninfectious posterior uveitis. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2014;14:1783–1799.
• Comprehensive review on current progress and medical needs in the field.
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• Current status on intravitreal implant and inserts and its pros and cons.
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• Important long-term prospective comparison on intravitreal versus systemic steroid treatment.
- Nguyen QD, Hatef E, Kayen B, et al. A cross-sectional study of the current treatment patterns in noninfectious uveitis among specialists in the United States. Ophthalmology. 2011;118:184–190.
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- Lowder C, Belfort R Jr, Lightman S, et al. Ozurdex HURON Study Group: dexamethasone intravitreal implant for noninfectious intermediate or posterior uveitis. Arch Ophthalmol. 2011;129:545–553.
- Nguyen QD, Ibrahim MA, Watters A, et al. Ocular tolerability and efficacy of intravitreal and subconjunctival injections of sirolimus in patients with non-infectious uveitis: primary 6-month results of the SAVE Study. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect. 2013;3:32.
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- Rapamune (Sirolimus) Oral solution an Tablets, approval in 1999. Philadelphia (PA): Wyeth Pharmacentical Inc. ( Package insert).
- CYPHER (TM) Sirolimus-e Luting coronary stent on RAPTOR (TM). Approval in 2003, Bridge water (NJ): Cordis Corporation. ( Package insert).
- Powell JD, Pollizzi KN, Heikamp EB, et al. Regulation of immune responses by mTOR. Annu Rev Immunol. 2012;30:39–68.
• Comprehensive review on immune regulatory effects of sirolimus.
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- [ cited 2015 Aug 20]. http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/5040.
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• Basic data of sirolimus pharmacokinetics in an experimental setting
- Manzano R, Peyman G, Khan P, et al. Testing intravitreal toxicity of rapamycin in rabbit eyes. Arqiuvos Brasileiros De Oftalmologia. 2009;72:18–22.
- Dugel PU, Blumenkranz MS, Haller JA, et al. A randomized, dose-escalation study of subconjunctival and intravitreal injections of sirolimus in patients with diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology. 2012;119:124–131.
- Petrou PA, Cunningham D, Shimel K, et al. Intravitreal sirolimus for the treatment of geographic atrophy: results of a phase I/II clinical trial. Invest Ophth Vis Sci. 2015;56:330–338.
- Sen HN, Larson TA, Meleth AD, et al. Subconjunctival sirolimus for the treatment of chronic active anterior uveitis: results of a pilot trial. Am J Ophthalmol. 2012;153:1038–1042.
- Ibrahim MA, Sepah YJ, Watters A, et al. One-year outcomes of the SAVE Study: sirolimus as a therapeutic approach for uveitis. Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2015;4:4.
- Vigil EM, Sepah YJ, Watters AL, et al. Assesment of changes in quality of life among patients in the SAVE Study – sirolimus as therapeutic approach to uveitis: a randomized study to assess the safety and bioactivity of intravitreal and subconjunctival injections of sirolimus in patients with noninfectious uveitis. J Ophthalmic Inflamm. 2015;5:13.
- Merrill P, Nguyen QD, Clark WL, et al. The SAKURA Study, a Phase III, multicenter, randomized, double-masked, study of intravitreal injections of DE-109 for the treatment of active, noninfectious uveitis of the posterior segment: baseline ocular disease characteristics. Invest Ophth Vis Sci. 2014;55:109–09.
- Douglas LC, Yi NY, Davis JL, et al. Ocular toxicity and distribution of subconjunctival and intravitreal rapamycin in horses. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2008;31:511–516.
- Tomkins – Netzer O, Talat L, Bar A, et al. Long – term clinical outcome and causes of vision loss in patients with uveitis. Ophthalmology. 2014;121:2387–2392.
- Qian Y, Glaser T, Esterberg E, et al. Depression and visual functioning in patients with ocular inflammatory disease. Am J of Ophthalmol. 2012;153:370–78.e2.
- Pleyer U, Klamann M, Laurent TJ, et al. Fast and successful management of intraocular inflammation with a single intravitreal dexamethasone implant. Ophthalmologica. 2014; Nov 21. [Epub ahead of print].
- Shen BY, Punjabi OS, Lowder CY, et al. Early treatment response of fluocinolone (retisert) implantation in patients with uveitic macular edema: an optical coherence tomography study. Retina. 2013;33:873–877.
- Otsuka H, Kawano H, Sonoda S, et al. Particle-induced endophthalmitis: possible mechanisms of sterile endophthalmitis after intravitreal triamcinolone. Invest Ophth Vis Sci. 2013;54:1758–1766.
- Elsaid N, Somavarapu S, Jackson TL. Cholesterol-poly(ethylene) glycol nanocarriers for the transscleral delivery of sirolimus. Exp Eye Res. 2014;121:121–129.