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Editorial

Phosphate binders, past – present – future. A critical appraisal.

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Pages 297-300 | Received 20 Oct 2015, Accepted 08 Dec 2015, Published online: 13 Jan 2016

References

  • Papers of special note have been highlighted as either of interest (•) or of considerable interest
  • (••) to readers.
  • Hippocrates. Epidemics, second condition, Section XI, in epidemics. Kos island (Greece); p. 460.

•• Manuscript of considerable historical importance dated some two and a half thousand years ago. Among the very first comprehensive medical manuscripts that can be found in the history of medicine. It is freely available in Greek and in other modern languages

  • Cozzolino M, Urena-Torres P, Vervloet MG, et al. Is chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) really a syndrome? Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2014;29:1815–1820.

•• Manuscript of considerable importance, the concept of chronic kidney disease - mineral bone disease is carefully approached

  • Malindretos P, Sarafidis P, Lazaridis A, et al. A study of the association of higher parathormone levels with health-related quality of life in hemodialysis patients. Clin Nephrol. 2012;77:196–203.
  • Voormolen N, Noordzij M, Grootendorst DC, et al. High plasma phosphate as a risk factor for decline in renal function and mortality in pre-dialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007;22:2909–2916.
  • Yamada S, Tokumoto M, Tatsumoto N, et al. Phosphate overload directly induces systemic inflammation and malnutrition as well as vascular calcification in uremia. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2014;306:F1418–F1428.
  • Oliveira CM, Kubrusly M, Lima AT, et al. Correlation between nutritional markers and appetite self-assessments in hemodialysis patients. J Ren Nutr. 2015;25:301–307.

• Manuscript of importance approaching also nutritional status from patient’s perspective

  • Kovesdy CP. Malnutrition in dialysis patients-the need for intervention despite uncertain benefits. Semin Dial. 2015.
  • Toussaint N, Boddington J, Simmonds R, et al. Calcium phosphate metabolism and bone mineral density with nocturnal hemodialysis. Hemodial Int. 2006;10:280–286.

•• Manuscript of considerable importance, dealing with CKD-MBD in patients on nocturnal dialysis

• Manuscript of historical importance, among the pioneers to use aluminum in order to treat phosphate calculi

• Manuscript of historical importance, among the pioneers to observe hyperaluminaemia because of aluminum resins

  • Hercz G, Kraut JA, Andress DA, et al. Use of calcium carbonate as a phosphate binder in dialysis patients. Miner Electrolyte Metab. 1986;12:314–319.
  • Goodman WG, Goldin J, Kuizon BD, et al. Coronary-artery calcification in young adults with end-stage renal disease who are undergoing dialysis. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:1478–1483.

•• Manuscript of significant importance, revealing coronary artery calcification in young dialysis patients

  • Chertow GM, Burke SK, Lazarus JM, et al. Poly[allylamine hydrochloride] (RenaGel): a noncalcemic phosphate binder for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in chronic renal failure. Am J Kidney Dis. 1997;29:66–71.

• Manuscript of historical importance, the rise of sevelamer

  • Di IB, Bellasi A, Russo D. Mortality in kidney disease patients treated with phosphate binders: a randomized study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2012;7:487–493.
  • Tzanakis IP, Papadaki AN, Wei M, et al. Magnesium carbonate for phosphate control in patients on hemodialysis. A randomized controlled trial. Int Urol Nephrol. 2008;40:193–201.
  • Locatelli F, Dimkovic N, Spasovski G. Efficacy of colestilan in the treatment of hyperphosphataemia in renal disease patients. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2014;15:1475–1488.

•• Manuscript of considerable importance approaching colestilan treatment

  • Cozzolino M, Funk F, Rakov V, et al. Preclinical pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety of sucroferric oxyhydroxide. Curr Drug Metab. 2014;15:953–965.

•• Manuscript of considerable importance, a systematic approach of sucroferric oxyhydroxide

  • Negri AL, Urena Torres PA. Iron-based phosphate binders: do they offer advantages over currently available phosphate binders? Clin Kidney J. 2015;8:161–167.
  • Sabbagh Y, Schiavi SC. Role of NPT2b in health and chronic kidney disease. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2014;23:377–384.

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