Treatment of refractory and relapsed acute myelogenous leukemia

References

• Cancer facts and figures 2002. American Cancer Society New York, USA, 1–48 (2002).
   Google Scholar
• Rowe JM, Tallman MS. Intensifying induction therapy in acute myeloid leukemia: has a new standard of care emerged? Blood 90, 2121–2126 (1997)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keating MJ, Kantarjian H, Smith TL et al. Response to salvage therapy and survival after relapse in acute myelogenous leukemia.' Clin. Onca 7, 1071–1080 (1989).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheson BD, Cassileth PA, Head DR et aZ Report of the National Cancer Institute-sponsored workshop on the definitions of diagnosis and response in acute myeloid leukemia.' Clin. Oncol. 8, 813–819 (1990).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Estey E, Thall P, David C. Design and analysis of trials of salvage therapy in acute myelogenous leukemia. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 40(Suppl.) S9-12 (1997).
   Google Scholar
• Thomas ED, Buckner CD, Banaji Metal. One hundred patients with acute leukemia treated by chemotherapy, total body irradiation and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Blood 49, 511–533 (1977).
   Google Scholar
• Forman SJ, Schmidt GM, Nademanee AP et al. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation as therapy for primary induction failure for patients with acute leukemia.' Clin. Oncol. 9, 1570–1574 (1991).
   Google Scholar
• Mehta J, Powles R, Horton C et aZ Bone marrow transplantation for primary refractory acute leukaemia. Bone Marrow Transplant. 14, 415–418, (1994).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blume KG, Beutler E, Bross KJ et al. Bone- marrow ablation and allogeneic marrow transplantation in acute leukemia. N Engl. J. Med. 302, 1041–1046 (1980).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cliff RA, Buckner CD, Appelbaum FR et al Allogeneic marrow transplantation during untreated first relapse of acute myeloid leukemia.' Clin. Oncol 10, 1723–1729 (1992).
   Google Scholar
• Appelbaum FR, Clift RA, Buckner CD et al Allogeneic marrow transplantation for acute nonlymhoblastic leukemia after first relapse. Blood 61, 949–953 (1983).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clift RA, Buckner CD, Thomas ED et al. The treatment of acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia by allogeneic marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2,243–258 (1987).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schiller G, Feig SA, Territo M et al. Treatment of advanced acute leukaemia with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from unrelated donors. Br. Haematol 88,72–78 (1994).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sierra J, Stirrer B, Hansen JA et al. Transplantation of marrow cells from unrelated donors for treatment of high-risk acute leukemia: the effect of leukemia burden, donor HLA-matching and marrow cell dose. Blood 89,4226–4235 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Champlin R Chemotherapy based nonmyeloablative preparative regimens for allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation. In: Hematology 2001. Schechter GP (Exec. Ed.), American Society of Hematology, Washington, DC, USA 379–383 (2001).
   Google Scholar
• Bortin MM, Ringden O, Horowitz M et al Temporal relationships between the major complications of bone marrow transplantation for leukaemia. Bone Marrow Transplant. 4,339–344 (1989).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar L Leukemia: management of relapse after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.' Clin. Oncol 12,1710–1717 (1994).
   Google Scholar
• Bosi A, Laszlo D, Labopin Metal. Second allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in acute leukemia: results of a survey by the European Co-operative Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation.' Clin. Oncol 19,3675–3684 (2001).
   Google Scholar
• Frassoni F, Barrett AJ, Granena A et al. Relapse after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for acute leukaemia: a survey by the E.B.M.T. of 117 cases. Br. J Haematol 70,317–320 (1988).
   Google Scholar
• Locatelli E The role of repeat transplantation of haemopoietic stem cells and adoptive immunotherapy in treatment of leukaemia relapsing following allogeneic transplantation. Br.1 lirematol 102, 633–638 (1998).
   Google Scholar
• Porter DL, Collins RH, Hardy C et al. Treatment of relapsed leukemia after unrelated donor marrow transplantation with unrelated donor leukocyte infusions. Blood 95,1214–1221 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Radich JP, Sanders JE, Buckner CD et al. Second allogeneic marrow transplantation for patients with recurrent leukemia after initial transplant with total-body irradiation-containing regimens. J Clin. Oncol 11,304–313(1993).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mrsic M, Horowitz MM, Atkinson K et al. Second HLA-identical sibling transplants for leukemia recurrence. Bone Marrow Transplant. 9,269–275 (1992).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins RH, Shpilberg O, Drobyski WR et al. Donor leukocyte infusions in 140 patients with relapsed malignancy after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. J. Clin Oncol. 15, 443-444(1977).
   Google Scholar
• Kolb JH. Donor leukocyte transfusions for treatment of leukemic relapse after bone marrow transplantation. EBMT Immunology and Chronic Leukemia Working Parties. Vox Sang. 74,321–329 (1998).
   Google Scholar
• Porter DL, Collins RH, Jr., Hardy C et al Treatment of relapsed leukemia after unrelated donor marrow transplantation with unrelated donor leukocyte infusions. Blood 95,1214–1221 (2000).
   Google Scholar
• Gorin NC. Autologous stem cell transplantation in acute myelocytic leukemia. Blood 92,1073–1090 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petersen FB, Lynch MH, Clift RA et al. Autologous marrow transplantation for patients with acute myeloid leukemia in untreated first relapse or in second complete remission. J Clin. Oncolll, 1353–1360 (1993).
   Google Scholar
• Herzig RH, Lazarus HM, Wolff SN et al High-dose cytosine arabinoside therapy with and without anthracycline antibiotics for remission reinduction of acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia.' Clin. Oncol 3,992–997 (1985).
   Google Scholar
• Brown RA, Herzig RH, Wolff SN et al. High-dose etoposide and cyclophosphamide without bone marrow transplantation for resistant hematologic malignancy. Blood 76,473–479 (1990).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ho AD, Lipp T, Ehninger G et al Combination of mitoxantrone and etoposide in refractory acute myelogenous leukemia — an active and well-tolerated regimen. J. Clin. Oncol 6,213–217 (1988).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daenen S, Lowenberg B, Sonneveld P et al Efficacy of etoposide and mitoxantrone in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia refractory to standard induction therapy and intermediate-dose cytarabine with amsidine. Dutch Hematology-Oncology Working Group for Adults (HOVON). Leukemia 8, 6–10 (1994).
   Google Scholar
• Arnrein PC, Davis RB, Mayer RJ et al. Treatment of relapsed and refractory acute myeloid leukemia with diaziquone and mitoxantrone: a CALGB Phase I study. Am. Hematol 35,80–83 (1990).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hiddemann W, Kreutzmann H, Straif K et al High-dose cytosine arabinoside and mitoxantrone: a highly effective regimen in refractory acute myeloid leukemia. Blood 69,711 749 (1987).
   Google Scholar
• Archimbaud E, Thomas X, Leblond Vet al Timed sequential chemotherapy for previously treated patients with acute myeloid leukemia: long-term follow-up of the etoposide, mitoxantrone and cytarabine-86 trial." Clin. Oncol 13,11–18 (1995).
   Google Scholar
• Montillo M, Mirto S, Petti MC et al. Fludarabine, cytarabine and G-CSF (FLAG) for the treatment of poor risk acute myeloid leukemia. Am.j Hematol 58, 105–109 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson G, Taylor P, Smith GM et al A multicentre, open, non-comparative Phase II study of a combination of fludarabine phosphate, cytarabine and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in relapsed and refractory acute myeloid leukaemia and de novo refractory anaemia with excess of blasts in transformation. Br. J Haematol 112, 127–137 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cortes J, Estey E, Beran M et al. Cyclophosphamide, ara-C and topotecan (CAT) for patients with refractory or relapsed acute leukemia. Leuk. Lymphoma. 36,479–484 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vey N, Keating M, Giles F et al Effect of complete remission on survival in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia receiving first salvage therapy. Blood 93,3149–3150 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Appelbaum FR Introduction: emerging therapies for hematologic malignancies: antibodies, antisense and cytokine approaches. Semin. Hematol 36(4 Suppl. 6), 2–8 (1999).
   Google Scholar
• Sievers EL, Appelbaum FR, Spielberger RT et al Selective ablation of acute myeloid leukemia using antibody-targeted chemotherapy: a Phase I study of an antiCD33 calicheamicin immunoconjugate. Blood 93, 3678–3684 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sievers EL, Larson RA, Stadtmauer EA et al. Efficacy and safety of gemtuzumab ozogamicin in patients with CD33-positive acute myeloid leukemia in first relapse. J. Oncol 19, 3244–3254 (2001).
   Google Scholar
• Sievers EL, Larson RA, Estey E et al Update of prolonged disease-free survival in patients with acute myeloid leukemia in first relapse treated with gemtuzumab ozogamicin followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Proc. Am. Soc. Oncol 20, 302a, (2001) (Abstract 1204).
   Google Scholar
• Bross PF, Beitz J, Chen G, Chen XI-I et al. Approval summary: gemtuzumab ozogamicin in relapsed acute myeloid leukemia. Clin. Cancer: Res. 7, 1490–1496 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maslak P, Hegewish-Becker S, Godfrey L et al. Flow cytometry determination of the multi-drug resistant phenotype in acute leukemia. Cytometry 17, 84–93 (1994).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• List AF, Glinsmann-Gibson B. Multi-drug resistance and its pharmacologic modulation in acute leukemia. In: Accomplishments in Cancer Research. Fortnet G, Rhodes J (Eds.), JB Lippencott, Philadelphia, PA, USA, 178–183 (1991).
   Google Scholar
• List AF, Kopecky KJ, Willman CL et al. Benefit of cyclosporin modulation of drug resistance in patients with poor-risk acute myeloid leukemia: a Southwest Oncology Group study. Blood 98, 3212–3220 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tallman MS, Lee E, Sikic BL et al. Mitoxantrone, etoposide and cytarabine plus cyclosporin for patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia: an Eastern Co-operative Oncology Group pilot study. Cancer 85, 358–367 (1999)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu Yin JA, Wheatley K, Rees JK et al. Comparison of 'sequential' versus 'standard' chemotherapy as re-induction treatment, with or without cyclosporin, in refractory/ relapsed acute myeloid leukaemia (AML): results of the UK Medical Research Council A/VIL-R trial. Br. J. Haematol. 113, 713–726 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dorr R, Karanes C, Spier C, Grogan T et al. Phase I/II study of the P-glycoprotein modulator PSC 833 in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.' Clin. Oncol. 15, 1589–1599 (2001).
   Google Scholar
• Advani R, Saba I-II, Tallman MS et al Treatment of refractory and relapsed acute myelogenous leukemia with combination chemotherapy plus the multi-drug resistance modulator PSC 833 (Valspodar). Blood 93, 787–795 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenberg P, Advani R, Tallman M et alTreatment of refractory/relapsed AML with PSC-833 plus mitoxantrone, etoposide, cytarabine (PSGMEC) vs. MEC: randomized Phase III trial. (E2995). Blood 94\(Suppl. 1) 383a (1999) (Abstract).
   Google Scholar
• Cortes J, Estey E, O'Brien S et al High- dose liposomal daunorubicin and high-dose cytarabine combination in patients with refractory or relapsed acute myelogenous leukemia. Cancer 92, 7–14 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karp JE, Lancet JE, Kaufmann SH et al Clinical and biologic activity of the farnesyltransferase inhibitor R115// / inadults with refractory and relapsed acute leukemias: a Phase I clinical-laboratory correlative trial. Blood 97, 3361–3369 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giles FJ, Garcia-Manero G, Cortes JE et al. Phase II study of troxacitabine, a novel dioxolane nucleoside analog, in patients with refractory leukemia." Clin. Oncol 20, 656–664 (2002).
   Google Scholar
• Hussong JW, Rodgers GM, Shami PJ. Evidence of increased angiogenesis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Blood 95, 309–313 (2000).
   Google Scholar
• Steins MB, Padro T, Bieker R et al Efficacy and safety of thalidomide in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Blood 99, 834–839 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mesters RM, Padro T, Bieker R et al. Stable remission after administration of the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor 5U5416 in a patient with refractory acute myeloid leukemia. Blood 98, 241–243 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kantarjian HM, O'Brien SM, Estey E et al. Decitabine studies in chronic and acute myelogenous leukemia. Leukemia 1 1 (S 1), S35-36 (1997).
   Google Scholar
• Feldman E, Kalaycio M, Weiner G et al. Evaluation of humanized antiCD33 monoclonal antibody (HuM195) as a single agent in the treatment of relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia. J. Clin. Oncol. (2002) (Submitted).
   Google Scholar
• Kalaycio M. What is the curative potential of refractory leukemia with related and unrelated allogeneic transplants? In: Current Controversies in Bone Marrow Transplantation. Bolwell BJ (Ed.), Human Press, Inc., Totowa, NJ, USA, 107–117 (2000).
   Google Scholar