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Review

Progress and controversy surrounding vaccines against Lyme disease

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Pages 683-703 | Published online: 09 Jan 2014

References

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  • ••An excellent, authoritative general review of LD.
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  • •Good study of Bb antigenic modulation during tick feeding.
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  • ••.
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  • ••Important study of the mechanism ofimmunity to tick-transmitted Bb.
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  • •Documentation supporting the transmission-blocking mechanism of OspA immunity.
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  • •Thorough laboratory investigation of direct killing of Bb by antibodies.
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  • Lengl-Janssen B, Strauss AF, Steere AC, Kamradt T The T-helper cell response in Lyme arthritis: differential recognition of Borrelia burgdorferi outer surface protein A in patients with treatment-resistant or treatment-responsive Lyme arthritis. 'Exp. Med. 180,2069–2078 (1994).
  • Keane-Myers A, Nickell SP. T-cell subset-dependent modulation of immunity to Borrelia burgdorferi in mice. J. Immunol 154,1770–1776 (1995).
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  • Sears JE, Fikrig E, Nakagawa TY eta] Molecular mapping of Osp-A mediated immunity against Borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of LD. j Immunol 147, 1995–2000 (1991).
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  • Probert WS, LeFebvre RB. Protection of C3H/HeN mice from challenge with Borrelia burgdorferithrough active immunization with OspA, OspB, or OspC but not with OspD or the 83-kilodalton antigen. Infect. Immun 62, 1920-1926 (1994).
  • Rousselle JC, Canister SM, Schell RF eta]. Borreliacidal antibody production against outer surface protein C of Borrelia burgdorferi j Infect. Dis. 178, 733–741 (1998).
  • Zeidner N, Dreitz M, Belasco D, Fish D. Suppression of acute Ixodes scapularis-induced Borrelia burgdorferi infection using tumor necrosis factor-a, interleukin-2 and interferon-1. J. Infect. Dis. 173,187-95 (1996).
  • Barthold SW de Souza M. Exacerbation of Lyme arthritis in beige mice. J. Infect. Dis. 172, 778–784 (1995).
  • Fikrig E, Barthold SW Kantor FS, Flavell RA. Protection of mice from Lyme borreliosis by oral vaccination with Escherichia coli expressing OspA. J. Infect. Dir. 164, 1224–1227 (1991).
  • Fikrig E, Barthold SW Persing DH, Sun X, Kantor Kantor F, Flavell RA. Borrelia burgdorferi strain 25015, characterization of outer surface protein A and vaccination against infection. Immund 148, 2256–2260 (1992).
  • Fikrig E, Barthold SW Kantor FS, Flavell RA. Long-term protection of mice from LD by vaccination with OspA. Infect. Immun. 60, 773–777 (1992).
  • Fikrig E, Barthold SW Marcantonio Deponte, N. K, Kantor Kantor F, Flavell RA. Roles of OspA, OspB and flagellin in protectiveimmunity to Lyme borreliosis in laboratory mice. Infect. Immun. 60, 657–661 (1992).
  • Erclile LF, Brandt MA, Warakomski DJ etal. Role of attached lipid in immunogenicity of Borrelia burgdorferi OspA. Infect. Immun. 61, 81–90 (1993).
  • Steere AC, Sikand VK, Meurice F eta]. Vaccination against LD with recombinant Borrelia burgdorferi Outer-surface lipoprotein A with adjuvant. N Engl. J. Med 339, 209–215 (1998).
  • •Pivotal trial of human LD vaccine LYMErix.
  • Sigal LH, Zahradnik JM, Lavin P etal. A vaccine consisting of recombinant Borrelia burgdorferi outer-surface protein A to prevent LD. N &ig1j Med. 339, 216–222 (1998).
  • •Pivotal trial of human LD vaccine ImuLyme.
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  • Coughlin RI; Fish D, Mather TN, Ma J, Pavia C, Bulger P Protection of dogs from LD with a vaccine containing outer surface protein (Osp) A, OspB and the saponin adjuvant Q521. Infect. Dis. 171, 1049–1052 (1995).
  • Ma J, Bulger PA, Davis DR etal. Impact of the saponin adjuvant QS-21 and aluminium hydroxide on the immunogenicity of recombinant OspA and OspB of Borrelia burgdorferi. Vaccine 12, 925–932 (1994).
  • Philipp MT, Lobet Y, Bohm RP Jr eta] The outer surface protein A (OspA) vaccine against LD: efficacy in the rhesus monkey. Vaccine 15, 1872–1887 (1997).
  • Schoen RT, Reimann J, Fikrig E. Safety and immunogenicity of an outer surface protein A vaccine in subjects with previous LD.J. Infect Dis. 172, 1324–1329 (1995).
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