Inflammatory bowel disease in women of reproductive age

References

• Laharie D, Debeugny S, Peeters M, et al. Inflammatory bowel disease in spouses and their offspring. Gastroenterology 2001;120:816-19
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malmborg P, Bahmanyar S, Grahnquist L, et al. Cesarean section and the risk of pediatric Crohn’s disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2012;18:703-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bager P, Simonsen J, Nielsen NM, Frisch M. Cesarean section and offspring’s risk of inflammatory bowel disease: a national cohort study. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2012;18:857-62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mountifield R, Bampton P, Prosser R, et al. Fear and fertility in inflammatory bowel disease: a mismatch of perception and reality affects family planning decisions. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2009;15:720-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ording Olsen K, Juul S, Berndtsson I, et al. Ulcerative colitis: female fecundity before diagnosis, during disease, and after surgery compared with a population sample. Gastroenterology 2002;122:15-19
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olsen KO, Joelsson M, Laurberg S, Oresland T. Fertility after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis in women with ulcerative colitis. Br J Surg 1999;86:493-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartels SA, D’Hoore A, Cuesta MA, et al. Significantly increased pregnancy rates after laparoscopic restorative proctocolectomy: a cross-sectional study. Ann Surg 2012;256:1045-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Morain C, Smethurst P, Dore CJ, Levi AJ. Reversible male infertility due to sulphasalazine: studies in man and rat. Gut 1984;25:1078-84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• French AE, Koren G. Effect of methotrexate on male fertility. Can Fam Physician 2003;49:577-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Villiger PM, Caliezi G, Cottin V, et al. Effects of TNF antagonists on sperm characteristics in patients with spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2010;69:1842-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tiainen J, Matikainen M, Hiltunen KM. Ileal J-pouch – anal anastomosis, sexual dysfunction, and fertility. Scand J Gastroenterol 1999;34:185-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cornish J, Tan E, Teare J, et al. A meta-analysis on the influence of inflammatory bowel disease on pregnancy. Gut 2007;56:830-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baiocco PJ, Korelitz BI. The influence of inflammatory bowel disease and its treatment on pregnancy and fetal outcome. J Clin Gastroenterol 1984;6:211-16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bortoli A, Pedersen N, Duricova D, et al. Pregnancy outcome in inflammatory bowel disease: prospective European case-control ECCO-EpiCom study, 2003-2006. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011;34:724-34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahadevan U, Sandborn WJ, Li DK, et al. Pregnancy outcomes in women with inflammatory bowel disease: a large community-based study from Northern California. Gastroenterology 2007;133:1106-12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stephansson O, Larsson H, Pedersen L, et al. Congenital abnormalities and other birth outcomes in children born to women with ulcerative colitis in Denmark and Sweden. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2011;17:795-801
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stephansson O, Larsson H, Pedersen L, et al. Crohn’s disease is a risk factor for preterm birth. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010;8:509-15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Molnár T, Farkas K, Nagy F, et al. Pregnancy outcome in patients with inflammatory bowel disease according to the activity of the disease and the medical treatment: a case-control study. Scand J Gastroenterol 2010;45:1302-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pedersen N, Bortoli A, Duricova D, et al. The course of inflammatory bowel disease during pregnancy and postpartum: a prospective European ECCO-EpiCom Study of 209 pregnant women. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2013;38:501-12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kane S, Lemieux N. The role of breastfeeding in postpartum disease activity in women with inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2005;100:102-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mogadam M, Korelitz BI, Ahmed SW, et al. The course of inflammatory bowel disease during pregnancy and postpartum. Am J Gastroenterol 1981;75:265-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Santis M, Straface G, Cavaliere AF, et al. Gadolinium periconceptional exposure: pregnancy and neonatal outcome. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2007;86:99-101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cappell MS, Colon VJ, Sidhom O. A. A study at 10 medical centers of the safety and efficacy of 48 flexible sigmoidoscopies and 8 colonoscopies during pregnancy with follow-up of fetal outcome and with comparison to control groups. Dig Dis Sci 1996;41:2353-61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ilnyckyji A, Blanchard JF, Rawsthorne P, Bernstein CN. Perianal Crohn’s disease and pregnancy: role of the mode of delivery. Am J Gastroenterol 1999;94:3274-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ravid A, Richard CS, Spencer LM, et al. Pregnancy, delivery, and pouch function after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis. Dis Colon Rectum 2002;45:1283-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moffatt DC, Ilnyckyj A, Bernstein CN. A population-based study of breastfeeding in inflammatory bowel disease: initiation, duration, and effect on disease in the postpartum period. Am J Gastroenterol 2009;104:2517-23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flechner SM, Katz AR, Rogers AJ, et al. The presence of cyclosporine in body tissues and fluids during pregnancy. Am J Kidney Dis 1985;5:60-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johns DG, Rutherford LD, Leighton PC, Vogel CL. Secretion of methotrexate into human milk. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1972;112:978-80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Julsgaard M, Norgaard M, Hvas CL, et al. Self-reported adherence to medical treatment prior to and during pregnancy among women with ulcerative colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2011;17:1573-80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holubar SD, Cima RR, Sandborn WJ, Pardi DS. Treatment and prevention of pouchitis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for chronic ulcerative colitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010(6):CD001176
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rutgeerts P, Hiele M, Geboes K, et al. Controlled trial of metronidazole treatment for prevention of Crohn’s recurrence after ileal resection. Gastroenterology 1995;108:1617-21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koss CA, Baras DC, Lane SD, et al. Investigation of metronidazole use during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012;56:4800-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loebstein R, Addis A, Ho E, et al. Pregnancy outcome following gestational exposure to fluoroquinolones: a multicenter prospective controlled study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998;42:1336-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bar-Oz B, Moretti ME, Boskovic R, et al. The safety of quinolones – a meta-analysis of pregnancy outcomes. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2009;143:75-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Isaacs KL, Sandler RS, Abreu M, et al. Rifaximin for the treatment of active pouchitis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2007;13:1250-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prantera C, Lochs H, Grimaldi M, Retic Study Group (Rifaximin-Eir Treatment in Crohn’s Disease). Rifaximin-extended intestinal release induces remission in patients with moderately active Crohn’s disease. Gastroenterology 2012;142:473-81. e474
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allen SJ, Jordan S, Storey M, et al. Dietary supplementation with lactobacilli and bifidobacteria is well tolerated and not associated with adverse events during late pregnancy and early infancy. J Nutr 2010;140:483-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dugoua JJ, Machado M, Zhu X, et al. Probiotic safety in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Saccharomyces spp. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2009;31:542-52
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Huurre A, Laitinen K, Rautava S, et al. Impact of maternal atopy and probiotic supplementation during pregnancy on infant sensitization: a double-blind placebo-controlled study. Clin Exp Allergy 2008;38:1342-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kukkonen K, Savilahti E, Haahtela T, et al. Long-term safety and impact on infection rates of postnatal probiotic and prebiotic (synbiotic) treatment: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Pediatrics 2008;122:8-12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abrahamsson TR, Sinkiewicz G, Jakobsson T, et al. Probiotic lactobacilli in breast milk and infant stool in relation to oral intake during the first year of life. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2009;49:349-54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diav-Citrin O, Park YH, Veerasuntharam G, et al. The safety of mesalamine in human pregnancy: a prospective controlled cohort study. Gastroenterology 1998;114:23-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hernandez-Diaz S, Mitchell AA, Kelley KE, et al. Medications as a potential source of exposure to phthalates in the U.S. population. Environ Health Perspect 2009;117:185-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baggott JE, Morgan SL, Ha T, et al. Inhibition of folate-dependent enzymes by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Biochem J 1992;282(Pt 1):197-202
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mahadevan U, Kane S. American gastroenterological association institute technical review on the use of gastrointestinal medications in pregnancy. Gastroenterology 2006;131:283-311
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahimi R, Nikfar S, Rezaie A, Abdollahi M. Pregnancy outcome in women with inflammatory bowel disease following exposure to 5-aminosalicylic acid drugs: a meta-analysis. Reprod Toxicol 2008;25:271-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klotz U, Harings-Kaim A. Negligible excretion of 5-aminosalicylic acid in breast milk. Lancet 1993;342:618-19
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carmichael SL, Shaw GM. Maternal corticosteroid use and risk of selected congenital anomalies. Am J Med Genet 1999;86:242-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park-Wyllie L, Mazzotta P, Pastuszak A, et al. Birth defects after maternal exposure to corticosteroids: prospective cohort study and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. Teratology 2000;62:385-92
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gur C, Diav-Citrin O, Shechtman S, et al. Pregnancy outcome after first trimester exposure to corticosteroids: a prospective controlled study. Reprod Toxicol 2004;18:93-101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hviid A, Molgaard-Nielsen D. Corticosteroid use during pregnancy and risk of orofacial clefts. CMAJ 2011;183:796-804
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ostensen M, Forger F. Management of RA medications in pregnant patients. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2009;5:382-90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tegethoff M, Pryce C, Meinlschmidt G. Effects of intrauterine exposure to synthetic glucocorticoids on fetal, newborn, and infant hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in humans: a systematic review. Endocr Rev 2009;30:753-89
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norgard BM. Birth outcome in women with ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, and pharmacoepidemiological aspects of anti-inflammatory drug therapy. Dan Med Bull 2011;58:B4360
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Beaulieu DB, Ananthakrishnan AN, Issa M, et al. Budesonide induction and maintenance therapy for Crohn’s disease during pregnancy. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2009;15:25-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beitins IZ, Bayard F, Ances IG, et al. The transplacental passage of prednisone and prednisolone in pregnancy near term. J Pediatr 1972;81:936-45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matalon ST, Ornoy A, Lishner M. Review of the potential effects of three commonly used antineoplastic and immunosuppressive drugs (cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, doxorubicin on the embryo and placenta). Reprod Toxicol 2004;18:219-30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polifka JE, Friedman JM. Teratogen update: azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine. Teratology 2002;65:240-61
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cleary BJ, Kallen B. Early pregnancy azathioprine use and pregnancy outcomes. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 2009;85:647-54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norgard B, Pedersen L, Fonager K, et al. Azathioprine, mercaptopurine and birth outcome: a population-based cohort study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003;17:827-34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akbari M, Shah S, Velayos FS, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of thiopurines on birth outcomes from female and male patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2013;19:15-22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hutson JR, Matlow JN, Moretti ME, Koren G. The fetal safety of thiopurines for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease in pregnancy. J Obstet Gynaecol 2013;33:1-8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Coelho J, Beaugerie L, Colombel JF, et al. Pregnancy outcome in patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with thiopurines: cohort from the CESAME Study. Gut 2011;60:198-203
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casanova MJ, Chaparro M, Domènech E, et al. Safety of thiopurines and anti-TNF-alpha drugs during pregnancy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2013;108:433-40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahadevan U, Martin CF, Sandler RS, et al. 865 PIANO: A 1000 patient prospective registry of pregnancy outcomes in women with IBD exposed to immunomodulators and biologic therapy. Gastroenterology 2012;142:S-149
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langagergaard V, Pedersen L, Gislum M, et al. Birth outcome in women treated with azathioprine or mercaptopurine during pregnancy: a Danish nationwide cohort study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2007;25:73-81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teruel C, López-San Román A, Bermejo F, et al. Outcomes of pregnancies fathered by inflammatory bowel disease patients exposed to thiopurines. Am J Gastroenterol 2010;105:2003-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoeltzenbein M, Weber-Schoendorfer C, Borisch C, et al. Pregnancy outcome after paternal exposure to azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine. Reprod Toxicol 2012;34:364-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christensen LA, Dahlerup JF, Nielsen MJ, et al. Azathioprine treatment during lactation. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2008;28:1209-13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Angelberger S, Reinisch W, Messerschmidt A, et al. Long-term follow-up of babies exposed to azathioprine in utero and via breastfeeding. J Crohns Colitis 2011;5:95-100
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lloyd ME, Carr M, McElhatton P, et al. The effects of methotrexate on pregnancy, fertility and lactation. QJM 1999;92:551-63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinez Lopez JA, Loza E, Carmona L. Systematic review on the safety of methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis regarding the reproductive system (fertility, pregnancy, and breastfeeding). Clin Exp Rheumatol 2009;27:678-84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lichtiger S, Present DH, Kornbluth A, et al. Cyclosporine in severe ulcerative colitis refractory to steroid therapy. N Engl J Med 1994;330:1841-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bar Oz B, Hackman R, Einarson T, Koren G. Pregnancy outcome after cyclosporine therapy during pregnancy: a meta-analysis. Transplantation 2001;71:1051-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Branche J, Cortot A, Bourreille A, et al. Cyclosporine treatment of steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis during pregnancy. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2009;15:1044-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandborn WJ, Present DH, Isaacs KL, et al. Tacrolimus for the treatment of fistulas in patients with Crohn’s disease: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Gastroenterology 2003;125:380-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng S, Easterling TR, Umans JG, et al. Pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus during pregnancy. Ther Drug Monit 2012;34:660-70
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kainz A, Harabacz I, Cowlrick IS, et al. Analysis of 100 pregnancy outcomes in women treated systemically with tacrolimus. Transpl Int 2000;13(Suppl 1):S299-300
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jain AB, Reyes J, Marcos A, et al. Pregnancy after liver transplantation with tacrolimus immunosuppression: a single center’s experience update at 13 years. Transplantation 2003;76:827-32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumgart DC, Sturm A, Wiedenmann B, Dignass AU. Uneventful pregnancy and neonatal outcome with tacrolimus in refractory ulcerative colitis. Gut 2005;54:1822-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• French AE, Soldin SJ, Soldin OP, Koren G. Milk transfer and neonatal safety of tacrolimus. Ann Pharmacother 2003;37:815-18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kane S. Anti-tumor necrosis factor agents and placental transfer: relevant clinical data for rational decision-making. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;11:293-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arsenescu R, Arsenescu V, de Villiers WJ. TNF-alpha and the development of the neonatal immune system: implications for inhibitor use in pregnancy. Am J Gastroenterol 2011;106:559-62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin PL, Oneda S, Treacy G. Effects of an anti-TNF-alpha monoclonal antibody, administered throughout pregnancy and lactation, on the development of the macaque immune system. Am J Reprod Immunol 2007;58:138-49
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lichtenstein GR, Feagan BG, Cohen RD, et al. Serious infection and mortality in patients with Crohn’s disease: more than 5 years of follow-up in the TREAT registry. Am J Gastroenterol 2012;107:1409-22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jürgens M, Brand S, Filik L, et al. Safety of adalimumab in Crohn’s disease during pregnancy: case report and review of the literature. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2010;16:1634-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheent K, Nolan J, Shariq S, et al. Case Report: fatal case of disseminated BCG infection in an infant born to a mother taking infliximab for Crohn’s disease. J Crohns Colitis 2010;4:603-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zelinkova Z, van der Ent C, Bruin KF, Dutch Delta IBD Group. Effects of discontinuing anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy during pregnancy on the course of inflammatory bowel disease and neonatal exposure. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;11:318-21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ben-Horin S, Yavzori M, Katz L, et al. Adalimumab level in breast milk of a nursing mother. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010;8:475-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ben-Horin S, Yavzori M, Kopylov U, et al. Detection of infliximab in breast milk of nursing mothers with inflammatory bowel disease. J Crohns Colitis 2011;5:555-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wakefield I, Stephens S, Foulkes R, et al. The use of surrogate antibodies to evaluate the developmental and reproductive toxicity potential of an anti-TNFalpha PEGylated Fab’ monoclonal antibody. Toxicol Sci 2011;122:170-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hellwig K, Haghikia A, Gold R. Pregnancy and natalizumab: results of an observational study in 35 accidental pregnancies during natalizumab treatment. Mult Scler 2011;17:958-63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar