What does the pharmacological future of treating chronic hepatitis C look like?

References

• Mohd Hanafiah K, Groeger J, Flaxman AD, Wiersma ST. Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection: New estimates of age-specific antibody to HCV seroprevalence. Hepatology 2013;57(4):1333-42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith BD, Morgan RL, Beckett GA, et al. Recommendations for the identification of chronic hepatitis C virus infection among persons born during 1945-1965. MMWR Recomm Rep 2012;61(RR-4):1-32
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Armstrong GL, Wasley A, Simard EP, et al. The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the united states, 1999 through 2002. Ann Intern Med 2006;144(10):705-14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim WR. The burden of hepatitis C in the United States. Hepatology 2002;36(5 Suppl 1):S30-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis GL, Alter MJ, El-Serag H, et al. Aging of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected persons in the United States: A multiple cohort model of HCV prevalence and disease progression. Gastroenterology 2010;138(2):513-21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gane EJ, Stedman CA, Hyland RH, et al. Nucleotide polymerase inhibitor sofosbuvir plus ribavirin for hepatitis C. N Engl J Med 2013;368(1):34-44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Afdhal N, Zeuzem S, Kwo P, et al. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir for untreated HCV genotype 1 infection. N Engl J Med 2014;370(20):1889-98
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osinusi A, Meissner EG, Lee YJ, et al. Sofosbuvir and ribavirin for hepatitis C genotype 1 in patients with unfavorable treatment characteristics: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2013;310(8):804-11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawitz E, Sulkowski MS, Ghalib R, et al. Simeprevir plus sofosbuvir, with or without ribavirin, to treat chronic infection with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 in non-responders to pegylated interferon and ribavirin and treatment-naive patients: The COSMOS randomised study. Lancet 2014;384(9956):1756-65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawitz E, Mangia A, Wyles D, et al. Sofosbuvir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C infection. N Engl J Med 2013;368(20):1878-87
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawitz E, Poordad FF, Pang PS, et al. Sofosbuvir and ledipasvir fixed-dose combination with and without ribavirin in treatment-naive and previously treated patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C virus infection (LONESTAR): An open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial. Lancet 2014;383(9916):515-23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sulkowski MS, Gardiner DF, Rodriguez-Torres M, et al. Daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir for previously treated or untreated chronic HCV infection. N Engl J Med 2014;370(3):211-21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pawlotsky JM. NS5A inhibitors in the treatment of hepatitis C. J Hepatol 2013;59(2):375-82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGivern DR, Masaki T, Ping L, et al. Kinetic analysis of antiviral suppression by NS5A inhibitors reveal early and potent inhibition of viral assembly and release of infectious virus. Hepatology 2013;58:246a
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lahser F, Liu R, Bystol K, et al. A combination containing MK-5172(HCV NS3 protease inhibitor) and MK-8742(HCV NS5A inhibitor) demostrates high barrier to resistance in HCV replicons. Hepatology 2012;56:236a
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stirnimann G. Ombitasvir (ABT-267), a novel NS5A inhibitor for the treatment of hepatitis C. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2014;15(17):2609-22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gentile I, Buonomo AR, Borgia G. Ombitasvir: A potent pan-genotypic inhibitor of NS5A for the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2014;12(9):1033-43
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haudecoeur R, Peuchmaur M, Ahmed-Belkacem A, et al. Structure-activity relationships in the development of allosteric hepatitis C virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors: Ten years of research. Med Res Rev 2013;33(5):934-84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobson IM, Gordon SC, Kowdley KV, et al. Sofosbuvir for hepatitis C genotype 2 or 3 in patients without treatment options. N Engl J Med 2013;368(20):1867-77
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeuzem S, Dusheiko GM, Salupere R, et al. Sofosbuvir and ribavirin in HCV genotypes 2 and 3. N Engl J Med 2014;370(21):1993-2001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AASLD/IDSA/IAS–USA. Recommendations for testing, managing, and treating hepatitis C. Available from: www.hcvguidelines.org [Last accessed 17 April 2015]
   Google Scholar
• Gilead Sciences. Harvoni. [ package information] 2015
   Google Scholar
• Kowdley KV, Gordon SC, Reddy KR, et al. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir for 8 or 12 weeks for chronic HCV without cirrhosis. N Engl J Med 2014;370(20):1879-88
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Afdhal N, Reddy KR, Nelson DR, et al. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir for previously treated HCV genotype 1 infection. N Engl J Med 2014;370(16):1483-93
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osinusi A, Kohli A, Marti MM, et al. Re-treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection after relapse: An open-label pilot study. Ann Intern Med 2014;161(9):634-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wyles DL, Pockros PJ, Yang JC. Retreatment of patients who failed prior sofosubvir-based regimens with all oral fixed-dose combination ledipasvir/sofosbuvir plus ribavirin for 12 weeks. 65th Annual meeting of the american association for the study of liver diseases. Boston, MA 2014. 60:317A
   Google Scholar
• Abbvie. Viekira. [ package information] 2015
   Google Scholar
• Hezode C, Asselah T, Reddy KR, et al. Ombitasvir plus paritaprevir plus ritonavir with or without ribavirin in treatment-naive and treatment-experienced patients with genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C virus infection (PEARL-I): A randomised, open-label trial. Lancet 2015;385(9986):2502-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andreone P, Colombo MG, Enejosa JV, et al. ABT-450, ritonavir, ombitasvir, and dasabuvir achieves 97% and 100% sustained virologic response with or without ribavirin in treatment-experienced patients with HCV genotype 1b infection. Gastroenterology 2014;147(2):359-65.e1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferenci P, Bernstein D, Lalezari J, et al. ABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with or without ribavirin for HCV. N Engl J Med 2014;370(21):1983-92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feld JJ, Kowdley KV, Coakley E, et al. Treatment of HCV with ABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with ribavirin. N Engl J Med 2014;370(17):1594-603
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeuzem S, Jacobson IM, Baykal T, et al. Retreatment of HCV with ABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with ribavirin. N Engl J Med 2014;370(17):1604-14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sulkowski MS, Eron JJ, Wyles D, et al. Ombitasvir, paritaprevir co-dosed with ritonavir, dasabuvir, and ribavirin for hepatitis C in patients co-infected with HIV-1: A randomized trial. JAMA 2015;313(12):1223-31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poordad F, Hezode C, Trinh R, et al. ABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with ribavirin for hepatitis C with cirrhosis. N Engl J Med 2014;370(21):1973-82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sherman KE, O’Brien J, Gutierrez AG, et al. Quantitative evaluation of hepatitis C virus RNA in patients with concurrent human immunodeficiency virus infections. J Clin Microbiol 1993;31(10):2679-82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonacini M, Govindarajan S, Blatt LM, et al. Patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus demonstrate higher levels of hepatic HCV RNA. J Viral Hepat 1999;6(3):203-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas DL, Astemborski J, Vlahov D, et al. Determinants of the quantity of hepatitis C virus RNA. J Infect Dis 2000;181(3):844-51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graham CS, Baden LR, Yu E, et al. Influence of human immunodeficiency virus infection on the course of hepatitis C virus infection: A meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis 2001;33(4):562-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Branch AD, Van Natta ML, Vachon ML, et al. Mortality in hepatitis C virus-infected patients with a diagnosis of AIDS in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2012;55(1):137-44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sulkowski MS, Naggie S, Lalezari J, et al. Sofosbuvir and ribavirin for hepatitis C in patients with HIV coinfection. JAMA 2014;312(4):353-61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Molina JM, Orkin C, Iser DM, et al. Sofosbuvir plus ribavirin for treatment of hepatitis C virus in patients co-infected with HIV (PHOTON-2): A multicentre, open-label, non-randomised, phase 3 study. Lancet 2015;385(9973):1098-106
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osinusi A, Townsend K, Kohli A, et al. Virologic response following combined ledipasvir and sofosbuvir administration in patients with HCV genotype 1 and HIV co-infection. JAMA 2015;313(12):1232-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naggie S, Cooper C, Saag M, et al. Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir for 12 weeks in patients coinfected with HCV and HIV-1. European association for the study of the liver 50th International liver congress, Vienna, Austria, 2015
   Google Scholar
• Wyles DL, Ruane PJ, Sulkowski MS, et al. Daclatasvir in combination with sofosbuvir for HIV/HCV coinfection: ALLY-2 study. Conference on retroviruses and opportunistic infections. Seattle, WA, 2015
   Google Scholar
• Rockstroh J, Nelson M, Katlama C, et al. Efficacy and safety of grazoprevir (MK-5172) and elbasvir (MK-8742) in patients with hepatitis C virus and HIV co-infection (C-EDGE CO-INFECTION): a non-randomised, open-label trial. Lancet 2015;385(9973):1087-97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• European association for the study of the liver. EASL recommendations on treatment of hepatitis C 2015. J Hepatol 2015;63(1):199-236
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gandhi Y, Adamczyk R, Wang R, et al. Assessment of drug-drug interactions between daclatasvir and darunavir/ritonavir or lopinavir/ritonavir. 16th International workshop on clinical pharmacology of HIV. Washington, DC, 2015
   Google Scholar
• Kumada H, Chayama K, Rodrigues LJr, et al. Randomized Phase III trial of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir for HCV genotype 1b-infected japanese patients with or without cirrhosis. Hepatology 2015. [Epub ahead of print]
   Google Scholar
• Hezode C, Marcellin P, Pol S, et al. Results from the phase 2 PEARL-I study: Interferon-free regimens of ABT-450/r+ ABT-267 with or without ribavirin in patients with HCV genotype 4 infection. 49th Annual meeting of the european association for the study of the liver. London, UK, 2014
   Google Scholar
• Lawitz E, Gane E, Pearlman B, et al. Efficacy and safety of 12 weeks versus 18 weeks of treatment with grazoprevir (MK-5172) and elbasvir (MK-8742) with or without ribavirin for hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection in previously untreated patients with cirrhosis and patients with previous null response with or without cirrhosis (C-WORTHY): A randomised, open-label phase 2 trial. Lancet 2015;385(9973):1075-86
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sulkowski M, Hezode C, Gerstoft J, et al. Efficacy and safety of 8 weeks versus 12 weeks of treatment with grazoprevir (MK-5172) and elbasvir (MK-8742) with or without ribavirin in patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 mono-infection and HIV/hepatitis C virus co-infection (C-WORTHY): A randomised, open-label phase 2 trial. Lancet 2015;385(9973):1087-97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwo P, Gane E, Peng CY, et al. Efficacy and safety of grazoprevir/elbasvir +/- RBV for 12 or 16 weeks in patients with HCV G1, G4, or G6 infection who previously failed peginterferon/RBV: C-EDGE treatment-experienced. European association for the study of the liver 50th International liver congress, Vienna, Austria, 2015. 148(4):S-1194
   Google Scholar
• Brown A, Hezode C, Zuckerman E, et al. C-SCAPE: Efficacy and safety of 12 weeks of grazoprevir +/- elbasvir +/- ribavirin in patients with HCV GT2, 4, 5, or 6 infection. European association for the study of the liver 50th International liver congress. Vienna, Austria, 2015;62:S619
   Google Scholar
• Hassanein T, Sims KD, Bennett M, et al. A randomized trial of daclatasvir in combination with asunaprevir and beclabuvir in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 4 infection. J Hepatol 2015;62(5):1204-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Everson GT, Sims KD, Rodriguez-Torres M, et al. Efficacy of an interferon- and ribavirin-free regimen of daclatasvir, asunaprevir, and BMS-791325 in treatment-naive patients with HCV genotype 1 infection. Gastroenterology 2014;146(2):420-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muir AJ, Poordad F, Lalezari J, et al. All-oral fixed-dose combination therapy with daclatasvir/asunaprevir/beclabuvir, plus or minus ribavirin. for patients with chronic HCV genotype 1 infection and compensated cirrhosis: UNITY-2 phase 3 SVR12 results 2014;60:1267A
   Google Scholar
• Kohli A, Osinusi A, Sims Z, et al. Virological response after 6 week triple-drug regimens for hepatitis C: A proof-of-concept phase 2A cohort study. Lancet 2015;385(9973):1107-13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kattakuzhy S, Sidharthan S, Wilson E, et al. Predictors of sustained viral response to 4–6 week duration therapy with ledipasvir+ sofosbuvir+ GS-9451+/− GS-9669 in early and advanced fibrosis (NIH/UMD SYNERGY trial). European association for the study of the liver 50th International liver congress, Vienna, Austria, 2015. 62:S669
   Google Scholar
• Gane EJ, Hyland RH, Yang Y, et al. Safety and efficacy of short-duration treatment with GS-9857 combined with sofosbuvir/GS-5816 in treatment-naïve and DAA-experienced genotype 1 patients with and without cirrhosis. European Association for the Study of the Liver 50th International Liver Congress, Vienna, Austria, 2015. 62:S264
   Google Scholar
• Poordad F, Lawitz E, Gutierrez JA, et al. C-SWIFT: Grazoprevir/elbasvir + sofosbuvir in cirrhotic and noncirrhotic, treatment-naïve patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection, for durations of 4, 6, or 8 weeks and genotype 3 infection for durations of 8 or 12 weeks. European association for the study of the liver 50th international liver congress, Vienna, Austria, 2015
   Google Scholar
• Gane EJ, Schwabe C, Mader M, et al. Sustained virologic response after ACH-3102 and sofosbuvir treatment for 8 or 6 weeks: A phase 2 "proxy" study. European association for the study of the liver 50th International liver congress, Vienna, Austria, 2015
   Google Scholar
• Gane EJ, Hyland RH, Ying Y, et al. Safety and efficacy of short-duration treatment with GS-9857 combined with sofosbuvir/GS-5816 in treatment-naive and DAA-experienced genotype 1 patients with and without cirrhosis. European association for the study of the liver 50th International liver congress, Vienna, Austria, 2015. 62:S264
   Google Scholar
• Fabrizi F, Dixit V, Messa P. Impact of hepatitis C on survival in dialysis patients: A link with cardiovascular mortality? J Viral Hepat 2012;19(9):601-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butt AA, Wang X, Fried LF. HCV infection and the incidence of CKD. Am J Kidney Dis 2011;57(3):396-402
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsui JI, Vittinghoff E, Shlipak MG, et al. Association of hepatitis C seropositivity with increased risk for developing end-stage renal disease. Arch Intern Med 2007;167(12):1271-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yeh W, Caro L, Guo Z, et al. Pharmacokinetics of co-administered HCV protease inhibitor grazoprevir (MK-5172) and NS5A inhibitor elbasvir (MK-8742) in volunteers with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis or severe renal impairment not on hemodialysis. Program and abstracts of the 65th Annual meeting of the american association for the study of liver diseases. Boston, MA, 2014;60:1137A
   Google Scholar
• Roth D, Nelson D, Bruchfeld A, et al. C-SURFER: Grazoprevir plus elbasvir in treatment-naive and treatment-experienced patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection and chronic kidney disease. European association for the study of the liver 50th International liver congress, Vienna, Austria, 2015. 62:S264
   Google Scholar
• Pockros PJ, Reddy K, Mantry P, et al. Safety of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir plus dasabuvir for treating HCV GT1 infection in patients with severe renal impairment or end-stage renal disease: The RUBY-1 study. European association for the study of the liver 50th International liver congress, Vienna, Austria, 2015
   Google Scholar
• Forman LM, Lewis JD, Berlin JA, et al. The association between hepatitis C infection and survival after orthotopic liver transplantation. Gastroenterology 2002;122(4):889-96
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garcia-Retortillo M, Forns X, Feliu A, et al. Hepatitis C virus kinetics during and immediately after liver transplantation. Hepatology 2002;35(3):680-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berenguer M, Prieto M, Rayon JM, et al. Natural history of clinically compensated hepatitis C virus-related graft cirrhosis after liver transplantation. Hepatology 2000;32(4 Pt 1):852-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Veldt BJ, Heathcote EJ, Wedemeyer H, et al. Sustained virologic response and clinical outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis C and advanced fibrosis. Ann Intern Med 2007;147(10):677-84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Meer AJ, Veldt BJ, Feld JJ, et al. Association between sustained virological response and all-cause mortality among patients with chronic hepatitis C and advanced hepatic fibrosis. JAMA 2012;308(24):2584-93
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simmons B, Saleem J, Heath K, et al. Long-term treatment outcomes of patients infected with hepatitis C virus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the survival benefit of achieving a sustained virological response. Clin Infect Dis 2015. [Epub ahead of print]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kwo PY, Mantry PS, Coakley E, et al. An interferon-free antiviral regimen for HCV after liver transplantation. N Engl J Med 2014;371(25):2375-82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy R, Lim JK, Kuo A. All oral HCV therapy is safe and effective in patients with decompensated cirrhosis: Report from HCV-TARGET. European association for the study of the liver 50th International liver congress, Vienna, Austria, 2015. S193
   Google Scholar
• Charlton M, Everson GT, Flamm SL, et al. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir plus ribavirin for treatment of HCV infection in patients with advanced liver disease. Gastroenterology 2015. [Epub ahead of print]
   Google Scholar
• Poordad F, Schiff ER, Vierling JM, et al. Daclatasvir, sofosbuvir, and ribavirin combination for HCV patients with advanced cirrhosis or post-transplant recurrence: ALLY-1 phase 3 study. European association for the study of the liver 50th International liver congress, Vienna, Austria, 2015
   Google Scholar
• Jacobson I, Poordad F, Firpi-Morell R, et al. Efficacy and safety of grazoprevir and elbasvir in hepatitis C genotype 1-infected patients with child-pugh class B cirrhosis (C-SALT part A). European association for the study of the liver 50th International liver congress, Vienna, Austria, 2015
   Google Scholar
• Nelson DR, Cooper JN, Lalezari JP, et al. All-oral 12-week treatment with daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir in patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 3 infection: ALLY-3 phase III study. Hepatology 2015;61(4):1127-35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alqahtani S, Zeuzem S, Manns M, et al. Safety and effectiveness of sofosbuvir-based regimens for the treatment of hepatitis C genotype 3 and 4 infections: Interim analysis of a prospective, observational study. European association for the study of the liver 50th International liver congress, Vienna, Austria, 2015. 62:S652
   Google Scholar
• Kowdley KV, Bacon BR, Dieterich D, et al. Efficacy evaluation of 24 week SOF + RBV in a heterogeneous, real-world population of genotype 3 HCV; data from the TRIO network. European association for the study of the liver 50th international liver congress. Vienna, Austria, 2015;62:S665
   Google Scholar
• Flamm SL, Bacon BR, Dieterich D, et al. Evaluation of efficacy of sofosbuvir and simeprevir based regimens in a real life population of hepatitis C patients with cirrhosis: Data from the TRIO network abstract 983. Program and abstracts of the 65th Annual meeting of the american association for the study of liver diseases. Boston, MA, 2014
   Google Scholar
• Jensen DM, O’Leary JG, Pockros PJ, et al. Safety and efficacy of sofosbuvir-containing regimens for hepatitis C: Real-world experience in a diverse, longitudinal observational cohort abstract 45. Program and abstracts of the 65th Annual meeting of the american association for the study of liver diseases. Boston, MA, 2014
   Google Scholar
• Burgess S, Partovi N, Yoshida E, et al. A review of drug interactions with direct-acting antivirals for hepatitis C: Implications for HIV and transplant patients. Annals of Pharmacotherapy 2015;49:674-87
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klibanov OM, Gale SE, Santevecchi B. Ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir and dasabuvir tablets for hepatitis C virus genotype I infection. Ann Pharmacother 2015;49:566-81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menon R, Badri P, Wang T, et al. Drug-drug interaction profile of the all-oral anti-hepatitis C virus regimen of paritaprevir/ritonavir, ombitasvir and dasabuvir. J Hepatol 2015;63(1):20-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mosure KW, Knipe JO, Browning M, et al. Preclinical pharmacokinetics and in vitro metabolism of asunaprevir (BMS-650032), a potent hepatitis C virus NS3 protease inhibitor. J Pharm Sci 2015. [Epub ahead of print]
   Google Scholar
• Bilello JP, Lallos LB, MCCarvill JF, et al. In vitro activity and resistance profile of samatasvir, a novel NS5A replication inhibitor of hepatitis C virus. Antimic Agents Chemother 2014;58:4431
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vince B, Hill JM, Lawitz EJ, et al. A randomized, double-blind, multiple-dose study of the pan-genotypic NS5A inhibitor samatasvir in patients infected with hepatitis C virus genotype 1, 2, 3 or 4. J Hepatol 2014;60(5):920-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilead Sciences. Sovaldi. [package information] 2014
   Google Scholar
• Kapelusznik L, Heil E, Temesgen Z, Talwani R. Setrobuvir. Drugs Future 2012;37(10):725
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gane EJ, Hyland RH, An D. Sofosbuvir/ledipasvir fixed dose combination is safe and effective in difficult-to-treat populations including genotype-3 patients, decompensated genotype-1 patients, and genotype -1 patients with prior sofosbuvir treatment experience. Gastroenterology 2014;60:S3
   Google Scholar
• Reddy KR, Everson GT, Flamm SL, et al. Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir with ribavirin for the treatment of HCV in patients with post transplant recurrence: Preliminary results of a prospective, multicenter study. Program and abstracts of the 65th Annual meeting of the american association for the study of liver diseases. Boston, MA, 2014
   Google Scholar
• Flamm SL, Everson GT, Charlton M, et al. Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir with ribavirin for the treatment of HCV in patients with decompensated cirrhosis: Preliminary results of a prospective, multicenter study. Program and abstracts of the 65th Annual meeting of the american association for the study of liver diseases. Boston, MA, 2014. 60:320A
   Google Scholar
• Manns M, Forns X, Samuel D, et al. Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir with ribavirin is safe and efficacious in decompensated and post-liver transplantation patients with HCV infection: Preliminary results of the SOLAR-2 trial. European association for the study of the liver 50th International liver congress, Vienna, Austria, 2015. 62:S187
   Google Scholar
• Cooper C, Naggie S, Saag M, et al. A single-tablet regimen of ledipasvir/sofosbuvir for 12 weeks in HCV genotype 1- or 4-infected patients with HIV-1 coinfection: The phase 3 ION-4 study. European association for the study of the liver 50th International liver congress, Vienna, Austria, 2015. 62:S675
   Google Scholar
• Kapoor R, Kohli A, Sidharthan S, et al. All oral treatment for genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C infection with sofosbuvir and ledipasvir: Interim results from the NIAID SYNERGY trial. Program and abstracts of the 65th Annual meeting of the american association for the study of liver diseases. Boston, MA, 2014. 60:321A
   Google Scholar
• Pellicelli AM, Montalbano M, Lionetti R, et al. Sofosbuvir plus daclatasvir for post-transplant recurrent hepatitis C: Potent antiviral activity but no clinical benefit if treatment is given late. Dig Liver Dis 2014;46(10):923-7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Foster GR, McLauchlan J, Irving M, et al. Treatment of decompensated HCV cirrhosis in patients with diverse genotypes: 12 weeks sofosbuvir and NS5A inhibitors with/without ribavirin is effective in HCV genotypes 1 and 3. European association for the study of the liver 50th International liver congress, Vienna, Austria, 2015
   Google Scholar
• Janssen HL, Reesink HW, Lawitz EJ, et al. Treatment of HCV infection by targeting microRNA. N Engl J Med 2013;368(18):1685-94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pawlotsky JM, Sarin SK, Foster GR, et al. Alisporivir plus ribavirin achieves high rates of sustained HCV clearance (SVR24) as interferon (FN)-free or IFN-add-on regimen in treatment-naïve patients with GT2 or GT3: Final results of the VITAL-1 study. Hepatology 2012;56:309A
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar