1,180
Views
114
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

The asthma–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome: pharmacotherapeutic considerations

, , , , , , & show all
Pages 197-219 | Published online: 10 Jan 2014

References

  • Committee on Diagnostic Standards for Nontuberculous Respiratory Diseases. American Thoracic Society, 1962. Definitions and classfication of chronic bronchitis, asthma, and pulmonary emphysema. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 85, 762–769 (1962).
  • Zeki AA, Schivo M, Chan A, Albertson TE, Louie S. The Asthma–COPD overlap syndrome: a common clinical problem in the elderly. J. Allergy (Cairo) 2011, 861926 (2011).
  • Gibson PG, Simpson JL. The overlap syndrome of asthma and COPD: what are its features and how important is it? Thorax 64(8), 728–735 (2009).
  • Hardin M, Silverman EK, Barr RG et al.; COPDGene Investigators. The clinical features of the overlap between COPD and asthma. Respir. Res. 12, 127 (2011).
  • O’Donnell DE, Aaron S, Bourbeau J et al. Canadian Thoracic Society recommendations for management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – 2007 update. Can. Respir. J. 14(Suppl. B), 5B–32B (2007).
  • Committee for the Third Edition of the COPD Guidelines of the Japanese Respiratory Society. Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) (3rd Edition). Medical Review Co, Ltd, Tokyo (2009).
  • Miravitlles M, Soler-Cataluña JJ, Calle M et al. [Spanish COPD Guidelines (GesEPOC): pharmacological treatment of stable COPD]. Aten. Primaria 44(7), 425–437 (2012).
  • Qaseem A, Wilt TJ, Weinberger SE et al.; American College of Physicians; American College of Chest Physicians; American Thoracic Society; European Respiratory Society. Diagnosis and management of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a clinical practice guideline update from the American College of Physicians, American College of Chest Physicians, American Thoracic Society, and European Respiratory Society. Ann. Intern. Med. 155(3), 179–191 (2011).
  • Soler-Cataluña JJ, Cosío B, Izquierdo JL et al. Consensus document on the overlap phenotype COPD-asthma in COPD. Arch. Bronconeumol. 48(9), 331–337 (2012).
  • Hogg JC, Chu F, Utokaparch S et al. The nature of small-airway obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 350(26), 2645–2653 (2004).
  • Tashkin DP, Celli B, Decramer M et al. Bronchodilator responsiveness in patients with COPD. Eur. Respir. J. 31(4), 742–750 (2008).
  • Lötvall J, Akdis CA, Bacharier LB et al. Asthma endotypes: a new approach to classification of disease entities within the asthma syndrome. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 127(2), 355–360 (2011).
  • Han MK, Agusti A, Calverley PM et al. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease phenotypes: the future of COPD. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 182(5), 598–604 (2010).
  • Wenzel SE, Vitari CA, Shende M, Strollo DC, Larkin A, Yousem SA. Asthmatic granulomatosis: a novel disease with asthmatic and granulomatous features. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 186(6), 501–507 (2012).
  • Anderson GP. Endotyping asthma: new insights into key pathogenic mechanisms in a complex, heterogeneous disease. Lancet 372(9643), 1107–1119 (2008).
  • Soriano JB, Visick GT, Muellerova H, Payvandi N, Hansell AL. Patterns of comorbidities in newly diagnosed COPD and asthma in primary care. Chest 128(4), 2099–2107 (2005).
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institutes. Morbidity and Mortality: 2009 Chart Book on Cardiovascular, Lung and Blood Diseases. National Institutes of Health, MD, USA (2009).
  • Schiller JS, Lucas JW, Ward BW, Peregoy JA. Summary health statistics for U.S. adults: National Health Interview Survey, 2010. Vital Health Stat. 10. (252), 1–207 (2012).
  • Miniño AM, Murphy SL, Xu J, Kochanek KD. Deaths: final data for 2008. Natl Vital. Stat. Rep. 59(10), 1–126 (2011).
  • Pleis JR, Lethbridge-Cejku M. Summary health statistics for U.S. adults: National Health Interview Survey, 2005. Vital Health Stat. 10. (232), 1–153 (2006).
  • Sin DD, Stafinski T, Ng YC, Bell NR, Jacobs P. The impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on work loss in the United States. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 165(5), 704–707 (2002).
  • Mannino DM, Homa DM, Akinbami LJ, Ford ES, Redd SC. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease surveillance–United States, 1971-2000. Respir. Care 47(10), 1184–1199 (2002).
  • Bateman ED, Boushey HA, Bousquet J et al.; GOAL Investigators Group. Can guideline-defined asthma control be achieved? The Gaining Optimal Asthma Control study. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 170(8), 836–844 (2004).
  • Calverley PM, Anderson JA, Celli B et al.; TORCH investigators. Salmeterol and fluticasone propionate and survival in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 356(8), 775–789 (2007).
  • Tashkin DP, Celli B, Senn S et al.; UPLIFT Study Investigators. A 4-year trial of tiotropium in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 359(15), 1543–1554 (2008).
  • Lundbäck B, Lindberg A, Lindström M et al.; Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden Studies. Not 15 but 50% of smokers develop COPD?–Report from the Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden Studies. Respir. Med. 97(2), 115–122 (2003).
  • Løkke A, Lange P, Scharling H, Fabricius P, Vestbo J. Developing COPD: a 25 year follow up study of the general population. Thorax 61(11), 935–939 (2006).
  • Thomson NC, Chaudhuri R, Livingston E. Asthma and cigarette smoking. Eur. Respir. J. 24(5), 822–833 (2004).
  • Eden E, Mitchell D, Mehlman B et al. Atopy, asthma, and emphysema in patients with severe alpha-1-antitrypysin deficiency. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 156(1), 68–74 (1997).
  • Mannino DM, Buist AS. Global burden of COPD: risk factors, prevalence, and future trends. Lancet 370(9589), 765–773 (2007).
  • Peto R, Doll R. There is no such thing as aging. BMJ 315(7115), 1030–1032 (1997).
  • Tobin MJ. Counterpoint: evidence-based medicine lacks a sound scientific base. Chest 133(5), 1071–1074; discussion 1074 (2008).
  • Bourbeau J, Julien M, Maltais F et al.; Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease axis of the Respiratory Network Fonds de la Recherche en Santé du Québec. Reduction of hospital utilization in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a disease-specific self-management intervention. Arch. Intern. Med. 163(5), 585–591 (2003).
  • Doll R, Peto R, Boreham J, Sutherland I. Mortality in relation to smoking: 50 years’ observations on male British doctors. BMJ 328(7455), 1519 (2004).
  • Xu X, Weiss ST, Rijcken B, Schouten JP. Smoking, changes in smoking habits, and rate of decline in FEV1: new insight into gender differences. Eur. Respir. J. 7(6), 1056–1061 (1994).
  • Center for Disease and Control. Cigarette smoking among adults--United States, 2007. MMWR 57(45), 1221–1226 (2008).
  • Gonzales D, Rennard SI, Nides M et al.; Varenicline Phase 3 Study Group. Varenicline, an α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist, vs sustained-release bupropion and placebo for smoking cessation: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 296(1), 47–55 (2006).
  • Jorenby DE, Hays JT, Rigotti NA et al.; Varenicline Phase 3 Study Group. Efficacy of varenicline, an α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist, vs placebo or sustained-release bupropion for smoking cessation: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 296(1), 56–63 (2006).
  • Shen XY, Orson FM, Kosten TR. Vaccines against drug abuse. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 91(1), 60–70 (2012).
  • Walters EH, Walters J. Inhaled short acting beta2-agonist use in chronic asthma: regular versus as needed treatment. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. (2), CD001285 (2003).
  • Salpeter SR, Ormiston TM, Salpeter EE. Cardiovascular effects of beta-agonists in patients with asthma and COPD: a meta-analysis. Chest 125(6), 2309–2321 (2004).
  • Westby M, Benson M, Gibson P. Anticholinergic agents for chronic asthma in adults. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 3, CD003269 (2004).
  • Peters SP, Kunselman SJ, Icitovic N et al.; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Asthma Clinical Research Network. Tiotropium bromide step-up therapy for adults with uncontrolled asthma. N. Engl. J. Med. 363(18), 1715–1726 (2010).
  • Chowdhury BA, Dal Pan G. The FDA and safe use of long-acting beta-agonists in the treatment of asthma. N. Engl. J. Med. 362(13), 1169–1171 (2010).
  • Stockley RA, Whitehead PJ, Williams MK. Improved outcomes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treated with salmeterol compared with placebo/usual therapy: results of a meta-analysis. Respir. Res. 7, 147 (2006).
  • Tashkin DP, Cooper CB. The role of long-acting bronchodilators in the management of stable COPD. Chest 125(1), 249–259 (2004).
  • Brozek JL, Kraft M, Krishnan JA et al. Long-acting ß2-agonist step-off in patients with controlled asthma: systematic review with meta-analysis. Arch. Intern. Med. 1–11 (2012).
  • Vogelmeier C, Hederer B, Glaab T et al.; POET-COPD Investigators. Tiotropium versus salmeterol for the prevention of exacerbations of COPD. N. Engl. J. Med. 364(12), 1093–1103 (2011).
  • Tashkin DP, Pearle J, Iezzoni D, Varghese ST. Formoterol and tiotropium compared with tiotropium alone for treatment of COPD. COPD 6(1), 17–25 (2009).
  • Barnes PJ. The pharmacological properties of tiotropium. Chest 117(Suppl. 2), 63S–66S (2000).
  • Magnussen H, Bugnas B, van Noord J, Schmidt P, Gerken F, Kesten S. Improvements with tiotropium in COPD patients with concomitant asthma. Respir. Med. 102(1), 50–56 (2008).
  • Kerstjens HA, Engel M, Dahl R et al. Tiotropium in asthma poorly controlled with standard combination therapy. N. Engl. J. Med. 367(13), 1198–1207 (2012).
  • Barr RG, Bourbeau J, Camargo CA, Ram FS. Tiotropium for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis. Thorax 61(10), 854–862 (2006).
  • Fuhr R, Magnussen H, Sarem K et al. Efficacy of aclidinium bromide 400 µg twice daily compared with placebo and tiotropium in patients with moderate to severe COPD. Chest 141(3), 745–752 (2012).
  • Cazzola M, Matera MG. Emerging inhaled bronchodilators: an update. Eur. Respir. J. 34(3), 757–769 (2009).
  • Barnes NC. The properties of inhaled corticosteroids: similarities and differences. Prim. Care Respir. J. 16(3), 149–154 (2007).
  • Kardos P, Wencker M, Glaab T, Vogelmeier C. Impact of salmeterol/fluticasone propionate versus salmeterol on exacerbations in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 175(2), 144–149 (2007).
  • Ferguson GT, Anzueto A, Fei R, Emmett A, Knobil K, Kalberg C. Effect of fluticasone propionate/salmeterol (250/50 microg) or salmeterol (50 microg) on COPD exacerbations. Respir. Med. 102(8), 1099–1108 (2008).
  • Celli BR, MacNee W; ATS/ERS Task Force. Standards for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with COPD: a summary of the ATS/ERS position paper. Eur. Respir. J. 23(6), 932–946 (2004).
  • Martin RJ, Szefler SJ, King TS et al.; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s Asthma Clinical Research Center. The Predicting Response to Inhaled Corticosteroid Efficacy (PRICE) trial. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 119(1), 73–80 (2007).
  • Price D, Musgrave SD, Shepstone L et al. Leukotriene antagonists as first-line or add-on asthma-controller therapy. N. Engl. J. Med. 364(18), 1695–1707 (2011).
  • Dupont L, Potvin E, Korn D et al.; Singulair as Complementary Therapy to Fixed Association in Real life Study Group. Improving asthma control in patients suboptimally controlled on inhaled steroids and long-acting beta2-agonists: addition of montelukast in an open-label pilot study. Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 21(6), 863–869 (2005).
  • Woodruff PG, Albert RK, Bailey WC et al.; Copd Clinical Research Network. Randomized trial of zileuton for treatment of COPD exacerbations requiring hospitalization. COPD 8(1), 21–29 (2011).
  • Wenzel SE, Szefler SJ, Leung DY, Sloan SI, Rex MD, Martin RJ. Bronchoscopic evaluation of severe asthma. Persistent inflammation associated with high dose glucocorticoids. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 156(3 Pt 1), 737–743 (1997).
  • Buhl R. Anti-IgE: lessons from clinical trials in patients with severe allergic asthma symptomatic despite optimized therapy. Eur. Respir. Rev. 16(104), 73–77 (2007).
  • Rodrigo GJ, Neffen H, Castro-Rodriguez JA. Efficacy and safety of subcutaneous omalizumab vs placebo as add-on therapy to corticosteroids for children and adults with asthma: a systematic review. Chest 139(1), 28–35 (2011).
  • Arbes SJ Jr, Gergen PJ, Vaughn B, Zeldin DC. Asthma cases attributable to atopy: results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 120(5), 1139–1145 (2007).
  • Humbert M, Beasley R, Ayres J et al. Benefits of omalizumab as add-on therapy in patients with severe persistent asthma who are inadequately controlled despite best available therapy (GINA 2002 step 4 treatment): INNOVATE. Allergy 60(3), 309–316 (2005).
  • Jonas DE, Wines RCM, DelMonte M et al. In: Drug Class Review: Controller Medications for Asthma: Final Update 1 Report. OR, USA (2011).
  • Calverley PM, Rabe KF, Goehring UM, Kristiansen S, Fabbri LM, Martinez FJ. Roflumilast in symptomatic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: two randomised clinical trials. Lancet 374(9691), 685–694 (2009).
  • Fabbri LM, Calverley PM, Izquierdo-Alonso JL et al. Roflumilast in moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treated with longacting bronchodilators: two randomised clinical trials. Lancet 374(9691), 695–703 (2009).
  • Rennard SI, Calverley PM, Goehring UM, Bredenbröker D, Martinez FJ. Reduction of exacerbations by the PDE4 inhibitor roflumilast – the importance of defining different subsets of patients with COPD. Respir. Res. 12, 18 (2011).
  • Barnes PJ. Theophylline: new perspectives for an old drug. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 167(6), 813–818 (2003).
  • Cyr MC, Beauchesne MF, Lemière C, Blais L. Effect of theophylline on the rate of moderate to severe exacerbations among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 65(1), 40–50 (2008).
  • Barnes PJ. Theophylline for COPD. Thorax 61(9), 742–744 (2006).
  • Zheng JP, Kang J, Huang SG et al. Effect of carbocisteine on acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (PEACE Study): a randomised placebo-controlled study. Lancet 371(9629), 2013–2018 (2008).
  • Albert RK, Connett J, Bailey WC et al.; COPD Clinical Research Network. Azithromycin for prevention of exacerbations of COPD. N. Engl. J. Med. 365(8), 689–698 (2011).
  • Ray WA, Murray KT, Hall K, Arbogast PG, Stein CM. Azithromycin and the risk of cardiovascular death. N. Engl. J. Med. 366(20), 1881–1890 (2012).
  • Continuous or nocturnal oxygen therapy in hypoxemic chronic obstructive lung disease: a clinical trial. Nocturnal Oxygen Therapy Trial Group. Ann. Intern. Med. 93(3), 391–398 (1980).
  • Medical Research Council Working Party. Long-term domiciliary oxygen therapy in chronic hypoxic cor pulmonale complicating chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Report of the Medical Research Council Working Party. Lancet 1(8222), 681–686 (1981).
  • Croxton TL, Bailey WC. Long-term oxygen treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: recommendations for future research: an NHLBI workshop report. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 174(4), 373–378 (2006).
  • Moore WC, Meyers DA, Wenzel SE et al.; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s Severe Asthma Research Program. Identification of asthma phenotypes using cluster analysis in the Severe Asthma Research Program. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 181(4), 315–323 (2010).
  • Denning DW, O’Driscoll BR, Powell G et al. Randomized controlled trial of oral antifungal treatment for severe asthma with fungal sensitization: The Fungal Asthma Sensitization Trial (FAST) study. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 179(1), 11–18 (2009).
  • Good JT Jr, Kolakowski CA, Groshong SD, Murphy JR, Martin RJ. Refractory asthma: importance of bronchoscopy to identify phenotypes and direct therapy. Chest 141(3), 599–606 (2012).
  • Haldar P, Brightling CE, Hargadon B et al. Mepolizumab and exacerbations of refractory eosinophilic asthma. N. Engl. J. Med. 360(10), 973–984 (2009).
  • Nair P, Pizzichini MM, Kjarsgaard M et al. Mepolizumab for prednisone-dependent asthma with sputum eosinophilia. N. Engl. J. Med. 360(10), 985–993 (2009).
  • Ducharme FM, Lasserson TJ, Cates CJ. Addition to inhaled corticosteroids of long-acting beta2-agonists versus anti-leukotrienes for chronic asthma. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. (5), CD003137 (2011).
  • Pauwels RA, Pedersen S, Busse WW et al.; START Investigators Group. Early intervention with budesonide in mild persistent asthma: a randomised, double-blind trial. Lancet 361(9363), 1071–1076 (2003).
  • Castro M, Rubin AS, Laviolette M et al.; AIR2 Trial Study Group. Effectiveness and safety of bronchial thermoplasty in the treatment of severe asthma: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled clinical trial. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 181(2), 116–124 (2010).
  • Halpin D. Mortality in COPD: inevitable or preventable? Insights from the cardiovascular arena. COPD 5(3), 187–200 (2008).

Websites

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.