References
- Bader P, Kreyenberg H, Henze GH et al. Prognostic value of minimal residual disease quantification before allogeneic stem-cell transplantation in relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: the ALL-REZ BFM Study Group. J. Clin. Oncol.27(3), 377–384 (2009).
- Gaynon PS, Angiolillo AL, Carroll WL et al. Long-term results of the children’s cancer group studies for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia 1983–2002: a Children’s Oncology Group Report. Leukemia24(2), 285–297 (2009).
- Tallen G, Ratei R, Mann G et al. Long-term outcome in children with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia after time-point and site-of-relapse stratification and intensified short-course multidrug chemotherapy: results of trial ALL-REZ BFM 90. J. Clin. Oncol.28(14), 2339–2347 (2010).
- Conter V, Bartram CR, Valsecchi MG et al. Molecular response to treatment redefines all prognostic factors in children and adolescents with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia: results in 3184 patients of the AIEOP-BFM ALL 2000 study. Blood115(16), 3206–3214 (2010).
- Schrauder A, Stanulla M, Flohr T et al. Prospective evaluation of MRD-kinetics in 274 children with high-risk ALL treated in trial ALL-BFM 2000: insights into development of resistance and impact on further refinement of treatment stratification strategies. Blood585a (2007).
- Zwaan CM, Kearns P, Caron H et al. The role of the ‘innovative therapies for children with cancer’ (ITCC) European consortium. Cancer Treat. Rev.36(4), 328–334 (2010).
- Houghton PJ, Morton CL, Tucker C et al. The pediatric preclinical testing program: description of models and early testing results. Pediatric Blood Cancer49(7), 928–940 (2007).
- Bonapace L, Bornhauser BC, Schmitz M et al. Induction of autophagy-dependent necroptosis is required for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells to overcome glucocorticoid resistance. J. Clin. Invest.120(4), 1310–1323 (2010).
- Kharas MG, Janes MR, Scarfone VM et al. Ablation of PI3K blocks BCR-ABL leukemogenesis in mice, and a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor prevents expansion of human BCR-ABL+ leukemia cells. J. Clin. Invest.118(9), 3038–3050 (2008).
- le Viseur C, Hotfilder M, Bomken S et al. In childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, blasts at different stages of immunophenotypic maturation have stem cell properties. Cancer Cell14(1), 47–58 (2008).
- Liem NL, Papa RA, Milross CG et al. Characterization of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia xenograft models for the preclinical evaluation of new therapies. Blood103(10), 3905–3914 (2004).
- Teachey DT, Obzut DA, Cooperman J et al. The mTOR inhibitor CCI-779 induces apoptosis and inhibits growth in preclinical models of primary adult human ALL. Blood107(3), 1149–1155 (2006).
- Schmitz M, Mirkowska P, Breithaupt P et al. Leukemia-initiating cells are frequent in very high risk childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and give rise to relatively stable phenotypes in immunodeficient mice. Blood114(22), 86a (2009).
- Fulda S, Galluzzi L, Kroemer G. Targeting mitochondria for cancer therapy. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov.51(5), 476–489 (2010).
- Kroemer G, Pouyssegur J. Tumor cell metabolism: cancer’s Achilles’ heel. Cancer Cell13(6), 472–482 (2008).
- Bachmann PS, Gorman R, Mackenzie KL, Lutze-Mann L, Lock RB. Dexamethasone resistance in B-cell precursor childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia occurs downstream of ligand-induced nuclear translocation of the glucocorticoid receptor. Blood105(6), 2519–2526 (2005).
- Bornhauser BC, Bonapace L, Lindholm D et al. Low-dose arsenic trioxide sensitizes glucocorticoid-resistant acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells to dexamethasone via an Akt-dependent pathway. Blood110(6), 2084–2091 (2007).
- Wei G, Twomey D, Lamb J et al. Gene expression-based chemical genomics identifies rapamycin as a modulator of MCL1 and glucocorticoid resistance. Cancer Cell10(4), 331–342 (2006).
- Oltersdorf T, Elmore SW, Shoemaker AR et al. An inhibitor of Bcl-2 family proteins induces regression of solid tumours. Nature435(7042), 677–681 (2007).
- Tse C, Shoemaker AR, Adickes J et al. ABT-263: a potent and orally bioavailable Bcl-2 family inhibitor. Cancer Res.68(9), 3421–3428 (2008).
- High LM, Szymanska B, Wilczynska-Kalak U et al. The Bcl-2 homology domain 3 mimetic ABT-737 targets the apoptotic machinery in acute lymphoblastic leukemia resulting in synergistic in vitro and in vivo interactions with established drugs. Mol. Pharmacol.77(3), 483–494 (2010).
- Lock R, Carol H, Houghton PJ et al. Initial testing (stage 1) of the BH3 mimetic ABT-263 by the pediatric preclinical testing program. Pediatric Blood Cancer50(6), 1181–1189 (2008).
- Del Gaizo Moore V, Schlis KD, Sallan SE, Armstrong SA, Letai A. BCL-2 dependence and ABT-737 sensitivity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood111(4), 2300–2309 (2008).
- Buron N, Porceddu M, Brabant M et al. Use of human cancer cell lines mitochondria to explore the mechanisms of BH3 peptides and ABT-737-induced mitochondrial membrane permeabilization. PloS One5(3), e9924 (2010).
- Kang MH, Kang YH, Szymanska B et al. Activity of vincristine, L-ASP, and dexamethasone against acute lymphoblastic leukemia is enhanced by the BH3-mimetic ABT-737 in vitro and in vivo. Blood110(6), 2057–2066 (2007).
- Konopleva M, Contractor R, Tsao T et al. Mechanisms of apoptosis sensitivity and resistance to the BH3 mimetic ABT-737 in acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Cell10(5), 375–388 (2006).
- Yecies D, Carlson NE, Deng J, Letai A. Acquired resistance to ABT-737 in lymphoma cells that up-regulate MCL-1 and BFL-1. Blood115(16), 3304–3313 (2010).
- Nguyen M, Marcellus RC, Roulston A et al. Small molecule obatoclax (GX15–070) antagonizes MCL-1 and overcomes MCL-1-mediated resistance to apoptosis. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA104(49), 19512–19517 (2007).
- Degterev A, Hitomi J, Germscheid M et al. Identification of RIP1 kinase as a specific cellular target of necrostatins. Nat. Chem. Biol.4(5), 313–321 (2008).
- Jaattela M, Tschopp J. Caspase-independent cell death in T lymphocytes. Nat. Immunol.4(5), 416–423 (2003).
- Bell BD, Leverrier S, Weist BM et al. FADD and caspase-8 control the outcome of autophagic signaling in proliferating T cells. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA105(43), 16677–16682 (2008).
- Hitomi J, Christofferson DE, Ng A et al. Identification of a molecular signaling network that regulates a cellular necrotic cell death pathway. Cell135(7), 1311–1323 (2008).
- Serra V, Markman B, Scaltriti M et al. NVP-BEZ235, a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, prevents PI3K signaling and inhibits the growth of cancer cells with activating PI3K mutations. Cancer Res.68(19), 8022–8030 (2008).
- O’Brien SM, Claxton DF, Crump M et al. Phase I study of obatoclax mesylate (GX15–070), a small molecule pan-Bcl-2 family antagonist, in patients with advanced chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood113(2), 299–305 (2008).
- Paik PK, Rudin CM, Brown A et al. A Phase I study of obatoclax mesylate, a Bcl-2 antagonist, plus topotecan in solid tumor malignancies. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. DOI: 10.1007/s00280-010-1265-5 (2010) (Epub ahead of print).
- Schimmer AD. Apoptosis in leukemia: from molecular pathways to targeted therapies. Best Pract. Res. Clin. Haematol.221(1), 5–11 (2009).