References
- Angus F, Burakoff R. The percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube: medical and ethical issues in placement. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003;98:272–277. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2003.07710.x12591040
- Arora G, Rockey D, Gupta S. High in-hospital mortality after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy: results of a nationwide population-based study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;11:1437–1444. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2013.04.01123602822
- Rabeneck L, McCullough LB, Wray NP. Ethically justified, clinically comprehensive guidelines for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube placement. Lancet. 1997;349:496–498.9040591
- Longcroft-Wheaton G, Marden P, Colleypriest B, Gavin D, Taylor G, Farrant M. Understanding Why Patients Die after Gastrostomy Tube Insertion: A Retrospective Analysis of Mortality. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2009 Jul–Aug; 33(4):375–9. doi: 10.1177/0148607108327156.
- Wilcox C, McClave S. To PEG or not to PEG. Clin Med. 2002;2:250–255. doi:10.7861/clinmedicine.2-3-250
- Kurien M, Leeds JS, DeLegge MH, et al. Mortality among patients who receive or defer gastrostomies. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;11:1445–1450. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2013.04.02523639596
- Leeds JS, McAlindon ME, Grant J, et al. Albumin level and patient age predict outcomes in patients referred for gastrostomy insertion: internal and external validation of a gastrostomy score and comparison with artificial neural networks. Gastrointest Endosc. 2011;74:1033–1039. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2011.07.04322032317
- Leeds JS, Morley SR, Marr R, et al. Predicting outcomes following gastrostomy insertion using the sheffield gastrostomy score: a prospectively devised scoring system with a validation cohort. Proc Nutr Soc. 2009;68:E12. doi:10.1017/S0029665109001530
- Udd M, Lindström O, Mustonen H, Bäck L, Halttunen J, Kylänpää L. Assessment of indications for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy – development of a predictive model. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2015;50:245–252. doi:10.3109/00365521.2014.92791425540954
- Abuksis G, Mor M, Segal N, et al. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy: high mortality rates in hospitalized patients. Am J Gastroenterol. 2000;95:0–4. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.03381.x
- Teno JM, Gozalo P, Mitchell SL, Kuo S, Fulton AT, Mor V. Feeding tubes and prevention or healing of pressure ulcers. Arch Intern Med. 2012;172:697–701. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2012.120022782196
- Pearce CB, Duncan HD. Enteral feeding. Nasogastric, nasojejunal, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, or jejunostomy: its indications and limitations. Postgrad Med J. 2002;78:198–204. doi:10.1136/pmj.78.918.19811930022
- Langmore SE, Kasarskis EJ, Manca ML, Olney RK. Enteral Tube Feeding for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/Motor Neuron Disease. Cochrane Data Syst Rev. 2006;(4): CD004030. Review. Update in: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;(1):CD004030.
- James A, Kapur K, Hawthorne AB. Long-term outcome of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy feeding in patients with dysphagic stroke. Age Ageing. 1998;27:671–676. doi:10.1093/ageing/27.6.67110408659
- American Geriatrics Society Ethics Committee and Clinical Practice and Models of Care Committee. American geriatrics society feeding tubes in advanced dementia position statement. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2014;62:1590–1593. doi:10.1111/jgs.1305325039796
- Lee JH, Machtay M, Unger LD, et al. Prophylactic gastrostomy tubes in patients undergoing intensive irradiation for cancer of the head and neck. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1998;124:871–875. doi:10.1001/archotol.124.8.8719708712
- Reuben DB. Quality indicators for the care of undernutrition in vulnerable elders. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2007;55. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01353.x
- Nair S, Hertan H, Pitchumoni CS. Hypoalbuminemia is a poor predictor of survival after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in elderly patients with dementia. Am J Gastroenterol. 2000;95:133–136. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.03381.x10638571
- Finestone HM. Safe feeding methods in stroke patients. Lancet. 2000;355:1662–1663. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)72455-710905238