Panax Notoginseng Ameliorates Podocyte EMT by Targeting the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats

References

• USRDS: the United States Renal Data System. Am J Kidney Dis. 2003;42(6 Suppl 5):1–230.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GnudiL, CowardRJM, LongDA. Diabetic nephropathy: perspective on novel molecular mechanisms. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2016;27(11):820–830. doi:10.1016/j.tem.2016.07.00227470431
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ToyodaM, NajafianB, KimY, CaramoriML, MauerM. Podocyte detachment and reduced glomerular capillary endothelial fenestration in human type 1 diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes. 2007;56(8):2155–2160. doi:10.2337/db07-001917536064
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PagtalunanME, MillerPL, Jumping-EagleS, et al. Podocyte loss and progressive glomerular injury in type II diabetes. J Clin Invest. 1997;99(2):342–348. doi:10.1172/JCI1191639006003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MaezawaY, TakemotoM, YokoteK. Cell biology of diabetic nephropathy: roles of endothelial cells, tubulointerstitial cells and podocytes. J Diabetes Investig. 2015;6(1):3–15. doi:10.1111/jdi.12255
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AndeenNK, NguyenTQ, SteeghF, HudkinsKL, NajafianB, AlpersCE. The phenotypes of podocytes and parietal epithelial cells may overlap in diabetic nephropathy. Kidney Int. 2015;88(5):1099–1107. doi:10.1038/ki.2015.27326376129
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EidS, BoutaryS, BraychK, et al. mTORC2 signaling regulates Nox4-induced podocyte depletion in diabetes. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2016;25(13):703–719. doi:10.1089/ars.2015.656227393154
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SweetwyneMT, GruenwaldA, NiranjanT, NishinakamuraR, StroblLJ, SusztakK. Notch1 and Notch2 in podocytes play differential roles during diabetic nephropathy development. Diabetes. 2015;64(12):4099–4111. doi:10.2337/db15-026026293507
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MSM. The podocyte a potential therapeutic target in diabetic nephropathy. Curr Pharm Des. 2007;13(26):2713–2720. doi:10.2174/13816120778166295717897015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LiuY. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition in renal fibrogenesis: pathologic significance, molecular mechanism, and therapeutic intervention. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004;15(1):1–12. doi:10.1097/01.ASN.0000106015.29070.E714694152
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DaiH, LiuQ, LiuB. Research progress on mechanism of podocyte depletion in diabetic nephropathy. J Diabetes Res. 2017;2017:2615286. doi:10.1155/2017/261528628791309
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anil KumarP, WelshGI, SaleemMA, MenonRK. Molecular and cellular events mediating glomerular podocyte dysfunction and depletion in diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2014;5:151. doi:10.3389/fendo.2014.0015125309512
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• K RAS, SchifferM, BöttingerEP. Glucose-induced reactive oxygen species cause apoptosis of podocytes and podocyte depletion at the onset of diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes. 2006;55(1):225–233. doi:10.2337/diabetes.55.01.06.db05-089416380497
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GuiD, WeiL, JianG, GuoY, YangJ, WangN. Notoginsenoside R1 ameliorates podocyte adhesion under diabetic condition through alpha3beta1 integrin upregulation in vitro and in vivo. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2014;34(6):1849–1862. doi:10.1159/00036638425503068
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• LiuWJ, TangHT, JiaYT, et al. Notoginsenoside R1 attenuates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Shock. 2010;34(3):314–320. doi:10.1097/SHK.0b013e3181ceede420023602
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DuYG, WangLP, QianJW, ZhangKN, ChaiKF. Panax notoginseng saponins protect kidney from diabetes by up-regulating silent information regulator 1 and activating antioxidant proteins in rats. Chin J Integr Med. 2016;22(12):910–917. doi:10.1007/s11655-015-2446-126712211
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KangYS, LeeMH, SongHK, et al. CCR2 antagonism improves insulin resistance, lipid metabolism, and diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic mice. Kidney Int. 2010;78(9):883–894. doi:10.1038/ki.2010.26320686445
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VargheseF, BukhariAB, MalhotraR, DeA. IHC Profiler: an open source plugin for the quantitative evaluation and automated scoring of immunohistochemistry images of human tissue samples. PLoS One. 2014;9(5):e96801. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.009680124802416
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GD, FinucaneMM, LuY, et al. Global Burden of Metabolic Risk Factors of Chronic Diseases Collaborating Group (Blood Glucose). National, regional, and global trends in fasting plasma glucose and diabetes prevalence since 1980 systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 370 country-years and 27 million participants. Lancet. 2011;378:31–40. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60679-X21705069
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ForbesJM, FukamiK, CooperME. Diabetic nephropathy: where hemodynamics meets metabolism. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2007;115(2):69–84. doi:10.1055/s-2007-94972117318765
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JerumsG, PanagiotopoulosS, PremaratneE, MacIsaacRJ. Integrating albuminuria and GFR in the assessment of diabetic nephropathy. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2009;5(7):397–406. doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.9119556994
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZhuWW, ChenHP, GeYC, et al. Ultrastructural changes in the glomerular filtration barrier and occurrence of proteinuria in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2009;86(3):199–207. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2009.09.00919815303
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SuJ, LiSJ, ChenZH, et al. Evaluation of podocyte lesion in patients with diabetic nephropathy: wilms’ tumor-1 protein used as a podocyte marker. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2010;87(2):167–175. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2009.10.02219969384
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PengL, LiJ, XuY, et al. The protective effect of beraprost sodium on diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting inflammation and p38 MAPK signaling pathway in High-Fat Diet/Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Int J Endocrinol. 2016;2016:1690474. doi:10.1155/2016/169047427212945
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WatanabeM, NakashimaH, MochizukiS, et al. Amelioration of diabetic nephropathy in OLETF rats by prostaglandin I(2) analog, beraprost sodium. Am J Nephrol. 2009;30(1):1–11. doi:10.1159/00019572219158439
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SatoN, KanekoM, TamuraM, KurumataniH. The prostacyclin analog beraprost sodium ameliorates characteristics of metabolic syndrome in obese Zucker (fatty) rats. Diabetes. 2010;59(4):1092–1100. doi:10.2337/db09-143220068136
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OwadaA, SudaS, HataT. Effect of long-term administration of prostaglandin I(2) in incipient diabetic nephropathy. Nephron. 2002;92(4):788–796. doi:10.1159/00006544512399622
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MundelP, KrizW. Structure and function of podocytes: an update. Anat Embryol (Berl). 1995;192(5):385–397. doi:10.1007/BF002403718546330
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• AsanumaK, MundelP. The role of podocytes in glomerular pathobiology. Clin Exp Nephrol. 2003;7(4):255–259. doi:10.1007/s10157-003-0259-614712353
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KrizW, GretzN, LemleyKV. Progression of glomerular diseases: is the podocyte the culprit? Kidney Int. 1998;54(3):687–697. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00044.x9734594
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ReidyK, SusztakK. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and podocyte loss in diabetic kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis. 2009;54(4):590–593. doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2009.07.00319781451
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YamaguchiY, IwanoM, SuzukiD, et al. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition as a potential explanation for podocyte depletion in diabetic nephropathy. Am J Kidney Dis. 2009;54(4):653–664. doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2009.05.00919615802
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YingQ, WuG. Molecular mechanisms involved in podocyte EMT and concomitant diabetic kidney diseases: an update. Ren Fail. 2017;39(1):474–483. doi:10.1080/0886022X.2017.131316428413908
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LiY, KangYS, DaiC, KissLP, WenX, LiuY. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is a potential pathway leading to podocyte dysfunction and proteinuria. Am J Pathol. 2008;172(2):299–308. doi:10.2353/ajpath.2008.07005718202193
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ChangYP, SunB, HanZ, et al. Saxagliptin Attenuates Albuminuria by Inhibiting Podocyte Epithelial- to-Mesenchymal Transition via SDF-1alpha in Diabetic Nephropathy. Front Pharmacol. 2017;8:780. doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.0078029163166
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WuX, GaoY, XuL, et al. Exosomes from high glucose-treated glomerular endothelial cells trigger the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and dysfunction of podocytes. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):9371. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-09907-628839221
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CleversH, NusseR. Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and disease. Cell. 2012;149(6):1192–1205. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.05.01222682243
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DaiC, StolzDB, KissLP, MongaSP, HolzmanLB, LiuY. Wnt/beta-catenin signaling promotes podocyte dysfunction and albuminuria. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009;20(9):1997–2008. doi:10.1681/ASN.200901001919628668
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BoseM, AlmasS, PrabhakarS. Wnt signaling and podocyte dysfunction in diabetic nephropathy. J Investig Med. 2017;65(8):1093–1101. doi:10.1136/jim-2017-000456
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GuoJ, XiaN, YangL, et al. GSK-3beta and vitamin D receptor are involved in beta-catenin and snail signaling in high glucose-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of mouse podocytes. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2014;33(4):1087–1096. doi:10.1159/00035867824732862
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• ZhouL, LiuY. Wnt/beta-catenin signalling and podocyte dysfunction in proteinuric kidney disease. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2015;11(9):535–545. doi:10.1038/nrneph.2015.8826055352
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SongH, WangP, LiuJ, WangC. Panax notoginseng Preparations for Unstable Angina Pectoris: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Phytother Res. 2017;31(8):1162–1172. doi:10.1002/ptr.v31.828634988
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GurleySB, ClareSE, SnowKP, HuA, MeyerTW, CoffmanTM. Impact of genetic background on nephropathy in diabetic mice. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2006;290(1):F214–F222. doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00204.200516118394
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ChowBSM, AllenTJ. Mouse models for studying diabetic nephropathy. Curr Protoc Mouse Biol. 2015;5(2):85–94. doi:10.1002/9780470942390.mo14019226069079
   PubMedGoogle Scholar