Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation to Reveal the Pharmacological Mechanisms of Liuwei Dihuang Decoction Against Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

References

• ChenotJF, GreitemannB, KladnyB, PetzkeF, PfingstenM, SchorrSG. Non-specific low back pain. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2017;114(51–52):883–890. doi:10.3238/arztebl.2017.088329321099
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van HoofW, O’SullivanK, O’KeeffeM, VerschuerenS, O’SullivanP, DankaertsW. The efficacy of interventions for low back pain in nurses: a systematic review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2018;77:222–231. doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.10.01529121556
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MolladavoodiS, McMorranJ, GregoryD. Mechanobiology of annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus cells in intervertebral discs. Cell Tissue Res. 2020;379(3):429–444. doi:10.1007/s00441-019-03136-131844969
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SunZ, WangHQ, LiuZH, et al. Down-regulated CK8 expression in human intervertebral disc degeneration. Int J Med Sci. 2013;10(8):948–956. doi:10.7150/ijms.564223801880
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TaylorS, BishopA. Patient and public beliefs about the role of imaging in the management of non-specific low back pain: a scoping review. Physiotherapy. 2020;107:224–233. doi:10.1016/j.physio.2019.08.01432026824
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CazzanelliP, Wuertz-KozakK. MicroRNAs in intervertebral disc degeneration, apoptosis, inflammation, and mechanobiology. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21:10. doi:10.3390/ijms21103601
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LyuFJ, CuiH, PanH, et al. Painful intervertebral disc degeneration and inflammation: from laboratory evidence to clinical interventions. Bone Res. 2021;9(1):7. doi:10.1038/s41413-020-00125-x33514693
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CastilloER, LiebermanDE. Lower back pain. Evol Med Public Health. 2015;2015(1):2–3. doi:10.1093/emph/eou03425577608
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• LuoY, HuangJ, XuL, ZhaoW, HaoJ, HuZ. Efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine for lumbar disc herniation: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Tradit Chin Med. 2013;33(6):721–726. doi:10.1016/S0254-6272(14)60003-024660602
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GeJR, XieLH, ChenJ, et al. Liuwei Dihuang Pill () Treats Postmenopausal Osteoporosis with Shen (Kidney) Yin Deficiency via Janus Kinase/Signal transducer and activator of transcription signal pathway by up-regulating cardiotrophin-like Cytokine Factor 1 expression. Chin J Integr Med. 2018;24(6):415–422. doi:10.1007/s11655-016-2744-228028720
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZengJ, ZhangX, WangJ, ChengX, ZhangY, ZhouW. Comparison of donepezil, memantine, melatonin, and liuwei dihuang decoction on behavioral and immune endocrine responses of aged senescence-accelerated mouse resistant 1 mice. Front Pharmacol. 2020;11:350. doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.0035032477103
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HeD, HuangJH, ZhangZY, et al. A network pharmacology-based strategy for predicting active ingredients and potential targets of LiuWei DiHuang pill in treating Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2019;13:3989–4005. doi:10.2147/DDDT.S216644
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AnL, LinY, LiL, et al. Integrating network pharmacology and experimental validation to investigate the effects and mechanism of astragalus flavonoids against hepatic fibrosis. Front Pharmacol. 2020;11:618262. doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.61826233551818
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ShiH, DongC, WangM, et al. Exploring the mechanism of Yizhi Tongmai decoction in the treatment of vascular dementia through network pharmacology and molecular docking. Ann Transl Med. 2021;9(2):164. doi:10.21037/atm-20-816533569466
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZhaoL, GuoR, CaoN, et al. An integrative pharmacology-based pattern to uncover the pharmacological mechanism of ginsenoside H dripping pills in the treatment of depression. Front Pharmacol. 2020;11:590457. doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.59045733658934
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GuoC, KangX, CaoF, et al. Network pharmacology and molecular docking on the molecular mechanism of Luo-hua-zi-zhu (LHZZ) granule in the prevention and treatment of bowel precancerous lesions. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:629021. doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.62902133692692
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LiuJ, LiuJ, TongX, et al. Network pharmacology prediction and molecular docking-based strategy to discover the potential pharmacological mechanism of Huai Hua San against ulcerative colitis. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2021;15:3255–3276. doi:10.2147/DDDT.S319786
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• XiaH, LiuJ, YangW, et al. Integrated strategy of network pharmacological prediction and experimental validation elucidate possible mechanism of Bu-Yang herbs in treating postmenopausal osteoporosis via ESR1. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:654714. doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.65471434045964
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RuJ, LiP, WangJ, et al. TCMSP: a database of systems pharmacology for drug discovery from herbal medicines. J Cheminform. 2014;6:13. doi:10.1186/1758-2946-6-1324735618
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FengW, AoH, YueS, PengC. Systems pharmacology reveals the unique mechanism features of Shenzhu Capsule for treatment of ulcerative colitis in comparison with synthetic drugs. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):16160. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-34509-130385774
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UniProtC. UniProt: a worldwide hub of protein knowledge. Nucleic Acids Res. 2019;47(D1):D506–D515.30395287
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• StelzerG, DalahI, SteinTI, et al. In-silico human genomics with GeneCards. Hum Genomics. 2011;5(6):709–717. doi:10.1186/1479-7364-5-6-70922155609
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• AmbergerJS, BocchiniCA, SchiettecatteF, ScottAF, HamoshA. OMIM.org: online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM(R)), an online catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Nucleic Acids Res. 2015;43(Databaseissue):D789–798. doi:10.1093/nar/gku120525428349
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WishartDS, FeunangYD, GuoAC, et al. DrugBank 5.0: a major update to the DrugBank database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018;46(D1):D1074–D1082. doi:10.1093/nar/gkx103729126136
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BarbarinoJM, Whirl-CarrilloM, AltmanRB, KleinTE. PharmGKB: a worldwide resource for pharmacogenomic information. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Syst Biol Med. 2018;10(4):e1417. doi:10.1002/wsbm.141729474005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SzklarczykD, MorrisJH, CookH, et al. The STRING database in 2017: quality-controlled protein-protein association networks, made broadly accessible. Nucleic Acids Res. 2017;45(D1):D362–D368. doi:10.1093/nar/gkw93727924014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LiQ, HuS, HuangL, ZhangJ, CaoG. Evaluating the therapeutic mechanisms of selected active compounds in Cornus officinalis and Paeonia lactiflora in rheumatoid arthritis via network pharmacology analysis. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:648037. doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.64803733967784
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FuF, BaoR, YaoS, et al. Aberrant spinal mechanical loading stress triggers intervertebral disc degeneration by inducing pyroptosis and nerve ingrowth. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):772. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-80756-633437038
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YuH, YaoS, ZhouC, et al. Morroniside attenuates apoptosis and pyroptosis of chondrocytes and ameliorates osteoarthritic development by inhibiting NF-kappaB signaling. J Ethnopharmacol. 2021;266:113447. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2020.11344733022338
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PatilP, NiedernhoferLJ, RobbinsPD, LeeJ, SowaG, VoN. Cellular senescence in intervertebral disc aging and degeneration. Curr Mol Biol Rep. 2018;4(4):180–190. doi:10.1007/s40610-018-0108-830473991
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• DriscollT, JacklynG, OrchardJ, et al. The global burden of occupationally related low back pain: estimates from the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014;73(6):975–981. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-20463124665117
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FosterNE, AnemaJR, CherkinD, et al. Prevention and treatment of low back pain: evidence, challenges, and promising directions. The Lancet. 2018;391(10137):2368–2383. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30489-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YangG, WangY, ZengY, et al. Rapid health transition in China, 1990–2010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. The Lancet. 2013;381(9882):1987–2015. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61097-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GeJ, ChengX, YanQ, et al. Calcitonin inhibits intervertebral disc degeneration by regulating protein kinase C. J Cell Mol Med. 2020;24(15):8650–8661. doi:10.1111/jcmm.1549632564456
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LiS, ZhangB. Traditional Chinese medicine network pharmacology: theory, methodology and application. Chin J Nat Med. 2013;11(2):110–120. doi:10.1016/S1875-5364(13)60037-023787177
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WangD, HeX, WangD, et al. Quercetin suppresses apoptosis and attenuates intervertebral disc degeneration via the SIRT1-autophagy pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020;8:613006. doi:10.3389/fcell.2020.61300633363176
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RenJ, LuY, QianY, ChenB, WuT, JiG. Recent progress regarding kaempferol for the treatment of various diseases. Exp Ther Med. 2019;18(4):2759–2776. doi:10.3892/etm.2019.788631572524
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SudoH, MinamiA. Caspase 3 as a therapeutic target for regulation of intervertebral disc degeneration in rabbits. Arthritis Rheum. 2011;63(6):1648–1657. doi:10.1002/art.3025121305515
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OhnishiT, YamadaK, IwasakiK, et al. Caspase-3 knockout inhibits intervertebral disc degeneration related to injury but accelerates degeneration related to aging. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):19324. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-55709-331852919
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZhangK, ZhangY, ZhangC, ZhuL. Upregulation of P53 promotes nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis in intervertebral disc degeneration through upregulating NDRG2. Cell Biol Int. 2021;45(9):1966–1975. doi:10.1002/cbin.1165034051015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KeplerCK, MarkovaDZ, DibraF, et al. Expression and relationship of proinflammatory chemokine RANTES/CCL5 and cytokine IL-1β in painful human intervertebral discs. Spine. 2013;38(11):873–880. doi:10.1097/BRS.0b013e318285ae0823660804
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WangK, ChenT, YingX, et al. Ligustilide alleviated IL-1β induced apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation of nucleus pulposus cells and attenuates intervertebral disc degeneration in vivo. Int Immunopharmacol. 2019;69:398–407. doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2019.01.00430785069
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JiangY, XieZ, YuJ, FuL. Resveratrol inhibits IL-1β-mediated nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis through regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway. Biosci Rep. 2019;39:3. doi:10.1042/BSR20190043
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LongJ, WangX, DuX, et al. JAG2/Notch2 inhibits intervertebral disc degeneration by modulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix. Arthritis Res Ther. 2019;21(1):213. doi:10.1186/s13075-019-1990-z31619270
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MajtnerovaP, RousarT. An overview of apoptosis assays detecting DNA fragmentation. Mol Biol Rep. 2018;45(5):1469–1478. doi:10.1007/s11033-018-4258-930022463
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SudoH, MinamiA. Caspase 3 as a therapeutic target for regulation of intervertebral disc degeneration in rabbits. Arthritis Rheum-Us. 2011;63(6):1648–1657.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HuB, ZhangS, LiuW, et al. Inhibiting heat shock protein 90 protects nucleus pulposus-derived stem/progenitor cells from compression-induced necroptosis and apoptosis. Front Cell Devel Biol. 2020;8:685. doi:10.3389/fcell.2020.0068532850811
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• XieL, HuangW, FangZ, et al. CircERCC2 ameliorated intervertebral disc degeneration by regulating mitophagy and apoptosis through miR-182-5p/SIRT1 axis. Cell Death Dis. 2019;10(10):751. doi:10.1038/s41419-019-1978-231582722
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar