The new concepts on overcoming drug resistance in lung cancer

References

• Molina JR Yang P Cassivi SD Schild SE Adjei AA Non-small cell lung cancer: epidemiology, risk factors, treatment, and survivorship Mayo Clin Proc 2008 83 584 594 18452692
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Travis WD Brambilla E Noguchi M International association for the study of lung cancer/american thoracic society/european respiratory society international multidisciplinary classification of lung adenocarcinoma J Thorac Oncol 2011 6 2 244 285 21252716
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stewart DJ Johnson C Lopez A Glisson B Rhee JM Bekele BN Extensive disease small cell lung cancer dose-response relationships: implications for resistance mechanisms J Thorac Oncol 2010 5 11 1826 1834 20881640
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Almeida GM Duarte TL Farmer PB Steward WP Jones GD Multiple end-point analysis reveals cisplatin damage tolerance to be a chemoresistance mechanism in a NSCLC model: implications for predictive testing Int J Cancer 2008 122 8 1810 1819 18074354
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donev IS Wang W Yamada T Transient PI3K inhibition induces apoptosis and overcomes HGF-mediated resistance to EGFR-TKIs in EGFR mutant lung cancer Clin Cancer Res 2011 17 8 2260 2269 21220474
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garofalo M Romano G Di Leva G EGFR and MET receptor tyrosine kinase-altered microRNA expression induces tumorigenesis and gefitinib resistance in lung cancers Nat Med 2012 18 1 74 82 22157681
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Catuogno S Cerchia L Romano G Pognonec P Condorelli G de Franciscis V miR-34c may protect lung cancer cells from paclitaxel-induced apoptosis Oncogene 2013 32 3 341 351 22370637
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romano G Acunzo M Garofalo M MiR-494 is regulated by ERK1/2 and modulates TRAIL-induced apoptosis in non-small-cell lung cancer through BIM down-regulation Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012 109 41 16570 16575 23012423
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrison R Schleicher SM Sun Y Targeting the mechanisms of resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy with the cancer stem cell hypothesis J Oncol 2011 2011 941876 20981352
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Eberhard DA Johnson BE Amler LC Mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor and in KRAS are predictive and prognostic indicators in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer treated with chemotherapy alone and in combination with erlotinib J Clin Oncol 2005 23 25 5900 5909 16043828
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milella M Nuzzo C Bria E EGFR molecular profiling in advanced NSCLC: a prospective phase II study in molecularly/clinically selected patients pretreated with chemotherapy J Thorac Oncol 2012 7 4 672 680 22425916
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu S Wang Y Li J Gefitinib versus erlotinib as salvage treatment for lung adenocarcinoma patients who benefited from the initial gefitinib: A retrospective study Thoracic Cancer 2013 4 2 109 116
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freitas DP Teixeira CA Santos-Silva F Vasconcelos MH Almeida GM Therapy-induced enrichment of putative lung cancer stem-like cells Int J Cancer 2014 134 6 1270 1278 24105655
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li J Qu L Wei X Clinical observation of EGFR-TKI as a first-line therapy on advanced non-small cell lung cancer Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi 2012 15 5 299 304 Chinese 22613337
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Huang Z Wang Z Bai H The detection of EGFR mutation status in plasma is reproducible and can dynamically predict the efficacy of EGFR-TKI Thoracic Cancer 2012 3 4 334 340
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li R Lou Y Zhang Y Clinical analysis of Gefitinib in the treatment of stage IV lung adenocarcinoma with unknown EGFR gene mutations Thoracic Cancer 2013 4 4 433 439
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antonicelli A Cafarotti S Indini A EGFR-targeted therapy for non-small cell lung cancer: focus on EGFR oncogenic mutation Int J Med Sci 2013 10 3 320 330 23423768
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mok TS Wu YL Thongprasert S Gefitinib or carboplatin-paclitaxel in pulmonary adenocarcinoma N Engl J Med 2009 361 10 947 957 19692680
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maemondo M Inoue A Kobayashi K Gefitinib or chemotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer with mutated EGFR N Engl J Med 2010 362 25 2380 2388 20573926
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thongprasert S Duffield E Saijo N Health-related quality-of-life in a randomized phase III first-line study of gefitinib versus carboplatin/paclitaxel in clinically selected patients from Asia with advanced NSCLC (IPASS) J Thorac Oncol 2011 6 11 1872 1880 22011650
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshimura N Okishio K Mitsuoka S Prospective assessment of continuation of erlotinib or gefitinib in patients with acquired resistance to erlotinib or gefitinib followed by the addition of pemetrexed J Thorac Oncol 2013 8 1 96 101 23207920
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson ML Riely GJ Rizvi NA Phase II trial of dasatinib for patients with acquired resistance to treatment with the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors erlotinib or gefitinib J Thorac Oncol 2011 6 6 1128 1131 21623279
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gadgeel SM Ruckdeschel JC Heath EI Heilbrun LK Venkatramanamoorthy R Wozniak A Phase II study of gefitinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), and celecoxib, a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, in patients with platinum refractory non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) J Thorac Oncol 2007 2 4 299 305 17409801
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reckamp KL Krysan K Morrow JD A phase I trial to determine the optimal biological dose of celecoxib when combined with erlotinib in advanced non-small cell lung cancer Clin Cancer Res 2006 12 11 Pt 1 3381 3388 16740761
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bivona TG Hieronymus H Parker J FAS and NF-κB signalling modulate dependence of lung cancers on mutant EGFR Nature 2011 471 7339 523 526 21430781
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kadara H Shen L Fujimoto J Characterizing the molecular spatial and temporal field of injury in early-stage smoker non-small cell lung cancer patients after definitive surgery by expression profiling Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2013 6 1 8 17 23087048
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tarhini A Kotsakis A Gooding W Phase II study of everolimus (RAD001) in previously treated small cell lung cancer Clin Cancer Res 2010 16 23 5900 5907 21045083
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nurwidya F Takahashi F Takahashi K Meeting report: Current cancer perspectives from the 9th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society of Medical Oncology Thoracic Cancer 2012 3 1 94 97
   Google Scholar
• Yun CH Mengwasser KE Toms AV The T790M mutation in EGFR kinase causes drug resistance by increasing the affinity for ATP Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008 105 6 2070 2075 18227510
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oxnard GR Arcila ME Chmielecki J Ladanyi M Miller VA Pao W New strategies in overcoming acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in lung cancer Clin Cancer Res 2011 17 17 5530 5537 21775534
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller VA Hirsh V Cadranel J Afatinib versus placebo for patients with advanced, metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer after failure of erlotinib, gefitinib, or both, and one or two lines of chemotherapy (LUX-Lung 1): a phase 2b/3 randomised trial Lancet Oncol 2012 13 5 528 538 22452896
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engelman JA Zejnullahu K Gale CM PF00299804, an irreversible pan-ERBB inhibitor, is effective in lung cancer models with EGFR and ERBB2 mutations that are resistant to gefitinib Cancer Res 2007 67 24 11924 11932 18089823
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greulich H Chen TH Feng W Oncogenic transformation by inhibitor-sensitive and -resistant EGFR mutants PLoS Med 2005 2 11 e313 16187797
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerecitano J Gounder S Teruya-Feldstein J Tissue microarray analysis reveals protein expression patterns and potential biomarkers of clinical benefit to bortezomib in relapsed/refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma Br J Haematol 2012 158 2 290 292 22533368
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oxnard GR Miller VA Robson ME Screening for germline EGFR T790M mutations through lung cancer genotyping J Thorac Oncol 2012 7 6 1049 1052 22588155
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sasaki H Endo K Takada M EGFR exon 20 insertion mutation in Japanese lung cancer Lung Cancer 2007 58 3 324 328 17686547
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su Z Dias-Santagata D Duke M A platform for rapid detection of multiple oncogenic mutations with relevance to targeted therapy in non-small-cell lung cancer J Mol Diagn 2011 13 1 74 84 21227397
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohashi K Sequist LV Arcila ME Lung cancers with acquired resistance to EGFR inhibitors occasionally harbor BRAF gene mutations but lack mutations in KRAS, NRAS, or MEK1 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012 109 31 E2127 E2133 22773810
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D’Angelo SP Janjigian YY Ahye N Distinct clinical course of EGFR-mutant resected lung cancers: results of testing of 1118 surgical specimens and effects of adjuvant gefitinib and erlotinib J Thorac Oncol 2012 7 12 1815 1822 23154553
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reungwetwattana T Dy GK Targeted therapies in development for non-small cell lung cancer J Carcinog 2013 12 22 24574860
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rodriguez A Griffiths-Jones S Ashurst JL Bradley A Identification of mammalian microRNA host genes and transcription units Genome Res 2004 14 10A 1902 1910 15364901
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar R Xi Y MicroRNA, epigenetic machinery and lung cancer Thoracic Cancer 2011 2 2 35 44
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu J Getz G Miska EA MicroRNA expression profiles classify human cancers Nature 2005 435 7043 834 838 15944708
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernstein E Kim SY Carmell MA Dicer is essential for mouse development Nat Genet 2003 35 3 215 217 14528307
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar MS Lu J Mercer KL Golub TR Jacks T Impaired microRNA processing enhances cellular transformation and tumorigenesis Nat Genet 2007 39 5 673 677 17401365
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calin GA Sevignani C Dumitru CD Human microRNA genes are frequently located at fragile sites and genomic regions involved in cancers Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004 101 9 2999 3004 14973191
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galluzzi L Kepp O Kroemer G A new role for cytoplasmic p53: binding and destroying double–stranded RNA Cell Cycle 2010 9 13 2491 2492 20647755
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ranade AR Cherba D Sridhar S MicroRNA 92a-2*: a biomarker predictive for chemoresistance and prognostic for survival in patients with small cell lung cancer J Thorac Oncol 2010 5 8 1273 1278 20548249
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yanaihara N Caplen N Bowman E Unique microRNA molecular profiles in lung cancer diagnosis and prognosis Cancer Cell 2006 9 3 189 198 16530703
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva J García V Zaballos Á Vesicle-related microRNAs in plasma of nonsmall cell lung cancer patients and correlation with survival Eur Respir J 2011 37 3 617 623 20595154
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corsten MF Miranda R Kasmieh R Krichevsky AM Weissleder R Shah K MicroRNA-21 knockdown disrupts glioma growth in vivo and displays synergistic cytotoxicity with neural precursor cell delivered S-TRAIL in human gliomas Cancer Res 2007 67 19 8994 9000 17908999
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asangani IA Rasheed SA Nikolova DA MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) post-transcriptionally downregulates tumor suppressor Pdcd4 and stimulates invasion, intravasation and metastasis in colorectal cancer Oncogene 2008 27 15 2128 2136 17968323
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ribas J Ni X Haffner M miR-21: an androgen receptor-regulated microRNA that promotes hormone-dependent and hormone-independent prostate cancer growth Cancer Res 2009 69 18 7165 7169 19738047
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seike M Goto A Okano T MiR-21 is an EGFR-regulated anti-apoptotic factor in lung cancer in never-smokers Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009 106 29 12085 12090 19597153
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu X Sempere LF Ouyang H MicroRNA-31 functions as an oncogenic microRNA in mouse and human lung cancer cells by repressing specific tumor suppressors J Clin Invest 2010 120 4 1298 1309 20237410
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma Y Fiering S Black C Transgenic cyclin E triggers dysplasia and multiple pulmonary adenocarcinomas Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007 104 10 4089 4094 17360482
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inamura K Togashi Y Nomura K let-7 microRNA expression is reduced in bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, a non-invasive carcinoma, and is not correlated with prognosis Lung Cancer 2007 58 3 392 396 17728006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takamizawa J Konishi H Yanagisawa K Reduced expression of the let-7 microRNAs in human lung cancers in association with shortened postoperative survival Cancer Res 2004 64 11 3753 3756 15172979
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raponi M Dossey L Jatkoe T MicroRNA classifiers for predicting prognosis of squamous cell lung cancer Cancer Res 2009 69 14 5776 5783 19584273
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lodygin D Tarasov V Epanchintsev A Inactivation of miR-34a by aberrant CpG methylation in multiple types of cancer Cell Cycle 2008 7 16 2591 2600 18719384
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He L Thomson JM Hemann MT A microRNA polycistron as a potential human oncogene Nature 2005 435 7043 828 833 15944707
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corney DC Flesken-Nikitin A Godwin AK Wang W Nikitin AY MicroRNA-34b and MicroRNA-34c are targets of p53 and cooperate in control of cell proliferation and adhesion-independent growth Cancer Res 2007 67 18 8433 8438 17823410
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Welch C Chen Y Stallings RL MicroRNA-34a functions as a potential tumor suppressor by inducing apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells Oncogene 2007 26 34 5017 5022 17297439
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zenz T Mohr J Eldering E miR-34a as part of the resistance network in chronic lymphocytic leukemia Blood 2009 113 16 3801 3808 18941118
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elmén J Lindow M Silahtaroglu A Antagonism of microRNA-122 in mice by systemically administered LNA-antimiR leads to up-regulation of a large set of predicted target mRNAs in the liver Nucleic Acids Res 2008 36 4 1153 1162 18158304
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elmén J Lindow M Schütz S LNA-mediated microRNA silencing in non-human primates Nature 2008 452 7189 896 899 18368051
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiggins JF Ruffino L Kelnar K Development of a lung cancer therapeutic based on the tumor suppressor microRNA-34 Cancer Res 2010 70 14 5923 5930 20570894
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trang P Medina PP Wiggins JF Regression of murine lung tumors by the let-7 microRNA Oncogene 2010 29 11 1580 1587 19966857
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reya T Morrison SJ Clarke MF Weissman IL Stem cells, cancer, and cancer stem cells Nature 2001 414 6859 105 111 11689955
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sullivan JP Minna JD Shay JW Evidence for self-renewing lung cancer stem cells and their implications in tumor initiation, progression, and targeted therapy Cancer Metastasis Rev 2010 29 1 61 72 20094757
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraire AE Roggli VL Vollmer RT Lung cancer heterogeneity. Prognostic implications Cancer 1987 60 3 370 375 3594372
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Long H Zhang S Liu C Characterization of a stem cell population in lung cancer cell line Glc-82 Thoracic Cancer 2012 3 1 8 18
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomasetti C Levy D Role of symmetric and asymmetric division of stem cells in developing drug resistance Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010 107 39 16766 16771 20826440
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lord CJ Ashworth A The DNA damage response and cancer therapy Nature 2012 481 7381 287 294 22258607
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saini V Shoemaker RH Potential for therapeutic targeting of tumor stem cells Cancer Sci 2010 101 1 16 21 19860850
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dey-Guha I Wolfer A Yeh AC Asymmetric cancer cell division regulated by AKT Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011 108 31 12845 12850 21757645
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ota S Ishii G Goto K Immunohistochemical expression of BCRP and ERCC1 in biopsy specimen predicts survival in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy Lung Cancer 2009 64 1 98 104 18823676
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salnikov AV Gladkich J Moldenhauer G Volm M Mattern J Herr I CD133 is indicative for a resistance phenotype but does not represent a prognostic marker for survival of non-small cell lung cancer patients Int J Cancer 2010 126 4 950 958 19676044
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gottschling S Schnabel PA Herth FJ Herpel E Are we missing the target? Cancer stem cells and drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2012 9 5 275 286 22990107
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanahan D Weinberg RA Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation Cell 2011 144 5 646 674 21376230
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferlay J Shin HR Bray F Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008 Int J Cancer 2010 127 12 2893 2917 21351269
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar