Challenges of Access to Oral Morphine Medicine: Palliative Care at a Crossroads for Cancer Patients in Ethiopia

References

• World Health Organisation. Palliative care. Available from: http://www.who.int/cancer/palliative/definition/en/. Accessed May 22, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• The International Association for Hospice and Palliative Care (IAHPC). IAHPC list of essential medicines for palliative care; 2023. Available from: https://hospicecare.com/what-we-do/projects/palliative-care-essentials/iahpc-essential-medicines-for-palliative-care/. Accessed May 22, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Integrating palliative care and symptom relief into primary health care: a WHO guide for planners, implementers and managers. World Health Organization; 2018. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/274559. Accessed May 22, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Bates J, Gwyther L, Dinat N. Morphine: friend or foe? Malawi Med J. 2008;20(4):112–114. doi:10.4314/mmj.v20i4.10977
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beusekom MV. Countries face shortages of drugs, some for life-threatening conditions; 2022. Available from: https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/countries-face-shortages-drugs-some-life-threatening-conditions. Accessed May 22, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Logie DE, Harding R. An evaluation of a morphine public health programme for cancer and AIDS pain relief in Sub-Saharan Africa. BMC Public Health. 2005;5:82. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-5-82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Awedew AF, Asefa Z, Belay WB. National burden and trend of cancer in Ethiopia, 2010–2019: a systemic analysis for Global burden of disease study. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):12736. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-17128-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haileselassie W, Mulugeta T, Tigeneh W, Kaba M, Labisso WL. The situation of cancer treatment in Ethiopia: challenges and opportunities. J Cancer Prev. 2019;24(1):33–42. doi:10.15430/JCP.2019.24.1.33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ethiopian Federal Minstry of Health. National cancer control plan 2016; 2020. Available from: https://www.iccp-portal.org/sites/default/files/plans/NCCP%20Ethiopia%20Final%20261015.pdf. Accessed May 22, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Dereje N, Gebremariam A, Addissie A, et al. Factors associated with advanced stage at diagnosis of cervical cancer in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a population-based study. BMJ Open. 2020;10(10):1–5. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040645
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yifru S, Muluye D. Childhood cancer in Gondar University Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes. 2015;8:474. doi:10.1186/s13104-015-1440-1
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• American Cancer Society. Cancer facts & figures 2022; 2022. Available from: https://www.cancer.org/research/cancer-facts-statistics/all-cancer-facts-figures/cancer-facts-figures-2022.html. Accessed May 22, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Mathews J, Hannon B, Zimmermann C. Models of integration of specialized palliative care with oncology. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2021;22(5):44. doi:10.1007/s11864-021-00836-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Palliative care fact sheets. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/palliative-care. Accessed May 22, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Sasaki H, Bouesseau MC, Marston J, et al. A scoping review of palliative care for children in low- and middle-income countries. BMC Palliat Care. 2017;16(1):60. doi:10.1186/s12904-017-0242-8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Reid KJ, Harker J, Bala MM, et al. Epidemiology of chronic non-cancer pain in Europe: narrative review of prevalence, pain treatments and pain impact. Curr Med Res Opin. 2011;27(2):449–462. doi:10.1185/03007995.2010.545813
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis MP, Walsh D. Epidemiology of cancer pain and factors influencing poor pain control. Am J Hosp Palliat Med. 2004;21(2):137–142. doi:10.1177/104990910402100213
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Qian Y, Haider A, Lu Z, et al. Factors associated with improvement in uncontrolled cancer pain without increasing the opioid daily dose among patients seen by an inpatient palliative care team. J Palliat Med. 2020;23(4):483–488. doi:10.1089/jpm.2019.0243
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tegegn HG, Gebreyohannes EA. Cancer pain management and pain interference with daily functioning among cancer patients in Gondar University hospital. Pain Res Manag. 2017;2017:5698640. doi:10.1155/2017/5698640
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kassa H, Murugan R, Zewdu F, et al. Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice and associated factors towards palliative care among nurses working in selected hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. BMC Palliat Care. 2014;13(1). doi:10.1186/1472-684X-13-6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sharma R. Providing palliative home care during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in India. Indian J Palliat Care. 2020;26(5):S56–S57. doi:10.4103/IJPC.IJPC_148_20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koch A, Mantzouris S. Nurses’ role in providing comprehensive communication, prognostication, and palliative care during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Hosp Palliat Nurs. 2020;22(6):442–446. doi:10.1097/NJH.0000000000000703
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bovero A, Tosi C. Hospice palliative care professionals’ opinions, emotions, skills and ethical reflections during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Palliat Nurs. 2022;28(1):4–14. doi:10.12968/ijpn.2022.28.1.4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu J, Wang C, Chen X, et al. Evaluation of pharmacist interventions as part of a multidisciplinary cancer pain management team in a Chinese academic medical center. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2020;60(1):76–80. doi:10.1016/j.japh.2019.09.005
   Google Scholar
• Ethiopian Federal Ministry of Health. National palliative care guideline; 2016. Avaiable from: https://ethiopiapalliativecare.wordpress.com/blog-2/palliative-care-guidelines/. Accessed May 22, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• International Narcotics Control Board. Report of the International narcotics control board for 2004. Available from: https://www.incb.org/incb/en/publications/annual-reports/annual-report-2004.html. Accessed May 22, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Ethiopian Food and Drug Authority. Ethiopian essential medicines list; 2020. Available from: http://www.fmhaca.gov.et/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/EML-sixth-edition.pdf. Accessed May 22, 2023.
   Google Scholar