743
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Prevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression Among Internally Displaced Persons in Mogadishu-Somalia

, , &
Pages 469-478 | Received 30 Nov 2022, Accepted 22 Feb 2023, Published online: 28 Feb 2023

References

  • UNHCR. Handbook for the protection of internally displaced persons; 2010. Available from: https://www.unhcr.org/4c2355229.pdf. Accessed February 22, 2023.
  • Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre. Internal displacement in a changing climate; 2022. Available from: https://www.internal-displacement.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/grid2021_idmc.pdf. Accessed April 29, 2022.
  • United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. Somali humanitarian needs overview; 2018. Available from: https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/sites/www.humanitarianresponse.info/files/documents/files/20172911_somalia_humanitarian_needs_overview_2018.pdf. Accessed February 22, 2023.
  • IDMC. UnSettlement: Urban Displacement in the 21st Century Thematic Series City of Flight New and Secondary Displacements in Mogadishu, Somalia. IDMC; 2018.
  • UNHCR. Internal displacement profiling in Mogadishu; 2016. Available from: https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/internal-displacement-profiling-mogadishu-april-2016. Accessed February 22, 2023.
  • OCHA. Somalia humanitarian fund annual report 2018; 2018. Available from: https://www.unocha.org/sites/unocha/files/Somalia%20HF%20Annual%20report%202018.pdf. Accessed February 22, 2023.
  • Donner S, Schwarz R. BTI 2018 Country report. 2018.
  • World Health Organization. A situation analysis of mental health in Somalia. Available from: https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/situation-analysis-mental-health-somalia. Accessed February 22, 2023.
  • Roberts B, Makhashvili N, Javakhishvili J, et al. Mental health care utilisation among internally displaced persons in Ukraine: results from a nation-wide survey. LSHTM Res Online. 2017;1–12. doi:10.1017/S2045796017000385
  • Richards A, Ospina-duque J, Barrera-valencia M, et al. Posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety and depression symptoms, and psychosocial treatment needs in Colombians internally displaced by armed conflict: a mixed-method evaluation. Psychol Trauma. 2011;3(4):384–393. DOI:10.1037/a0022257
  • Roberts B, Ocaka KF, Browne J, Oyok T, Sondorp E. Factors associated with post-traumatic stress disorder and depression amongst internally displaced persons in northern Uganda. BMC Psychiatry. 2008;8:1–9. doi:10.1186/1471-244X-8-38
  • Onyut LP, Neuner F, Ertl V, Schauer E, Odenwald M, Elbert T. Trauma, poverty and mental health among Somali and Rwandese refugees living in an African refugee settlement – an epidemiological study. Confl Health. 2009;3(1):1–16. doi:10.1186/1752-1505-3-6
  • Feyera F, Mihretie G, Bedaso A, Gedle D, Kumera G. Prociated factors among Somali refugee at melkadida camp, southeast Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study evalence of depression and ass. BMC Psychiatry. 2015;15(1):1–7. doi:10.1186/s12888-015-0539-1
  • Roberts B, Damundu EY, Lomoro O, Sondorp E. Post-conflict mental health needs: a cross-sectional survey of trauma, depression and associated factors in Juba, Southern Sudan. BMC Psychiatry. 2009;9:1–10. doi:10.1186/1471-244X-9-7
  • Housen T, Lenglet A, Ariti C, et al. Prevalence of anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder in the Kashmir Valley. BMJ Glob Health. 2017;2(4):e000419. doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000419
  • Alpak G, Unal A, Bulbul F, et al. Post-traumatic stress disorder among Syrian refugees in Turkey: a cross-sectional study. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract. 2015;19(1):45–50. doi:10.3109/13651501.2014.961930
  • Husain F, Anderson M, Becknell K, Blanton C, Araki D. Prevalence of war-related mental health in Postwar Jaffna District, Sri Lanka. JAMA. 2011;306(5):522–531.
  • Kish L. Survey Sampling. John Wiley & Sons Inc; 1965.
  • Joint IDP Profiling Service. Internal displacement profiling in Mogadishu report. 2016.
  • Collins G. Thematic guidelines: sampling guidelines for vulnerability analysis. 2004.
  • Mollica RF. The Harvard Trauma Questionnaire: validation a cross-cultural instrument for measuring torture, trauma, and post traumatic stress disorder in refugees. 1992.
  • Berthold SM, Mollica RF, Silove D, Tay AK, Lavelle J. The HTQ-5: revision of the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire for measuring torture, trauma and DSM-5 PTSD symptoms in refugee populations. Eur J Public Health. 2018;1–7. doi:10.1093/eurpub/cky256
  • Parloff MB, Kelman HC, Frank JD. Comfort, effectiveness, and self-awareness as criteria of improvement in psychotherapy. Am J Psychiatr. 1954;111:343–352. doi:10.1176/ajp.111.5.343
  • Oruc L, Kapetanovic A, Pojskic N, et al. International Journal of Culture and Screening for PTSD and depression in Bosnia and Herzegovina: validating the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire and the Hopkins Symptom Checklist. Int J Culture Mental Health. 2009:37–41. doi:10.1080/17542860802456620
  • Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre. Global report on internal displacement; 2020. Available from: https://www.internal-displacement.org/global-report/grid2020/. Accessed February 22, 2023.
  • Makhashvili N, Chikovani I, Mckee M, Bisson J, Patel V, Roberts B. Mental disorders and their association with disability among internally displaced persons and returnees in Georgia. J Trauma Stress. 2014;509–518. doi:10.1002/jts
  • Siriwardhana C, Adikari A, Pannala G, et al. Prolonged internal displacement and common mental disorders in Sri Lanka: the COMRAID study. PLoS One. 2013;8(5):e64742. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0064742
  • Madoro D, Habtamu K, Habtamu Y, et al. Post-traumatic stress disorder and associated factors among internally displaced people in South Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2020;Volume 16:2317–2326. doi:10.2147/NDT.S267307
  • Herbert J, Forman E. Cross-cultural perspectives on posttraumatic stress. In: Rosen G, Frueh B, editors. Clinician’s Guide to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Wiley; 2010:235–261.
  • Kessler RC, Aguilar-Gaxiola S, Alonso J, et al. Trauma and PTSD in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2017;8. doi:10.1080/20008198.2017.1353383
  • Acarturk C, Cetinkaya M, Senay I, Gulen B, Aker T, Hinton D. Prevalence and predictors of posttraumatic stress and depression symptoms among Syrian refugees in a refugee camp. J Nervous Mental Dis. 2017;1–6. doi:10.1097/NMD.0000000000000693
  • Essizoglu A, Keser I. Post-traumatic stress disorder in internally displaced people subjected to displacement by armed forces. J Trauma Stress Disord Treat Res. 2014. doi:10.4172/2324-8947.1000122
  • Mahmood HN, Ibrahim H, Goessmann K, Ismail AA, Neuner F. Post-Traumatic stress disorder and depression among Syrian refugees residing in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. Confl Health. 2019;13(1):1–11. doi:10.1186/s13031-019-0238-5