390
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

EEG Patterns Prior to Motor Activations of Parasomnias: A Systematic Review

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, , ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 713-728 | Published online: 03 Jun 2021

References

  • American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5. American Psychiatric Association; 2013.
  • American Academy of Sleep Medicine. International Classification of Sleep Disorders: Diagnostic and Coding Manual. 3rd ed. 2014.
  • Sateia MJ. International Classification of Sleep Disorders-Third Edition. Chest. 2014;146(5):1387–1394. doi:10.1378/chest.14-0970
  • Rodrigues Brazete J, Montplaisir J, Petit D, et al. Electroencephalogram slowing in rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder is associated with mild cognitive impairment. Sleep Med. 2013;14(11):1059–1063. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2013.06.013
  • Fantini ML, Gagnon J-F, Petit D, et al. Slowing of electroencephalogram in rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder. Ann Neurol. 2003;53(6):774–780. doi:10.1002/ana.10547
  • Montplasir J, Zadra A, Nielsen T, Petit D. Basic science, technical considerations and clinical aspects: fourth edition. Sleep Disord Med. 2017;1–1269.
  • Castelnovo A, Lopez R, Proserpio P, Nobili L, Dauvilliers Y. NREM sleep parasomnias as disorders of sleep-state dissociation. Nat Rev Neurol. 2018;14(8):470–481. doi:10.1038/s41582-018-0030-y
  • Fleetham JA, Fleming JAE. Parasomnias. CMAJ. 2014;186(8):E273–80. doi:10.1503/cmaj.120808
  • Jacobson A, Kales A, Lehmann D, Zweizig JR. Somnambulism: all-night electroencephalographic studies. Science (80-). 1965;148(3672):975–977. doi:10.1126/science.148.3672.975
  • Kavey NB, Whyte J, Resor SR Jr, Gidro-Frank S. Somnambulism in adults. Neurology. 1990;40(5):749–752. doi:10.1212/WNL.40.5.749
  • Zucconi M, Oldani A, Ferini-Strambi L, Smirne S. Arousal fluctuations in non-rapid eye movement parasomnias: the role of cyclic alternating pattern as a measure of sleep instability. J Clin Neurophysiol. 1995;12(2):147–154. doi:10.1097/00004691-199503000-00005
  • Joncas S, Zadra A, Paquet J, Montplaisir J. The value of sleep deprivation as a diagnostic tool in adult sleepwalkers. Neurology. 2002;58(6):936–940. doi:10.1212/WNL.58.6.936
  • Zadra A, Desautels A, Petit D, Montplaisir J. Somnambulism: clinical aspects and pathophysiological hypotheses. Lancet Neurol. 2013;12(3):285–294. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(12)70322-8
  • Blatt I, Peled R, Gadoth N, Lavie P. The value of sleep recording in evaluating somnambulism in young adults. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1991;78(6):407–412. doi:10.1016/0013-4694(91)90058-C
  • Gaudreau H, Joncas S, Zadra A, Montplaisir J. Dynamics of slow-wave activity during the NREM sleep of sleepwalkers and control subjects. Sleep. 2000;23(6):1–6. doi:10.1093/sleep/23.6.1d
  • Guilleminault C, Leger D, Philip P, Ohayon MM. Nocturnal wandering and violence: review of a sleep clinic population. J Forensic Sci. 1998;43(1):16103J. doi:10.1520/JFS16103J
  • Espa F, Dauvilliers Y, Ondze B, Billiard M, Besset A. Arousal reactions in sleepwalking and night terrors in adults: the role of respiratory events. Sleep. 2002;25(8):871–875. doi:10.1093/sleep/25.8.32
  • Lopez R, Jaussent I, Dauvilliers Y. Objective daytime sleepiness in patients with somnambulism or sleep terrors. Neurology. 2014;83(22):2070–2076. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000001019
  • Lopez R, Shen Y, Chenini S, et al. Diagnostic criteria for disorders of arousal: a video-polysomnographic assessment. Ann Neurol. 2018;83(2):341–351. doi:10.1002/ana.25153
  • Espa F, Ondze B, Deglise P, Billiard M, Besset A. Sleep architecture, slow wave activity, and sleep spindles in adult patients with sleepwalking and sleep terrors. Clin Neurophysiol. 2000;111(5):929–939. doi:10.1016/S1388-2457(00)00249-2
  • Guilleminault C, Kirisoglu C, da Rosa AC, Lopes C, Chan A. Sleepwalking, a disorder of NREM sleep instability. SLEEP Med. 2006;7(2):163–170. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2005.12.006
  • Castelnovo A, Riedner BA, Smith RF, Tononi G, Boly M, Benca RM. Scalp and source power topography in sleepwalking and sleep terrors: a high-density EEG Study. Sleep. 2016;39(10):1815–1825. doi:10.5665/sleep.6162
  • Zucconi M, Ferri RB. Assessment of sleep disorders and diagnostic procedures. 1. Classification of sleep disorders. Eur Sleep Res Soc. 2014.
  • Parrino L, Ferri R, Bruni O, Terzano MG. Cyclic alternating pattern (CAP): the marker of sleep instability. Sleep Med Rev. 2012;16(1):27–45. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2011.02.003
  • Broughton R, Billings R, Cartwright R, et al. Homicidal somnambulism: a case report. Sleep. 1994.
  • Crisp AH. The sleepwalking/night terrors syndrome in adults. Postgrad Med J. 1996;72(852):599–604. doi:10.1136/pgmj.72.852.599
  • Kales A, Jacobson A, Paulson MJ, Kales JD, Walter RD. Somnambulism: psychophysiological Correlates: i. All-Night EEG Studies. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1966;14(6):586–594. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1966.01730120026004
  • Keefauver SP, Guilleminault C. Sleep terrors and sleepwalking. Princ Pract Sleep Med Philadelphia WB Saunders. 1994;567–573.
  • Crisp AH, Matthews BM, Oakey M, Crutchfield M. Sleepwalking, night terrors, and consciousness. Br Med J. 1990;300:360–362. doi:10.1136/bmj.300.6721.360
  • Halász P, Ujszászi J, Gádoros J. Are microarousals preceded by electroencephalographic slow wave synchronization precursors of confusional awakenings? Sleep. 1985;8(3):231–238. doi:10.1093/sleep/8.3.231
  • Szelenberger W, Niemcewicz S, Dabrowska AJ. Sleepwalking and night terrors: psychopathological and psychophysiological correlates. Int Rev Psychiatry. 2005;17(4):263–270. doi:10.1080/09540260500104573
  • Pressman MR. Hypersynchronous delta sleep EEG activity and sudden arousals from slow-wave sleep in adults without a history of parasomnias: clinical and forensic implications. Sleep. 2004;27(4):706–710. doi:10.1093/sleep/27.4.706
  • Guilleminault C, Moscovitch A, Leger D. Forensic sleep medicine - nocturnal wandering and violence. Sleep. 1995;18(9):740–748. doi:10.1093/sleep/18.9.740
  • Guilleminault C, Poyares D, Aftab FA, Palombini L. Sleep and wakefulness in somnambulism: a spectral analysis study. J Psychosom Res. 2001;51(2):411–416. doi:10.1016/S0022-3999(01)00187-8
  • Pilon M, Zadra A, Joncas S, Montplaisir J. Hypersynchronous delta waves and somnambulism: brain topography and effect of sleep deprivation. Sleep. 2006;29(1):77–84. doi:10.1093/sleep/29.1.77
  • Gibbs SA, Proserpio P, Terzaghi M, et al. Sleep-related epileptic behaviors and non-REM-related parasomnias: insights from stereo-EEG. Sleep Med Rev. 2016;25:4–20. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2015.05.002
  • Moher D, Shamseer L, Clarke M, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Rev Esp Nutr Humana y Diet. 2015.
  • Kwon Y, Lemieux M, McTavish J, Wathen N. Identifying and removing duplicate records from systematic review searches. J Med Libr Assoc. 2015;103(4):184–188. doi:10.3163/1536-5050.103.4.004
  • Wells G, Shea B, O’Connell D, et al. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. Ottawa, Ottawa Hosp Res Inst. 2020;2017.
  • Schenck CH, Pareja JA, Patterson AL, Mahowald MW. Analysis of polysomnographic events surrounding 252 slow-wave sleep arousals in thirty-eight adults with injurious sleepwalking and sleep terrors. J Clin Neurophysiol. 1998;15(2):159–166. doi:10.1097/00004691-199803000-00010
  • Zadra AL, Nielsen TA. Topographical EEG mapping in a case of recurrent sleep terrors. Dreaming. 1998;8(2):67–74. doi:10.1023/B:DREM.0000005897.62698.1b
  • Jaar O, Pilon M, Carrier J, Montplaisir J, Zadra A. Analysis of slow-wave activity and slow-wave oscillations prior to somnambulism. Sleep. 2010;33(11):1511–1516. doi:10.1093/sleep/33.11.1511
  • Perrault R, Carrier J, Desautels A, Montplaisir J, Zadra A. Electroencephalographic slow waves prior to sleepwalking episodes. Sleep Med. 2014;15(12):1468–1472. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2014.07.020
  • Januszko P, Niemcewicz S, Gajda T, et al. Sleepwalking episodes are preceded by arousal-related activation in the cingulate motor area: EEG current density imaging. Clin Neurophysiol. 2016;127(1):530–536. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2015.01.014
  • Desjardins M, Carrier J, Lina J, et al. EEG Functional Connectivity Prior to Sleepwalking: evidence of Interplay Between Sleep and Wakefulness. Sleep. 2017;40(4). doi:10.1093/sleep/zsx024.
  • Rechtschaffen A, Kales A. A manual of standardized terminology, techniques and scoring system for sleep stages of human subjects. UCLA Brain Inf Serv Los Angeles. 1978.
  • Mölle M, Marshall L, Gais S, Born J. Grouping of spindle activity during slow oscillations in human non-rapid eye movement sleep. J Neurosci. 2002;22(24):10941–10947. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-24-10941.2002
  • Dang-Vu TT, Schabus M, Desseilles M, et al. Spontaneous neural activity during human slow wave sleep. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008;105(39):15160–15165. doi:10.1073/pnas.0801819105
  • Massimini M, Huber R, Ferrarelli F, Hill S, Tononi G. The sleep slow oscillation as a traveling wave. J Neurosci. 2004;24:6862–6870. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1318-04.2004
  • Carrier J, Viens I, Poirier G, et al. Sleep slow wave changes during the middle years of life. Eur J Neurosci. 2011;33(4):758–766. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2010.07543.x
  • Bonnet M, Carley D, Consultant MC, et al. The Atlas Task Force: EEG arousals: scoring rules and examples. Sleep. Sleep Rochester. 1992.
  • Silber MH, Ancoli-Israel S, Bonnet MH, et al. The visual scoring of sleep in adults. J Clin Sleep Med. 2007;03(02):121–131. doi:10.5664/jcsm.26814
  • Lopez R, Jaussent I, Scholz S, Bayard S, Montplaisir J, Dauvilliers Y. Functional Impairment in Adult Sleepwalkers: a Case-Control Study. Sleep. 2013;36(3):345–351. doi:10.5665/sleep.2446
  • Steriade M. Grouping of brain rhythms in corticothalamic systems. Neuroscience. 2006;137(4):1087–1106. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.10.029
  • Bassetti C, Vella S, Donati F, Wielepp P, Weder B. SPECT during sleepwalking. Lancet. 2000;356(9228):484–485. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02561-7
  • Steriade M, McCarley RW. Brainstem control of wakefulness and sleep; 1990.
  • Pilon M, Zadra A, Joncas S, Rompré S, Montplaisir J. Hypersynchronous delta activity and somnambulism: differences between frontal and central leads. Sleep. 2003;26.
  • Pilon M, Montplaisir J, Zadra A. Precipitating factors of somnambulism symbol: impact of sleep deprivation and forced arousals. Neurology. 2008;70:2284–2290. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000304082.49839.86
  • Zadra A, Pilon M, Montplaisir J. Polysomnographic diagnosis of sleepwalking: effects of sleep deprivation. Ann Neurol. 2008;63(4):513–519. doi:10.1002/ana.21339
  • Broughton R. NREM arousal parasomnias. In: Kryger MC, Roth T, Dement WC, editors. Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 2000:693–706.
  • Pressman MR. Factors that predispose, prime and precipitate NREM parasomnias in adults: clinical and forensic implications. Sleep Med Rev. 2007;11(1):3–5. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2006.06.003
  • Hoffstaedter F, Grefkes C, Zilles K, Eickhoff SB. The “what” and “when” of self-initiated movements. Cereb Cortex. 2013;23(3):520–530. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhr391
  • Kremer S, Chassagnon S, Hoffmann D, Benabid AL, Kahane P. The cingulate hidden hand [1]. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2001;70:264–265. doi:10.1136/jnnp.70.2.264
  • Talairach J, Bancaud J, Geier S, et al. The cingulate gyrus and human behaviour. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1973;34(1):45–52. doi:10.1016/0013-4694(73)90149-1
  • Terzaghi M, Sartori I, Tassi L, et al. Evidence of dissociated arousal states during NREM parasomnia from an intracerebral neurophysiological Study. Sleep. 2009;32(3):409–412. doi:10.1093/sleep/32.3.409
  • Terzaghi M, Sartori I, Tassi L, et al. Dissociated local arousal states underlying essential clinical features of non-rapid eye movement arousal parasomnia: an intracerebral stereo-electroencephalographic study. J Sleep Res. 2012;21(5):502–506. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.2012.01003.x
  • Flamand M, Boudet S, Lopes R, et al. Confusional arousals during non-rapid eye movement sleep: evidence from intracerebral recordings. Sleep. 2018;41(10). doi:10.1093/sleep/zsy139.
  • Siclari F, Tononi G. Local aspects of sleep and wakefulness. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2017;44:222–227. doi:10.1016/j.conb.2017.05.008
  • Stallman HM, Kohler M. Prevalence of sleepwalking: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2016;11(11):e0164769. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0164769
  • Ohayon MM, Mahowald MW, Dauvilliers Y, Krystal AD, Léger D. Prevalence and comorbidity of nocturnal wandering in the US adult general population. Neurology. 2012;78(20):1583–1589. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182563be5
  • Laberge L, Tremblay RE, Vitaro F, Montplaisir J. Development of parasomnias childhood to early adolescence. Pediatrics. 2000;106(1I):67–74. doi:10.1542/peds.106.1.67
  • Gorgoni M, D’Atri A, Scarpelli S, Reda F, De Gennaro L. Sleep electroencephalography and brain maturation: developmental trajectories and the relation with cognitive functioning. Sleep Med. 2020;66:33–50. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2019.06.025
  • Scarpelli S, Bartolacci C, D’Atri A, Gorgoni M, De Gennaro L. Mental sleep activity and disturbing dreams in the lifespan. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(19):3658. doi:10.3390/ijerph16193658
  • Carpentier N, O’Reilly C, Carrier J, et al. Spindles insufficiency in sleepwalkers’ deep sleep. Neurophysiol Clin. 2020;50(5):339–343. doi:10.1016/j.neucli.2020.08.003
  • Sarilar AC, Ismailogullari S, Yilmaz R, Erdogan FF, Per H. Electroencephalogram abnormalities in patients with NREM parasomnias. Sleep Med. 2019;3–7.
  • Wauquier A, Aloe L, Declerck A. K-complexes: are they signs of arousal or sleep protective? J Sleep Res. 1995;4(3):138–143. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.1995.tb00162.x
  • Nicholas CL, Trinder J, Colrain IM. Increased production of evoked and spontaneous K-complexes following a night of fragmented sleep. Sleep. 2002;25(8):42–47. doi:10.1093/sleep/25.8.42
  • Gorgoni M, Reda F, D’Atri A, Scarpelli S, Ferrara M, De Gennaro L. The heritability of the human K-complex: a twin study. Sleep. 2019;42(6). doi:10.1093/sleep/zsz053
  • De Gennaro L, Ferrara M, Bertini M. Topographical distribution of spindles: variations between and within NREM sleep cycles. Sleep Res Online. 2000;3(4):155–160.
  • Curcio G, Ferrara M, Pellicciari MC, Cristiani R, De Gennaro L. Effect of total sleep deprivation on the landmarks of stage 2 sleep. Clin Neurophysiol. 2003;114(12):2279–2285. doi:10.1016/S1388-2457(03)00276-1
  • Lecendreux M, Bassetti C, Dauvilliers Y, Mayer G, Neidhart E, Tafti M. HLA and genetic susceptibility to sleepwalking. Mol Psychiatry. 2003;8(1):114–117. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001203
  • Marzano C, Ferrara M, Curcio G, De Gennaro L. The effects of sleep deprivation in humans: topographical electroencephalogram changes in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep versus REM sleep. J Sleep Res. 2010.
  • Arnulf I, Uguccioni G, Gay F, et al. What does the sleeping brain say? Syntax and semantics of sleep talking in healthy subjects and in parasomnia patients. Sleep. 2017;40(11). doi:10.1093/sleep/zsx159.
  • Foldvary-Schaefer N, Alsheikhtaha Z. Complex nocturnal behaviors: nocturnal seizures and parasomnias. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2013;19(1Sleep Disorders):104–131. doi:10.1212/01.CON.0000427210.98305.8f
  • Jones SG, Riedner BA, Smith RF. Regional reductions in sleep electroencephalography power in obstructive sleep apnea: a high-density EEG Study. Sleep. 2014.
  • Scarpelli S, D’atri A, Bartolacci C, et al. Dream recall upon awakening from non-rapid eye movement sleep in older adults: electrophysiological pattern and qualitative features. Brain Sci. 2020;10:343. doi:10.3390/brainsci10060343
  • Scarpelli S, Bartolacci C, D’Atri A. et al. Electrophysiological correlates of dream recall during REM Sleep: evidence from multiple awakenings and within-subjects design. Nat Sci Sleep;2020. 1043–1052. doi:10.2147/NSS.S279786
  • Siclari F, Baird B, Perogamvros L, et al. The neural correlates of dreaming. Nat Neurosci. 2017;20(6):872–878. doi:10.1038/nn.4545
  • Alfonsi V, D’Atri A, Scarpelli S, Mangiaruga A, De Gennaro L. Sleep talking: a viable access to mental processes during sleep. Sleep Med Rev. 2019;44:12–22. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2018.12.001
  • Limousin N, Dehais C, Gout O, Heran F, Oudiette D, Arnulf I. A brainstem inflammatory lesion causing REM sleep behavior disorder and sleepwalking (parasomnia overlap disorder). Sleep Med. 2009;10(9):1059–1062. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2008.12.006
  • Uguccioni G, Pallanca O, Golmard J, Dodet P, Herlin B. Sleep-related declarative memory consolidation and verbal replay during sleep talking in patients with REM sleep behavior disorder. PLoS One. 2013;8(12):4–11. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0083352
  • Oudiette D, Constantinescu I, Leclair-Visonneau L, et al. Evidence for the re-enactment of a recently learned behavior during sleepwalking. PLoS One. 2011;6(3):e18056. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0018056