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Acta Oto-Laryngologica Volume 106, 1988 - Issue 1-2
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Original Article

Anatomy of the round window: A Histopathological Study with a Graphic Reconstruction Method

Hideji Okuno Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, the Eye and Ear Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
&
Isamu Sando Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, the Eye and Ear Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Pages 55-63 | Published online: 08 Jul 2009

References

  • Bast T. H., Anson B. J. The development of the cochlear fenestra, fossula and secondary tympanic membrane. Northwestern Univ Med School Quart Bull 1952; 25/26: 344–73
  • Nomura Y. Otological significance of the round window. Adv Otorhinolaryngol 1984; 33: 11–99
  • Su W. Y., Marion M. S., Hinojosa R et al. Anatomical measurements of the cochlear aqueduct, round window membrane, round window niche, and facial recess. Laryngoscope 1982; 92: 483–86
  • Schuknecht H. F. Techniques for study of cochlear function and pathology in experimental animals. Arch Otolaryngol 1953; 58: 377–89
  • Kobrak H. G. The middle ear. University of Chicago Press, Chicago 1959
  • Pullen FW, II. Round window membrane rupture: A cause of sudden deafness. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol ORL 1972; 76: 1444–50
  • Supance J. S., Bluestone C. D. Perilymph fistulas in infants and children. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1983; 91: 663–71
  • Stewart T. J., Belal A. Surgical anatomy and pathology of the round window. Clin Otolaryngol 1981; 6: 45–62

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