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Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation Volume 15, 1963 - Issue 3
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Original Article

Blood Acid-Base Alignment Nomogram: Scales for pH, pCO2, Base Excess of Whole Blood of Different Hemoglobin Concentrations, Plasma Bicarbonate, and Plasma Total-CO2

O. Siggaard Andersen Department of Clinical Chemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Pages 211-217 | Received 11 Dec 1962, Published online: 13 May 2010

References

  • Astrup P. A simple electrometric technique for the determination of carbon dioxide tension in blood and plasma, total content of carbon dioxide in plasma, and bicarbonate content in “separated” plasma at a fixed carbon dioxide tension (40 mm Hg). Sand J. clin. Lab. Invest. 1956; 8: 33
  • Bartels H., Wrbitsky R. Bestimmung des CO2-Absorptions-koeffizienten zwischen 15 und' 38°C in Wasser und Plasma. Pflügers Arch, ges. Physiol. 1960; 271: 162
  • Graigh F. A., Lange K., Oberman J., Carson S. A simple accurate method of blood pH determinations for clinical use. Arch. Biochem. 1952; 38: 357
  • Jørgensen K., Astrup P. Standard bicarbonate, its clinical significance, and a new method for its determination. Scand. J. clin. Lab. Invest. 1957; 9: 122
  • McLean F. C. Application of the law of chemical equilibrium (law of mass action) to biological problems. Physiol. Rev. 1938; 18: 495
  • Møller B. The hydrogen ion concentration in arterial blood. A clinical study of patients with diabetes mellitus and diseases of the kidneys, lungs, and heart. Thesis. AarhusDenmark 1959
  • Ocagne M. d'. Traité de nomographie 2. ed. Paris 1921
  • Peters J. P., Van Slyke D. D. Quantitative clinical chemistry. I. Interpretations. London 1932
  • Rosenthal T. B. The effect of temperature on the pH of blood and plasma in vitro. J. biol. Chem. 1948; 173: 25
  • Severinghaus J. W., Bradley A. F. Electrodes for blood pO2 and pCO2 determination. J. appl. Physiol. 1958; 13: 515
  • Siggaard-Andersen O., Engel K. A new acid-base nomogram. An improved method for the calculation of the relevant blood acid-base data. Scand. J. clin. Lab. Invest. 1960; 12: 177
  • Jørgensen K., Astrup P. A micro method for determination of pH, carbon dioxide tension, base excess and standard bicarbonate in capillary blood. Ibid. 1960; 12: 172
  • Siggaard-Andersen O. The pH, log pCO2 blood acid-base nomogram revised. Ibid. 1962; 14: 598
  • The first dissociation exponent of carbonic acid as a function of pH. Ibid. 1962; 14: 587
  • —. The acid-base status of the blood. Ibid. 1963; 15
  • Singer R. B., Hastings A. B. An improved clinical method for the estimation of disturbances of the acid-base balance of human blood. Medicine 1948; 27: 223
  • Van Slyke D. D., Sendroy J. Line charts for graphic calculations by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, and for calculating plasma carbon dioxide from whole blood content. J. biol. Chem. 1928; 79: 781

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