Effects of Parenteral Nutrients on Gastrointestinal Motility and Secretion

References

• Feldman E J, Dowling R H, McNaughton J, Peters T J. Effect of oral versus intravenous nutrition on intestinal adaptation after small bowel resection in the dog. Gastroenterology 1976; 70: 712–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes C A, Dowling R H. Speed of onset of adaptive mucosal hypoplasia and hypofunction in the intestine of parenterally fed rats. Clin Sci 1980; 59: 317–27
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guedon G, Schmitz J, Lerebours E, Metayer J, Audran E, Hemet J. Decreased brush border hydrolase activities without gross morphological changes in human small intestinal mucosa after prolonged total parenteral nutrition of adults. Gastroenterology 1986; 90: 373–80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elia M, Goren A, Behrens R, Barber R W, Negle G. Effect of total starvation and very low caloric diets on intestinal permeability man. Clin Sci 1987; 73: 205–10
   Google Scholar
• Alverdy J C, Aoys E, Moss G. Total parenteral nutrition promotes bacterial translocation form the gut. Surgery 1988; 104: 185–90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexander J W. Nutrition and translocation. J Parent Ent Nutr 1990; 14: S170–4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shou J, Lappin J, Minnard E, Daly J. Total parenteral nutrition, bacterial translocation and host immune function. Am J Surg 1994; 167: 145–50
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Meyer J, Yurt R W, Duhaney R, Hesse D G, Tracey K J, Fong Y, et al. Differential neutrophil activation before and after endotoxin infusion in enterally versus parenterally fed volunteers. Surg Gynaecol Obst 1988; 167: 501–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fong Y, Marano M A, Barber A, He W, Moldawer L L, Bushman E D, et al. Total parenteral nutrition and bowel rest modify the metabolic response to endotoxin in humans. Ann Surg 1989; 210: 449–57
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore F, Feliciano D, Andrassy R, McArdle A, Booth F, Morgenstein T, et al. Enteral feeding, compared with parenteral, reduces postoperative septic complications. J Parent Ent Nutr 1991; 15: S22
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kadsk K A. Gut mucosal nutritional support—enteral nutrition as primary therapy after multiple system trauma. Gut 1994; 35: S52–4
   Google Scholar
• Hughes C A, Bates T, Dowling R H. Cholecystokinin and secretin prevent the intestinal mucosal hypoplasia of total parenteral nutrition in the dog. Gastroenterology 1978; 75: 34–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mashako M NL, Cezard J P, Boige N, Chayvialle J A, Bernard C, Navarro J. The effect of artificial feeding on cholestasis, gallbladder sludge and lithiasis in infants: correlation with plasma Cholecystokinin levels. Clin Nutr 1991; 10: 320–7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Roslyn J J, Pitt H A, Mann L L, Ament M E, Den Besten L. Gallbladder disease in patients on long-term parenteral nutrition. Gastroenterology 1983; 84: 148–54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cano N, Cicero F, Ranieri F, Martin J, DiConstanzo J. Ultrasonographic study of gallbladder motility during parenteral nutrition. Gastroenterology 1986; 91: 313–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Messing B, Bories F, Kunstlinger F, Bernier J J. Does total parenteral nutrition induce gallbladder sludge formation and lithiasis?. Gastroenterology 1983; 84: 1012–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sitzmann J V, Pitt H A, Steinborn P A, Pasha Z R, Sanders R C. Cholecystokinin prevents parenteral nutrition induced biliary sludge in human. Surg Gynaecol Obst 1990; 170: 25–31
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nebel O T, Castell D O. Lower esophageal sphincter pressure changes after food ingestion. Gastroenterology 1972; 63: 778–83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gross R A, Isenberg J I, Hogan D, Samloff I M. Effect of fat on meal stimulated duodenal acid load, duodenal pepsin load and serum gastrin in duodenal ulcer and healthy subjects. Gastroenterology 1978; 75: 357–62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunt J N, Knox M T. A relation between the chain length of fatty acids and the slowing of gastric emptying. J Physiol (Lond) 1968; 327–36
   Google Scholar
• Masclee A AM, Jansen J BMJ, Drissen W MM, Gueskens L M, Lamers C BHW. Plasma cholecystokinin and gallbladder responses to intraduodenal fat in gallbladder patients. Dig Dis Sci 1989; 34: 353–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hopman W PM, Jansen J BMJ, Lamers C BHW. Comparative study of the effects of equal amounts of fat, protein and starch on plasma cholecystokinin in man. Scand J Gastroenterol 1985; 20: 847–7
   Google Scholar
• Malagelada J R, Di Magno E P, Summerskill W HJ, Go V WL. Regulation of pancreatic and gallbladder functions by intraluminal fatty acids and bile acids in man. J Clin Invest 1976; 58: 493–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guedon C, Ducrotte P, Chayvialle J A, Lerebours E, Denis P, Colin R. Effects of intravenous and intraduodenal fat on jejunal motility and on plasma cholecystokinin in man. Dig Dis Sci 1988; 33: 558–64
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Causabon P R, Anders Dahlstrom K, Vargas J, Hawkins R, Mogard M, Ament M E. Intravenous fat emulsion (Intralipid) delays gastric emptying but does not cause gastroesophageal reflux in healthy volunteers. JPEN 1989; 13: 246–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Varner A A, Isenberg J I, Elashoff J D, Lamers C BHW, Maxwell V, Shulkes A A. Effects of intravenous lipid on gastric acid secretion stimulated by intravenous amino acids. Gastroenterology 1980; 79: 873–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Boer S Y, Masclee A AM, Jebbink M CW, Schipper J, Jansen J BMJ, Lamers C BHW. Effect of intravenous fat on cholecystokinin secretion and gallbladder motility in man. J Parent Enteral Nutr 1992; 16: 16–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Konturek S J, Tasler J, Cieszkowski M, Jaworek J, Konturek J. Intravenous amino acids and fat stimulate pancreatic secretion. Am J Physiol 1979; 236: E678–84
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Klein E, Shnebaum S, Ben-Ari H, Dreiling D A. Effect of total parenteral nutrition on exocrine pancreatic secretion. Am J Gastroenterol 1983; 78: 31–3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edelman K, Valenzuela J E. Effect of intravenous fat on human pancreatic secretion. Gastroenterology 1983; 85: 1063–6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Niederau C, Sonnenberg A, Erckenbrecht J. Effects of intravenous infusion of amino acids, fat, or glucose on unstimulated pancreatic secretion in healthy humans. Dig Dis Sci 1985; 30: 445–55
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Grant J P, James S, Grabowski V, Trexler K M. Total parenteral nutrition in pancreatic disease. Ann Surg 1984; 200: 627–31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robin A P, Campbell R, Palani C K, Liu K, Donahue P E, Nyhus L M. Total parenteral nutrition during acute pancreatitis: clinical experience with 156 patients. World J Surg 1990; 14: 572–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Taylor I L, Byrne W J, Christie D L, Ament M E, Walsh J H. Effect of individual L-amino acids on gastric secretion and serum gastrin and pancreatic polypeptide release in humans. Gastroenterology 1982; 83: 273–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Feldman M, Walsh J H, Wong M C, Richardson C T. Role of gastrin heptadecapeptide in the acid secretory response to amino acids in man. J Clin Invest 1978; 61: 308–13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Konturek S J, Kwiecien N, Obtulowicz W, Mikos E, Sito E, Oleksy J. Comparison of intraduodenal and intravenous administration of amino acids on gastric secretion in healthy subjects and patients with duodenal ulcer. Gut 1978; 19: 859–64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ertan A, Brooks F P, Ostrow J P, Arvan D A, Williams C N, Cerda J J. Effect of jejunal amino acid perfusion and exogenous cholecystokinin on the exocrine pancreatic and biliary secretion in man. Gastroenterology 1971; 61: 686–92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DiMagno E P, Go V WL, Summerskill W HJ. Intraluminal and postabsorptive effects of amino acids on pancreatic enzyme secretion. J Lab Clin Med 1973; 82: 241–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Go V WL, Hofmann A F, Summerskill W JH. Pancreozymin biassay in man based on pancreatic enzyme secretion: potency of specific amino acids and other digestive products. J Clin Invest 1970; 49: 1558–64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Isenberg J I, Maxwell V. Intravenous infusion of amino acids stimulates gastric acid secretion in man. N Engl J Med 1978; 298: 27–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McArthur K, Isenberg J I, Hogan D L, Dreier S J. Intravenous infusion of L-isomers of phenylalanine and tryptophan stimulate gastric acid secretion at physiologic plasma concentrations in normal subjects and after parietal cell vagotomy. J Clin Invest 1983; 71: 1254–62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lenz H J, Struck T, Greten H. Interactions of aromatic amino acids with gastric secretagogues in humans. Gastroenterology 1988; 94: 103–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lam W F, Masclee A AM, Muller E SM, Lamers C BHW. Effect of hyperglycaemia on gastric acid secretion and gastrin release induced by intravenous amino acids. Am J Clin Nutr 1995; 61: 1268–72
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stastna R, Skala I, Hruba F, Shlygin G K, Sysoev Y. The effect of some N-solutions of parenteral nutrition on gastric and pancreatic secretion. Nutr Metab 1979; 23: 349–56
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Varyam E A, Fuller R K, Brown F M, Quallich L G. Effect of parenteral amino acids on human pancreatic exocrine secretion. Dig Dis Sci 1985; 30: 541–6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nealon W H, Upp J R, Alexander R W, Gomez G, Townsend C M, Thompson J C. Intravenous amino acids induce human gallbladder contraction. Am J Physiol 1990; 259: G173–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zoli G, Ballinger A, Healy J, O'Donnell L JD, Clark M, Farthing M JG. Promotion of gallbladder emptying by intravenous aminoacids. Lancet 1993; 341: 1240–1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Boer S Y, Masclee A AM, Lam W F, Jansen JB JM, Lamers C BHW. Effect of intravenous glucose on intravenous amino acid-induced gallbladder contraction and CCK secretion. Dig Dis Sci 1994; 39: 268–74
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gielkens H AJ, van de Biggelaar A, Lamers C BHW, Masclee A AM. Intravenous amino acids influence small intestinal motility and transit time. Gastroenterology 1995; 108: A726
   Google Scholar
• Stunkard A J, Wolff H G. Studies on the physiology of hunger. I. The effect of intravenous administration of glucose on gastric hunger contractions in man. J Clin Invest 1956; 35: 954–63
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MacGregor I L, Gueller R, Watts H D, Meyer J H. The effect of acute hyperglycaemia on gastric emptying in man. Gastroenterology 1976; 70: 190–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Øster-Jørgensen E, Pedersen S A, Larsen M L. The influence of induced hyperglycaemia on gastric emptying rate in healthy humans. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1990; 50: 831–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacGregor I L, Deveney C, Way L W, Meyer J H. The effect of acute hyperglycaemia on meal-stimulated gastric, biliary, and pancreatic secretion, and serum gastrin. Gastroenterology 1976; 70: 197–202
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Clain J, Barbezat G O, Bank S. The effect of acute hyperglycaemia on hormonally stimulated pancreatic exocrine secretion in man. S Afr Med J 1977; 52: 358–61
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zajtchuk R, Amato J C, Shoemaker W C, Baker R J. The relationship between blood glucose levels and external pancreatic secretion in man. J Trauma 1969; 9: 629–37
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Horowitz M, Harding P E, Maddox A, Wishart J M, Akkermans L MA, Chatterton B E, et al. Gastric and oesophageal emptying in patients with Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia 1989; 32: 151–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraser R, Horowitz M, Maddox A, Chatterton B, Harding P, Dent J. Hyperglycaemia shows gastric emptying in Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia 1990; 33: 675–80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnett J L, Owyang C. Serum glucose concentration as a modulator of interdigestive gastric motility. Gastroenterology 1988; 94: 739–44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraser R, Horowitz M, Dent J. Hyperglycaemia stimulates pyloric motility in normal subjects. Gut 1991; 32: 475–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Boer S Y, Masclee A AM, Lam W F, Lamers C BHW. Effect of acute hyperglycaemia on esophageal motility and lower esophageal sphincter pressure in humans. Gastroenterology 1992; 103: 775–80
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Øster-Jørgensen E, Qvist N, Pedersen S A, Rasmussen L, Hovendal C P. The influence of induced hyperglycaemia on the characteristics of intestinal motility and bile kinetics in healthy men. Scand J Gastroenterol 1992; 27: 285–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Boer S Y, Masclee A AM, Lam W F, Schipper J, Jansen J BMJ, Lamers C BHW. Hyperglycaemia modulates gallbladder motiity and small intestinal transit time in man. Dig Dis Sci 1993; 38: 2228–35
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• De Boer S Y, Masclee A AM, Jebbink M CW, Schipper J, Lemkes H HPJ, Jansen J BMJ, et al. Effect of acute hyperglycaemia on gali bladder contraction induced by cholecystokinin in humans. Gut 1993; 34: 1128–32
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• De Boer S Y, Masclee A AM, Lam W F, Schipper J, Jansen J BMJ, Lamers C BHW. Hyperglycaemia reduces gallbladder emptying and plasma hormone secretion to modified sham feeding and regular feeding. Hepatology 1993; 17: 1022–7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gielkens H AJ, Masclee A AM, Muller E SM, Van Ostayen J, Lamers C BHW. Dose dependent effect of acute hyperglycaemia on postprandial gallbladder contraction and hormone secretion. Gastroenterology 1995; 108: A416
   Google Scholar
• Okada S, Aoyama S, Sugita A. Blutzuckerspiegel und magentätigkeit. Zeitschr Klin Med 1934–35; 127: 89–95
   Google Scholar
• Solomon S P, Spiro H M. The effects of glucagon and glucose on the human stomach. Am J Dig Dis 1959; 4: 775–86
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Moore J G. Gastric acid suppression by intravenous glucose solutions. Gastroenterology 1973; 64: 1106–10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore J G, Crespin F. Influence of glucose on cephalic-vagalstimulated gastric acid secretion in man. Dig Dis Sci 1980; 25: 117–22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lam W F, Masclee A AM, De Boer S Y, Lamers C BHW. Hyperglycaemia reduces gastric secretory and plasma pancreatic polypeptide responses to modified sham feeding in humans. Digestion 1993; 54: 48–53
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hoist J J, Christiansen J. The effect of intravenous glucose on pentagastrin-induced gastric acid secretion in man. Acta Chir Scand 1975; 141: 289–91
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Loud F B, Hoist J J, Rehfeld J F, Christiansen J. Inhibition of gastric acid secretion in humans by glucagon during euglycemia, hyperglycaemia, and hypoglycemia. Dig Dis Sci 1988; 33: 530–4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lam W F, Masclee A AM, Lindeboom M, Lamers C BHW. Hyperglycaemia reduces cephalic stimulated exocrine pancreatic secretion. Gastroenterology 1995; 108: A368
   Google Scholar
• Eliasson B, Björnsson E, Urbanavicius V, Andersson H, Fowelin J, Attvall S, et al. Hyperinsulinaemia impairs gastrointestinal motility and slows carbohydrate absorption. Diabetologia 1995; 38: 79–85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Boer S Y, Masclee A AM, Lam W F, Lemkes H HPJ, Schipper J, Fröhlich M, et al. Effect of hyperglycaemia on gallbladder motility in type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia 1994; 37: 75–81
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Taylor I, Duthie H L, Cumberland D C, Smallwood R. Glucagon and the colon. Gut 1975; 16: 973–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Neri M, Cuccurullo F, Marzio L. Effect of somatostatin on gallbladder volume and small intestinal motor activity in humans. Gastroenterology 1990; 98: 316–21
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gutniak M, Grill V, Roovete A, Effendic S. Impaired somatostatin response to orally administered glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus entails both somatostatin-28 and-14 and is associated with deranged metabolic control. Acta Endocrinol 1989; 121: 322–6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hirano T, Niijima A. Effects of 2-deoxyglucose, glucose and insulin on efferent activity in gastric vagus nerve. Experientia 1980; 36: 1197–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schwartz T W. Pancreatic polypeptide: a hormone under vagal control. Gastroenterology 1983; 85: 1411–25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsuda K, Seino Y, Mori K, Seino S, Takemura J, Kuzuya H, et al. Effect of truncal vagotomy on pancreatic polypeptide response after intravenous glucose administration. Regul Pept 1981; 1: 347–52
   PubMedGoogle Scholar