Typing of Candida isolates from patients with invasive infection and concomitant colonization

References

• Garey KW, Rege M, Pai MP. Time to initiation of fluconazole therapy impacts mortality in patients with candidemia: a multi-institutional study. Clin Infect Dis 2006;43:25–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrell M, Fraser VJ, Kollef MH. Delaying the empiric treatment of Candida bloodstream infection until positive blood culture results are obtained: a potential risk factor for hospital mortality. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005;49:3640–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arendrup MA, Fuursted K, Gahrn-Hansen B, Jensen IM, Knudsen JD, Lundgren B, . Seminational surveillance of fungemia in Denmark: notably high rates of fungemia and numbers of isolates with reduced azole susceptibility. J Clin Microbiol 2005;43:4434–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laupland KP, Gregson DB, Church DL, Ross T, Elsayed S. Invasive Candida species infections: a 5 year population-based assessment. J Antimicrob Chemother 2005;56:532–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pittet D, Monod M, Suter PM, Frenk E, Auckenthaler R. Candida colonization and subsequent infections in critically ill surgical patients. Ann Surg 1994;220:751–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lecciones JA, Lee JW, Navarro EE, Witebsky FG, Marshall D, Steinberg SM, . Vascular catheter-associated fungemia in patients with cancer: analysis of 155 episodes. Clin Infect Dis 1995;14:524.
   Google Scholar
• Favero A. Management of fungal infections in neutropenic patients: more doubts than certainties? Int J Antimicrob Agents 2000;16:135–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karabinis A, Hill C, Leclerq B, Tancrede C, Baume D, Andremont A. Risk factors for candidemia in cancer patients: a case–control study. J Clin Microbiol 1988;26:429–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wey SB, Mori M, Pfaller MA, Woolson RF, Wenzel RP. Risk factors for hospital-acquired candidemia. Arch Intern Med 1989;149:2349–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dalle F, Franco N, Lopez J, Vagner O, Caillot D, Chavanet P, . Comparative genotyping of Candida albicans bloodstream and nonbloodstream isolates at a polymorphic micro-satellite locus. J Clin Microbiol 2000;38:554–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Metzgar D, van Belkum A, Field D, Haubrich R, Wills C. Random amplification of polymorphic DNA and microsatellite genotyping of pre- and posttreatment isolates of Candida spp. from human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients on different fluconazole regimens. J Clin Microbiol 1998;36:2308–13.
   Google Scholar
• Lass-Flörl C, Gunsilius E, Gastl G, English M, Koch G, Ulmer H, . Fungal colonization in neutropenic patients: a randomized study comparing itraconazole solution and amphotericin B solution. Ann Hematol 2003;82:565–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lunel FV, Licciardello L, Stefani S, Verbrugh HA, Melchers WJ, Meis JF, . Lack of consistent short sequence repeat polymorphisms in genetically homologous colonizing and invasive Candida albicans strains. J Bacteriol 1998;15:3771–8.
   Google Scholar
• Reagan DR, Pfaller MA, Hollis RJ, Wenzell RP. Characterization of the sequence of colonization and nosocomial candidemia using DNA fingerprinting and DNA probe. J Clin Microbiol 1990;12:2733–8.
   Google Scholar
• Bougnoux ME, Tavanti A, Bouchier C, Gow NA, Magnier A, Davison AD, . Collaborative consensus for optimized multilocus sequence typing of Candida albicans. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41:5265–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arendrup MC, Bergmann OJ, Larsson L, Nielsen HV, Jarløv JO, Christensson B. Detection of candidaemia in patients with and without underlying haematological disease. Clin Microbiol Infect. In press.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lian C, Zhao J, Zhang Z, Liu W. Genotype of Candida species associated with different conditions of vulvovaginal candidosis. Mycoses 2004;47:495–502.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pinto PM, Resende MA, Koga-Ito C, Tendler M. Genetic variability analysis among clinical Candida spp. isolates using random amplified polymorphic DNA. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2004;99:147–52.
   Google Scholar
• Jacobsen MD, Gow NA, Maiden MC, Shaw DJ, Odd FC. Strain typing and determination of population structure of Candida krusei by multilocus sequence typing. J Clin Microbiol 2007;2:317–23.
   Google Scholar
• Lockhart SR, Joly S, Pujol C, Sobel JD, Pfaller MA, Solet DR. Development and verification of fingerprinting probes for Candida glabrata. Microbiology 1997;143:3733–46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dodgson AR, Pujol C, Denning DW, Soll DR, Fox AJ. Multi-locus sequence typing of Candida glabrata reveals geographically enriched clades. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41:5709–17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bautista-Munoz C, Boldo XM, Villa-Tanaca L, Hernandez-Rodríguez C. Identification of Candida spp. by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis and differentiation between Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis by direct PCR methods. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41:414–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehman PF, Lin D, Lasker BA. Genotypic identification and characterization of species and strains within the genus Candida by using random amplified polymorphic DNA. J Clin Microbiol 1992;30:3249–54.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borst A, Raimer MT, Warnock DW, Morrison CJ, Arthington-Skaggs BA. Rapid acquisition of stable azole resistance by Candida glabrata isolates obtained before the clinical introduction of fluconazole. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005;49:783–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hattori H, Iwata T, Nakagawa Y, Kawamoto F, Tomita Y, Kikuchi A, . Genotype analysis of Candida albicans isolates obtained from different body locations of patients with superficial candidiasis using PCRs targeting 25S rDNA and ALT repeat sequences of the RPS. J Dermatol Sci 2006;42:31–46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar