Search for Urogenital Tract Infections in Patients with Symptoms of Prostatitis: Studies on Aerobic and Strictly Anaerobic Bacteria, Mycoplasmas, Fungi, Trichomonads and Viruses

References

• Anaerobe Laboratory Manual, L. V. Holdeman, W. E. C. Moore. The Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Anaerobe Laboratory, Blacksburg, VirginiaUSA 1972
   Google Scholar
• Alken C. E. Chronische Prostatitis. Leitfaden der Urologie. Thieme, Stuttgart 1970; 117–118
   Google Scholar
• Alyea E. Infections and inflammations of the prostate and seminal vesicles. Urology, M. F. Campbell. Saunders, London 1967; 537–571
   Google Scholar
• Begg R. C. Prostatitis and the disappearing prostate. Lancet 1954; i: 340
   Google Scholar
• Black F. T., Rasmussen O. G. Occurrence of T-strains and other mycoplasmata in non-gonococcal urethritis. Br J Vener Dis 1968; 44: 324
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Blacklock N. J. Some observations on prostatitis. Advances in the study of the prostate. The Marie Curie Memorial Foundation Workshop Conference. Heinemann, London 1969; 37–55
   Google Scholar
• Blumensaat C. Die entzúndlichen Erkrankungen der Prostata. Enke., Stuttgart 1961
   Google Scholar
• Colleen S., Mardh P.-A. Clinical findings in patients with symptoms of non-acute prostatitis. Scand J Urol Nephrol., In press
   Google Scholar
• Colleen S., Mardh P.-A., Schytz A. Magnesium and zinc in seminal fluid of healthy males and patients with non-acute prostatitis with and without gonorrhea. Scand J Urol Nephrol., In press
   Google Scholar
• Danielsson D. The demonstration of N. gonorrhoeae with the aid of fluorescent antibodies. 5. A comparison of different techniques—absorption, one-step inhibition, and counterstaining—for elimination of cross reactions. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh.) 1965; 45: 61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danielsson D., Molin L. Demonstration of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in prostatic fluid after treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhoeal urethritis. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh.) 1971; 51: 73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danielsson D., Thyresson N., Falk V., Barr J. Serological investigation of the immune response in various types of gonococcal infection. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh.) 1972; 52: 467
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunkelberg W. E., Jr., Skaggs R., Kellogg D. S., Jr. Method for isolation and identification of Corynebacterium vaginale (Haemophilus vaginalis). Appl Microbiol 1970; 19: 47
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dunkelberg W. E., Jr., Skaggs R., Kellogg D. S., Jr., Domescik G. K. Relative incidence of Corynebacterium vaginalis (Haemophilus vaginalis), Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Trichomonas spp. among women attending a venereal disease clinic. Br J Vener Dis 1970; 46: 187
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fishbach R. S., Finegold S. M. Anaerobic prostatic abscess with bacteremia. Am J Clin Pathol 1973; 59: 408
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fritjofsson Å., Kihl B., Danielsson D. Chronic prostatovesiculitis. Incidence and significance of bacterial findings. Scand J Nephrol Urol., 8: 173
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gardner H. L., Dukes C. D. Haemophilus vaginalis vaginitis. A newly defined specific infection previously classified “nonspecificr” vaginitis. Am J Obstet Gynec 1955; 62: 962
   Google Scholar
• Gnarpe H., Friberg J. T mycoplasmas on spermatozoa and infertility. Nature (Lond.) 1973; 245: 97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gnarpe H., Wallin J., Forsgren A. Studies in venereal disease. I. Isolation of L-phase organisms with N. gonorrhoeae from patients with gonorrhoea. Br J Vener Dis 1972; 48: 496
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gupta S. N., Perkash I., Agarwal S. C., Anand S. S. Antibacterial activity of human prostatic fluid. Invest Urol 1967; 5: 219
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gästrin B., Kallings L. C. Improved methods for gonococcal sampling and examination in large scale. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand 1968; 74: 362
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jones B. R. Advances and prospects in the study of certain diseases due to infections by Subgroup A Chlamydia. Br J Vener Dis 1972; 48: 13
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jordan M. C., Rousseau W. E., Noble G. R., Stewart J. A., Chin T. D. Y. Association of cervical cytomegaloviruses with venereal disease. N Engl J Med 1973; 288: 932
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lang D. J., Kummer J. F. Demonstration of cytomegalovirus in semen. N Engl J Med 1972; 287: 756
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leopold S. Heretofore undescribed organism isolated from the genito-urinary tract. US Armed Forces Med J 1959; 4: 263
   Google Scholar
• Lewis J. F., O'Brien S. M., Ural U. M., Burke T. Corynebacterium vaginale vaginitis. Review of the literature and presentation of data, based on vaginal cultures from 1008 patients. Am J Obstet Gynec 1972; 112: 87
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCormack W. M., Braun P., Lee Y.-H., Klein J. O., Kass E. H. The genital mycoplasmas. N Engl J Med 1973; 288: 78
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meares E. M., Stamey T. A. Bacteriologic localization patterns in bacterial prostatitis and urethritis. Invest Urol 1968; 5: 492
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Molin L., Danielsson D. Prostatic reservoir of gonococci. Br Med J 1970; III: 767
   Google Scholar
• Mårdh P.-A., Colleen S. Lysozyme in seminal fluid of healthy males and patients with prostatitis and in tissues of the male urogenital tract. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1974; 8: 179
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mårdh P.-A., Colleen S. Antimicrobial activity of human seminal fluid. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1974; 9: 17
   Google Scholar
• Mårdh P.-A., Colleen S., Holmquist B. Chlamydia in chronic prostatitis. Br Med J 1972; IV: 361
   Google Scholar
• Mårdh P.-A., Lohi A., Fritz H. Mycoplasma in urine collected by suprapubic aspiration. Acta Med Scand 1972; 191: 91
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mårdh P.-A., Stormby N., Weström L. Mycoplasma and vaginal cytology. Acta Cytol (Balt) 1971; 15: 310
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mårdh P.-A., Weström L. Tubal and cervical cultures in acute salpingitis with special reference to Mycoplasma hominis and T-strain mycoplasmas. Br J Vener Dis 1970; 46: 179
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nilsson J.-K., Colleen S., Mårdh P.-A. Correlation between psychologic-psychiatric and clinical-laboratory findings in patients with non-acute prostatitis, In press
   Google Scholar
• Reyn A. Laboratory diagnosis of gonococcal infections. Bull WHO 1965; 32: 449
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richmond S. J., Hilton A. L., Clarke S. K. R. Chlamydial infection. Role of Chlamydia subgroup A in non-gonococcal and post-gonococcal urethritis. Br J Vener Dis 1972; 48: 437
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rozansky R., Gurevitch J., Brzezinsky A., Eckerling B. Inhibition of the growth of Staphylococcus aureus by human semen. J Lab Clin Med 1949; 34: 1526
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rusk J., Tallgren L. G., Alfthan O. S., Johansson C.-J. The antibacterial activity of semen and its relation to semen proteins. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1973; 7: 23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stamey T. A. Urinary tract infections in males. Urinary infections. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore 1972; 161–211
   Google Scholar
• Stamey T. A., Fair W. R., Timothy M. M., Chung H. K. Antibacterial nature of prostatic fluid. Nature (Lond) 1968; 218: 444
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stamey T. A., Govan D. E., Palmer J. M. The localization and treatment of urinary tract infections: The role of bactericidal urine levels as opposed to serum levels. Medicine 1965; 44: 1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stamey T. A., Meares E. M., Winningham D. G. Chronic bacterial prostatitis and the diffusion of drugs into prostatic fluid. J Urol 1970; 103: 187
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor R. W., Morgan H. R. Antibacterial substances in human semen and prostatic fluid. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1952; 94: 662
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Taylor-Robinson D., Addey J. P., Hare M. J., Dunlop E. M. C. Mycoplasmas and “nonspecific” genital infections. I. Previous studies and laboratory aspects. Br J Vener Dis 1969; 45: 265
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Taylor-Robinson D., Manchee R. J. Cell receptors for mycoplasmas of man. Mycoplasma diseases of man, M. Spróssig, W. Witzleb. Fischer, Jena 1969; 113–124
   Google Scholar
• Weström L., Mårdh P.-A. The effect of antibiotic therapy on Mycoplasma in the female genital tract.—In vitro and in vivo studies on the sensitivity of Mycoplasma hominis and T-mycoplasmas to tetracyclines and other antibiotics. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1971; 50: 25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Åkerlund M., Mårdh P.-A. Isolation and identification of Corynebacterium vaginale (Haemophilus vaginalis) in women with infections of the lower genital tract. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1974; 53: 85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar