30
Views
32
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

Opiate Dependence and Withdrawal: Preliminary Assessment Using Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography (SPECT)

, , , , , , , , & show all
Pages 47-63 | Published online: 07 Jul 2009

References

  • Kolb L., Himmelsbach C. K. Clinical studies of drug addiction, III. A critical review of the withdrawal treatments with method of evaluating abstinence syndromes. Am. J. Psychiatry 1938; 94: 759–799
  • Redmond D. E., Jr., Krystal J. H. Multiple mechanisms of withdrawal from opioid drugs. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 1984; 7: 443–478
  • Seevers M. H. Opiate addiction in the monkey. I. Methods of study. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1936; 56: 147–156
  • Wei E. Assessment of precipitated abstinence in morphine-dependent rats. Psychopharma-cologia 1973; 28: 35–44
  • Blasig J., Herz A. Percipitated morphine withdrawal in rats as a tool in opiate research. Current Developments in Psychopharmacology. Spectrum, New York 1977; Vol. 4: 130–149
  • Krystal J. H., Walker M. W., Heninger G. R. Intermittent naloxone attenuates physical dependence on methadone in rhesus monkeys. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 1989; 160: 331–338
  • London E. D., Broussoolle E. P. M., Links J. M., Wong D. F., Cascella N. G., Dannals R. F., Sano M., Herning R., Snyder F. R., Rippetoe L. R., Toung T. J. K., Jaffe J. H., Wagner H. N., Jr. Morphine-induced metabolic changes in human brain: Studies with positron emission tomography and [flourine 18]fluorodeoxy-glucose. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 1990; 47: 73–81
  • London E. D., Margolin R. A., Wong D. F., Links J, LaFrance N. D., Cascella N. G., Broussolle E. P. M., Wagner H. N., Snyder F. R., Jasinski D. R. Cerebral glucose utilization in human heroin addicts: Case reports from a positron emission tomographic study. Res. Commun. Substance Abuse 1989; 10: 141–144
  • Frost J. J., Wagner H. N., Jr., Dannals R. F., Ravert H. T., Links J. M., Wilson A. A., Burns D., Wong D. F., McPherson R. W., Rosenbaum A. E., Kuhar M. J., Snyder S. H. Imaging opiate receptors in the human brain by positron tomography. J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr. 1985; 9: 231–236
  • Frost J. J., Mayberg H. S., Fisher R. S., Douglass K. H., Dannals R. F., Links J. M., Wilson A. A., Ravert H. T., Rosenbaum A. E., Snyder S. H., Wagner H. N., Jr. Mu-opiate receptors measured by positron emission tomography are increaesd in temporal lobe epilepsy. Ann. Neurol. 1988; 23: 231–237
  • Lassen N. A., Andersen A. R., Friberg L., Paulson O. B. The retention of [99mTcl]-d, l-HM-PAO in the human brain after intracarotid bolus injection: A kinetic analysis. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 1988; 8: S13–S22
  • Yonekura Y., Nishizawa S., Mukai T., Fujita T., Fukayama H., Ishikawa M., Kikuchi H., Konishi J., Andersen A. R., Lassan N. A. SPECT with [99mTc]-d, l-hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (HM-PAO) compared with regional cerebral blood flow measured by PET; Effects of linearization. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 1988; 8: S82–S89
  • Reichmann K., Biersack H. J., Basso L., Hartmann A., Matthews I. T. W., Neirinckx R. D., Pickett R. D., Winkler C. A comparative study of brain uptake and early kinetics of 99mTc-d, l-HM-PAO and other PAO derivatives in baboons. J. Nucl. Med. 1986; 25: 134–137
  • Nakamura K., Tukatani Y., Kubo A., Hasimoto S., Terayama Y., Amano T., Goto F. The behavior of 99mTc-hexamethylpropyleneamineoxime (99mTc-HMPAO) in blood and brain. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 1989; 15: 1001–1007
  • Andersen A. R., Friberg H. H., Schmidt J. F., Hasselbalch S. G. Quantitative measurements of cerebral blood flow using SPECT and [99mTcl]-d, l-HM-PAO compared to Xenon-133. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Me tab. 1988; 8: S69–S81
  • Jacobsen L. K., Kosten T. R. Naloxone challenge as a biological predictor of treatment outcome in opiate addicts. Am. J. Drug Alcohol Abuse 1989; 15: 355–366
  • American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd ed., revised. Washington, DC 1987
  • Krystal J. H., McDougle C. J., Kosten T. R., Price L. H., Aghajanian G. K., Charney D. S. Baclofen-assisted detoxification from opiates: A pilot study. J. Substance Abuse Treatment 1992; 9: 139–142
  • Amass L., Nardin R., Mendelson J. H., Teoh S. K., Woods B. T. Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging in heroin- and cocaine-dependent men: A preliminary study. Psychiatry Res. Neuroimaging 1992; 45: 15–23
  • Goddard A. W., Hoffer P. B., Hines R. L., Loke J. O., Zubal I. G., Smith E. O., Heninger G. R., Woods S. W. Effects of hyperventilation on the distribution of Tc-99m d,l HMPAO. J. Nucl. Med. 1990; 31: 789
  • London E. D., Fanelli R. J., Kimes A. S., Moses R. L. Effects of chronic nicotine on cerebral glucose utilization in the rat. Brain Res. 1990; 520: 208–214
  • Sokoloff L. Cerebral circulation, energy metabolism, and protein synthesis: General characteristics and principals of measurement. Positron Emission Tomography and Autoradiography: Principals and Applications for the Brain and Heart, M. E. Phelps, J. C. Mazziotta, H. R. Schelbert. Raven, New York 1986; 1–71
  • London E. D., Kimes A. S., Fanelli R. J. Cerebral metabolic effects of morphine in the rat. Substance Abuse 1987; 8: 43–52
  • Kimes A. S., London E. D. Glucose utilization in the rat brain during chronic morphine treatment and naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1989; 248: 538–545
  • Wooten G. F., DiStefano P., Collins R. C. Regional glucose utilization during morphine withdrawal in the rat. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1982; 79: 3360–3364
  • Geary W. A., II, Wooten G. F. In vivo tracer studies of glucose metabolism, cerebral blood flow, and protein synthesis in naloxone precipitated morphine withdrawal. Neurochem. Res. 1987; 12: 573–580
  • Geary W. A., II, Wooten G. F. Similar functional anatomy of spontaneous and precipitated morphine withdrawal. Brain Res. 1985; 334: 183–186
  • Fanelli R. J., Walovitch R. C., Jasinski D. R., London E. D. Naloxone fails to alter local cerebral glucose utilization in the rat. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 1988; 31: 481–485
  • Geary W. A., II, Wooten G. F. A behavioral and 2-deoxyglucose autoradiographic study of the effects of cumulative morphine dose on naloxone precipitated withdrawal in the rat. Brain Res. 1983; 275: 117–126
  • Geary W. A., II, Wooten G. F. Dose effects of naloxone on fixed morphine dependence: Simultaneous behavioral and 2-deoxyglucose study in the rat. Brain Res. 1985; 332: 69–78
  • Kimes A. S., Bell J. A., London E. D. Clonidine attenuates increased brain glucose metabolism during naloxone precipitated morphine withdrawal. Neuroscience 1990; 34: 633–644
  • Geary W. A., II, Wooten G. F. Time action profiles of regional cerebral glucose utilization during naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal. Brain Res. 1986; 399: 181–184
  • Blamire A. M., Ogawa S., Ugurbil K., Rothman D., McCarthy G., Ellermann J. M., Hyder F., Rattner Z., Shulman R. G. Dynamic mapping of the human visual cortex by high-speed magnetic resonance imaging. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1992; 89: 11069–11073
  • Podreka I., Suess E., Goldenberg G., Steiner M., Brucke T., Muller C, Lang W., Neirinckx R. D., Deecke L. Initial experience with technetium-99m HM-PAO brain SPECT. J. Nucl. Med. 1987; 28: 1657–1666
  • Woods S. W., Koster K., Krystal J. H., Smith E. O., Zubal I. G., Hoffer P. B., Charney D. S. Yohimbine alters regional cerebral blood flow in panic disorder (letter). Lancet 1988; ii: 678
  • Langen K.-J., Herzog H., Kuwert T., Roosen N., Rota E., Kiwit J. C. W., Bock W. J., Feinendegen L. E. Tomographic studies of rCBF with [99mTc]-HM-PAO SPECT in patients with brain tumors: Comparison with C15O2 continuous inhalation technique and PET. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 1988; 8: S90–S94
  • Inugami A., Kanno I., Uemura K., Shishido F., Murakami M., Tomura N., Fujita H., Higano S. Linearization correction of 99mTc-labeled hexamethyl-propylene amine oxime (HM-PAO) image in terms of regional CBF distribution: comparison to C5O2 inhalation steady-state method measured by positron emission tomography. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 1988; 8: S52–S60
  • Raichle M. E., Grubb R. L., Gado M. H., Eichling J. O., Ter-Pogossian M. M. Correlation between regional cerebral blood flow and oxidative metabolism. Arch. Neurol. 1976; 33: 523–526
  • Frank G., Sadzot B., Salmon E., Depresseux J. C., Grisar T., Peters J. M., Guiliaume M., Quaglia L., Delfiore G., Lamotte D. Regional cerebral blood flow and metabolic rates in human focal epilepsy and status epilepticus. Adv. Neurol. 1986; 44: 935–948
  • Ginsberg M. D., Chang J. Y., Kelley R. E., Yoshii F., Barker W. W., Ingenito G., Boothe T. E. Increases in both cerebral glucose utilization and blood flow during execution of a somatosensory task. Ann. Neurol. 1988; 23: 152–160
  • Fox P. T., Raichle M. E., Mintun M. A., Dence C. Nonoxidative glucose consumption during focal physiologic neural activity. Science 1988; 241: 462–464
  • Silver I. A. Cellular microenvironment in relation to local blood flow. Ciba Found. Symp. 1978; 56: 21–42
  • Malison R. T., Miller E. G., Greene R., McCarthy G., Charney D. S., Innis R. B. Computer-assisted coregistration of multislice SPECT and MR brain images by fixed external fiducials. J. Comp. Assist. Tomogr., In press

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.