References
- Aggarwal R, Darzi A. Competency-based training and practice – what does it really mean?. J Am Coll Surg 2007; 205(1)192–193
- Ainoda N, Onishi H, Yasuda Y. Definitions and goals of “self-directed learning” in contemporary educational literature. Ann Acad Med Singapore 2005; 34(8)515–519
- Albanese MA, Mejicano G, Anderson WM, Gruppen L. Building a competency-based curriculum: the agony and the ecstasy. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 2008a, May 15 [Epub ahead of print]. Available from: http://www.springerlink.com/content/g1w11258v173u6r6/ (Accessed 8 April 2009)
- Albanese MA, Mejicano G, Mullan P, Kokotailo P, Gruppen L. Defining characteristics of educational competencies. Med Educ 2008b; 42(3)248–355
- Bandiera G, Lendrum D. Daily encounter cards facilitate competency-based feedback while leniency bias persists. Can J Emerg Med 2008; 10(1)44–50
- Bazeley P. Qualitative data analysis with NVivo. Sage Publications Ltd, London 2007
- Bell HS, Kozakowski SM, Winter RO. Competency-based education in family practice. Fam Med 1997; 29(10)701–704
- Ben–David MF. AMEE Guide No. 14: Outcome-based education: Part 3 – Assessment in outcome-based education. Med Teach 1999; 21(1)23–25
- Botticelli MG, Anderson AS. MD–level competence in internal medicine. Objectives and the flexible clerkship. Arch Intern Med 1981; 141(2)235–236
- Brooks MA. Medical education and the tyranny of competency. Perspect Biol Med 2009; 52(1)90–102
- Broski D, Alexander D, Brunner M, Chidley M, Finney W, Johnson C, Karas B, Rothenberg S. Competency-based curriculum development: A pragmatic approach. J Allied Health 1977; 6(1)38–44
- Brown TC, McCleary LE, Stenchever MA, Poulson AM, Jr. A competency-based educational approach to reproductive biology. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1973; 116(7)1036–1043
- Carraccio CL, Benson BJ, Nixon LJ, Derstine PL. From the educational bench to the clinical bedside: Translating the Dreyfus developmental model to the learning of clinical skills. Acad Med 2008; 83(8)761–767
- Carraccio C, Wolfsthal SD, Englander R, Ferentz K, Martin C. Shifting paradigms: From Flexner to competencies. Acad Med 2002; 77(5)361–367
- Chen FM, Bauchner H, Burstin H. A call for outcomes research in medical education. Acad Med 2004; 79(10)955–960
- Collins JP, Gough IR, Civil ID, Stitz RW. A new surgical education and training programme. ANZ J Surg 2007; 77(7)497–501
- Craton N, Matheson GO. Training and clinical competency in musculoskeletal medicine: Identifying the problem. Sports Med 1993; 15(5)328–337
- Creswell JW. Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five traditions. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA 1998
- Davis MH, Harden RM. Competency-based assessment: Making it a reality. Med Teach 2003; 25(6)565–568
- Demczuk L, Gottschalk T, Littleford J. Introducing information literacy into anesthesia curricula. Can J Anaesth 2009; 56(4)327–335
- Diwakar V. Commentary: The baby is thrown out with the bathwater. BMJ 2002; 235(7366)693–696
- Frank JR, Danoff D. The CanMEDS initiative: Implementing and outcomes-based framework of physician competencies. Med Teach 2007; 29(7)642–647
- Frank JR, Langer B. Collaboration, communication, management, and advocacy: Teaching surgeons new skills through the CanMEDS project. World J Surg 2003; 27(8)972–978
- Glasgow N, Wells R, Butler J, Gear A, Lyons S, Rubiano D. Using competency-based education to equip the primary health care workforce to manage chronic disease. Australian Primary Health Care Research Institute. 2006, Available from http://www.acerh.edu.au/publications/Glasgow_APHCRI-Report_Summary_Sep06.pdf (Accessed 17 April 2008)
- Greenhalgh T, Peacock R. Effectiveness and efficiency of search methods in systematic reviews of complex evidence: Audit of primary sources. BMJ 2005; 331(7524)1064–1065
- Harden RM, Crosby JR, Davis MH. AMEE Guide No. 14: Outcome-based education: Part 1 – an introduction to outcome-based education. Med Teach 1999a; 21(1)7–14
- Harden RM, Crosby JR, Davis MH, Friedman M. AMEE Guide No. 14: Outcome-based education: Part 5 – from competency to meta–competency: A model for the specification of learning outcomes. Med Teach, 1999b; 21(6)546–552
- Harden RM. Outcome-based education: The future is today. Med Teach 2007; 29(7)625–629
- Lane DS, Ross V. The importance of defining physicians’ competencies: Lessons from preventive medicine. Acad Med 1994; 69(12)972–974
- Lee AG. The new competencies and their impact on resident training in ophthalmology. Surv Ophthalmol 2003; 48(6)651–662
- Leung W. Competency based medical training: Review. BMJ 2002; 235(7366)693–696
- Levinson W. Time for innovation: The ABIM view of competency-based education. Academic Internal Medicine Insight, 2009; 7(3)6–7
- Long DM. Competency-based residency training: The next advance in graduate medical education. Acad Med 2000; 75(12)1178–1183
- McGaghie WC, Miller GE, Sajid AW, Telder TV. Competency-based curriculum development in medical education. World Health Organization., Geneva 1978, Available from: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/php/WHO_PHP_68.pdf (Accessed 7 June 2010)
- Martin M, Vashisht B, Frezza E, Ferone T, Lopez B, Pahuja M, Spence RK. Competency-based instruction in critical invasive skills improves both resident performance and patient safety. Surgery 1998; 124(2)313–317
- Neufeld VR, Maudsley RF, Pickering RJ, Walters BC, Turnbull JM, Spasoff RA, Hollomby DJ, LaVigne KJ. Demand-side medical education: Educating future physicians for Ontario. CMAJ 1993; 148(9)1471–1477
- Newble D, Stark P, Bax N, Lawson M. Developing an outcome–focused core curriculum. Med Educ 2005; 39(7)680–687
- Oh H, Rizo C, Enkin M, Jadad A. What is eHealth: A systematic review of published definitions. J Med Internet Res 2005; 7(1)e1
- QSR International Pty Ltd. 2008. NVivo qualitative data analysis software. Version 8. NVivo qualitative data analysis software; QSR International Pty Ltd. [Doncaster, Australia] Version 8, 2008.
- Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada. 2006. Jurisdiction approved training: International postgraduate medical education. Last updated 13 June 2006. Available from: http://rcpsc.medical.org/residency/certification/img_page2_e.php (Accessed 13 April 2010).
- Talbot M. Monkey see, monkey do: A critique of the competency model in graduate medical education. Med Educ 2004; 38(6)587–592
- ten Cate O, Scheele F. Competency-based postgraduate training: Can we bridge the gap between theory and clinical practice?. Acad Med 2007; 82(6)542–547
- Tsuda S, Scott D, Doyle J, Jones DB. Surgical skills training and simulation. Curr Probl Surg 2009; 46(4)271–370
- Weinstein HM, Russell ML. Competency-based psychiatric education. Am J Psychiatry 1976; 133(8)935–939
- Whitcomb ME. Redirecting the assessment of clinical competence. Acad Med 2007; 82(6)527–528