A BEME systematic review of UK undergraduate medical education in the general practice setting: BEME Guide No. 32

References

• Anon. 2013. The RCGP Curriculum: Introduction and user guide. London: Royal College of General Practitioners
   Google Scholar
• Anon. 2014. Broadening the foundation programme: Recommendations and implementation guidance. Leeds, UK: Health Education England
   Google Scholar
• Adams EC, Rodgers CJ, Harrington R, Young MDB, Sieber VK. 2011. How we created virtual patient cases for primary care-based learning. Med Teach 33(4):273–278
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alderson TS, Oswald NT. 1999. Clinical experience of medical students in primary care: Use of an electronic log in monitoring experience and in guiding education in the Cambridge Community Based Clinical Course. Med Educ 33(6):429–433
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashley P, Rhodes N, Sari-Kouzel H, Mukherjee A, Dornan T. 2009. ‘They've all got to learn'. Medical students' learning from patients in ambulatory (outpatient and general practice) consultations. Med Teach 31(2):e24–e31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker R. 1996. Characteristics of practices, general practitioners and patients related to levels of patients' satisfaction with consultations. Br J Gen Pract 46(411):601–605
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartram L, McGrath A, Crome P, Crome I, Corrado OJ, Allen S. 2005. Geriatric medicine training in UK undergraduate medical schools. Reviews in clinical gerontology 15(3–4):237–243
   Google Scholar
• Basak O, Yaphe J, Spiegel W, Wilm S, Carelli F, Metsemakers JFM. 2009. Early clinical exposure in medical curricula across Europe: An overview. Eur J Gen Prac 15(1):4–10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benson J, Quince T, Hibble A, Fanshawe T, Emery J. 2005. Impact on patients of expanded, general practice based, student teaching: Observational and qualitative study. Br Med J 331(7508):89–92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bentham JR, Burke J, Clark J, Svoboda C, Vallance G, Yeow M. 1999. Students conducting consultations in general practice and the acceptability to patients. Med Educ 33(9):686–687
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonsor R, Gibbs T, Barker T. 1998. Learning medicine in the community. Acad Med 73(5):605–606
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Borgstrom E, Cohn S, Barclay S. 2010. Medical professionalism: Conflicting values for tomorrow's doctors. J Gen Int Med 25(12):1330–1336
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Britten N, Campbell J, Field S, Ruben A, Snadden D. 2000. Collaboration between undergraduate and postgraduate departments of general practice in the UK. Educ Gen Prac 11(2):157–164
   Google Scholar
• Brown L. 2002. ‘Walking in the moccasins…'. Extending the boundaries of undergraduate medical education. J Interprof Care 16(3):290–291
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bryant P, Berlin A, Coppola W, Jones M. 2008. A comparison of clinical content between structured specialty teaching sessions and teaching in routine general practice consultations. Educ Prim Care 19(1):43–53
   Google Scholar
• Burge S. 2002. Teaching dermatology to medical students: A survey of current practice in the U.K. Br J Dermat 146(2):295–303
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campion P, Stanley I, Haddleton M. 1992. Audit in general practice: Students and practitioners learning together. QHC 1(2):114–118
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cannings R, Hawthorne K, Hood K, Houston H. 2005. Putting double marking to the test: A framework to assess if it is worth the trouble. Med Educ 39(3):299–308
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chipp E, Stoneley S, Cooper K. 2004. Clinical placements for medical students: Factors affecting patients' involvement in medical education. Med Teach 26(2):114–119
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choudhury TR, Moosa AA, Cushing A, Bestwick J. 2006. Patients' attitudes towards the presence of medical students during consultations. Med Teach 28(7):e198–e203
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Clack GB. 1994. Medical graduates evaluate the effectiveness of their education. Br J Med Educ 28(5):418–431
   Google Scholar
• Cleland JA, Knight LV, Rees CE, Tracey S, Bond CM. 2008. Is it me or is it them? Factors that influence the passing of underperforming students. Br J Med Educ 42(8):806–809
   Google Scholar
• Coady D, Walker D, Kay L. 2004a. Regional examination of the musculoskeletal system (REMS): A core set of clinical skills for medical students. Rheumatology 43(5):633–639
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coady DA, Walker DJ, Kay LJ. 2004b. Teaching medical students musculoskeletal examination skills: Identifying barriers to learning and ways of overcoming them. Scand J Rheumatol 33(1):47–51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coleman K, Murray E. 2002. Patients' views and feelings on the community-based teaching of undergraduate medical students: A qualitative study. Fam Prac 19(2):183–188
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conning S, Hooper A, Turner M. 2001. Educating tomorrows' doctors for today's world: Introducing a new diversity course for year 2 medical students in a community-based setting. Med Educ 35(11):1077–1078
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook DA, Beckman TJ, Bordage G. 2007. Quality of reporting of experimental studies in medical education: A systematic review. Med Educ 41(8):737–745
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook V, Nicholson S. 2006. How can GP teachers be supported to make good teaching even better? Educ Prim Care 17(1):17–23
   Google Scholar
• Cook V. 2009. Mapping the work-based learning of novice teachers: charting some rich terrain. Med Teach 31(12):e608–e614
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooke F, Galasko G, Ramrakha V, Richards D, Rose A, Watkins J. 1996. Medical students in general practice: How do patients feel? Br J Gen Prac 46(407):361–362
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cotton P, Sharp D, Howe A, Starkey C, Laue B, Hibble A, Benson J. 2009. Developing a set of quality criteria for community-based medical education in the UK. Educ Prim Care 20(3):143–151
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dammers J, Spencer J, Thomas M. 2001. Using real patients in problem-based learning: Students' comments on the value of using real, as opposed to paper cases, in a problem-based learning module in general practice. Med Educ 35(1):27–34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darnton R, Lucas B, Pearson D. 2007. Using problem-based learning in primary care: What do undergraduates on traditional medical courses make of it? Educ Prim Care 18(4):450–458
   Google Scholar
• Davies KL, Elhassan HA. 2012. Clinical ear, nose and throat training as a percentage of the undergraduate medical curriculum. Clin Otolaryngol 37(6):500–501
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davison H, Capewell S, Macnaughton J, Murray S, Hanlon P, McEwen J. 1999. Community-oriented medical education in Glasgow: Developing a community diagnosis exercise. Med Educ 33(1):55–62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deaville J, Grant A. 2011. Overcoming the pull factor of convenient urban living - perceptions of rural general practice placements. Med Teach 33(4):e211–e217
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deaville JA, Wynn-Jones J, Hays RB, Coventry PJ, McKinley RK, Randall-Smith J. 2009. Perceptions of UK medical students on rural clinical placements. Rural Remote Health 9(2):1165
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dixon-Woods M, Fitzpatrick R, Roberts K. 2001. Including qualitative research in systematic reviews: opportunities and problems. J Eval Clin Pract 7(2):125–133
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dornan T, Muijtjens A, Graham J, Scherpbier A, Boshuizen H. 2012. Manchester Clinical Placement Index (MCPI): Conditions for medical students' learning in hospital and community placements. Adv Health Sci Educ 17(5):703–716
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drinkwater J, Tully MP, Dornan T. 2008. The effect of gender on medical students' aspirations: A qualitative study. Med Educ 42(4):420–426
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duncan P, Cribb A, Stephenson A. 2003. Developing ‘the good healthcare practitioner': Clues from a study in medical education. Learn Health Soc Care 2(4):181–190
   Google Scholar
• Edgcumbe DP, Lillicrap MS, Benson JA. 2008. A qualitative study of medical students' attitudes to careers in general practice. Educ Primary Care 19(1):65–73
   Google Scholar
• Elam P, Scales M, Pearson D. 2009. Do visits help improve the quality of teaching within undergraduate teaching practices? Educ Primary Care 20(6):429–434
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Elliott MK. 1999. Are we going in the right direction? A survey of the undergraduate medical education in Canada, Australia and the United Kingdom from a general practice perspective. Med Teach 21(1):53–60
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EPPI-Centre. 2010. Understanding the drivers, impact and value of engagement in culture and sport, The CASE Programme
   Google Scholar
• Escott S, Lucas B, Pearson D. 2009. Lost in translation: Using bilingual simulated patients to improve consulting across language barriers. Educ Primary Care 20(2):93–98
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Eva KW, Lingard L. 2008. What's next? A guiding question for educators engaged in educational research. Med Educ 42(8):752–754
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farmer J, Iversen L, Bond C, Duthie I. 2003. Medical students' orientation towards rural general practice: results from an exploratory study of a Scottish cohort. Educ Primary Care 14(4):463–467
   Google Scholar
• Firth A, Wass V. 2007. Medical students' perceptions of primary care: the influence of tutors, peers and the curriculum. Educ Primary Care 18(3):364–372
   Google Scholar
• GMC. 2009. Tomorrow's Doctors. [Accessed 09 September 2014] Available from www.gmc-uk.org/education/documents/GMC_TD_2009.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Gormley GJ, McGlade K, Thomson C, McGill M, Sun J. 2011. A virtual surgery in general practice: Evaluation of a novel undergraduate virtual patient learning package. Med Teach 33(10):e522–e527
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gough D, Oliver S, Thomas J. 2012. An introduction to systematic reviews. London: SAGE Publications Ltd
   Google Scholar
• Graham HJ, Seabrook M. 1995. Structured packs for independent learning in the community. Med Educ 29(1):61–65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graham HJ, Seabrook MA, Woodfield SJ. 1999. Structured packs for independent learning: A comparison of learning outcome and acceptability with conventional teaching. Br J Med Educ 33(8):579–584
   Google Scholar
• Grant AJ, Vermunt JD, Kinnersley P, Houston H. 2007. Exploring students' perceptions on the use of significant event analysis, as part of a portfolio assessment process in general practice, as a tool for learning how to use reflection in learning. BMC Med Educ 7:5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Grant A, Prout H, Hawthorne K, Tapper-Jones L, Houston H. 2010. Some effects of teaching undergraduate medical students on general practitioner thinking and learning. Educ Primary Care 21(2):97–104
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Grant A, Robling M. 2006. Introducing undergraduate medical teaching into general practice: an action research study. Med Teach 28(7):e192–e197
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Grant J, Ramsay A, Bain J. 1997. Community hospitals and general practice: Extended attachments for medical students. Med Educ 31(5):364–368
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gray J, Fine B. 1997. General practitioner teaching in the community: a study of their teaching experience and interest in undergraduate teaching in the future. Br J Gen Practice 47(423):623–626
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gray RW, Carter YH, Edwards M, Falshaw M, Gantley MM, Hagdrup NA, Sheldon MG. 2000a. Linking general practices to the medical schools: Qualitative issues. Med Educ 34(9):776–778
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gray RW, Carter YH, Edwards M, Falshaw M, Gantley MM, Hagdrup NA, Sheldon MG. 2000b. The University Linked Practices computer network project in East London and Essex: A qualitative evaluation. Med Teach 22(3):265–270
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gray RW, Carter YH, Hull SA, Sheldon MG, Ball C. 2001. Characteristics of general practices involved in undergraduate medical teaching. Br J Gen Practice 51(466):371–374
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gray S. 2000. Mapping teaching and research activity in general practice. Med Teach 22(1):64–69
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halestrap P, Leeder D. 2011. GP registrars as teachers: a survey of their level of involvement and training. Educ Primary Care 22(5):310–313
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hampshire AJ. 1998. Providing early clinical experience in primary care. Br J Med Educ 32(5):495–501
   Google Scholar
• Hampshire AJ, Avery AJ. 2001. What can students learn from studying medicine in literature? Med Educ 35(7):687–690
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hannay DR, Howe A, Miller M. 1999. Seven years' experience of continuous assessment for degree examination in general practice. Med Teach 21(2):151–155
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hannay D, Mitchell C, Chung MC. 2003. The development and evaluation of a community attachment scheme for first-year medical students. Med Teach 25(2):161–166
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harding A, Leeder D, Eynon A, Mattick K. 2011. Joint undergraduate and postgraduate practice visits: a pilot in southwest England. Educ Primary Care 22(5):343–344
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hartley S, Macfarlane F, Gantley M, Murray E. 1999. Influence on general practitioners of teaching undergraduates: qualitative study of London general practitioner teachers. BMJ 319(7218):1168–1171
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hastings AM, Fraser RC, McKinley RK. 2000. Student perceptions of a new integrated course in clinical methods for medical undergraduates. Med Educ 34(2):101–107
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hastings AM, McKinley RK, Fraser RC. 2006. Strengths and weaknesses in the consultation skills of senior medical students: Identification, enhancement and curricular change. Br J Med Educ 40(5):437–443
   Google Scholar
• Hawthorne K, Wood F, Hood K, Cannings-John R, Houston H. 2006. Learning to mark: A qualitative study of the experiences and concerns of medical markers. BMC Med Educ 6:25
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hay RJ. 1993. Undergraduate teaching in dermatology and general practice. Br J Dermatol 129(3):356
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henderson E, Berlin A, Fuller J. 2002. Attitude of medical students towards general practice and general practitioners. Br J Gen Practice 52(478):359–363
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henderson E, Hogan H, Grant A, Berlin A. 2003. Conflict and coping strategies: A qualitative study of student attitudes to significant event analysis. Med Educ 37(5):438–446
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Himmel W, Kochen MM. 1995. How do academic heads of departments of general practice organize patient care? A European survey. Br J Gen Practice 45(394):231–234
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hogg R, Spriggs B, Cook V. 2008. Do medical students want a career in general practice? A rich mix of influences! Educ Primary Care 19(1):54–64
   Google Scholar
• Hopayian K, Howe A, Dagley V. 2007. A survey of UK medical schools' arrangements for early patient contact. Med Teach 29(8):806–813
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howe A. 2000. Teaching in practice: A qualitative factor analysis of community-based teaching. Med Educ 34(9):762–768
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howe A. 2001. Patient-centred medicine through student-centred teaching: A student perspective on the key impacts of community-based learning in undergraduate medical education. Med Educ 35(7):666–672
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howe A, Dagley V, Hopayian K, Lillicrap M. 2007. Patient contact in the first year of basic medical training – Feasible, educational, acceptable? Med Teach 29(2–3):237–245
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howe A, Ives G. 2001. Does community-based experience alter career preference? New evidence from a prospective longitudinal cohort study of undergraduate medical students. Med Educ 35(4):391–397
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howe A, Billingham K, Walters C. 2002a. Helping tomorrow's doctors to gain a population health perspective - good news for community stakeholders. Med Educ 36(4):325–333
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howe A, Billingham K, Walters C. 2002b. In our own image – A multidisciplinary qualitative analysis of medical education. J Interprofess Care 16(4):379–389
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Howe A, Crofts D, Billingham K. 2000. Can nurses teach tomorrow's doctors? A nursing perspective on involvement in community-based medical education. Med Teach 22(6):576–581
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howie JG, Heaney DJ, Maxwell M, Walker JJ. 1998. A comparison of a Patient Enablement Instrument (PEI) against two established satisfaction scales as an outcome measure of primary care consultations. Fam Pract 15(2):165–171
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howman M, Walters K, Rosenthal J, Good M, Buszewicz M. 2012. Teaching about medically unexplained symptoms at medical schools in the United Kingdom. Med Teach 34(4):327–329
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jha V, Duffy S, Murdoch-Eaton D. 2002. Development of transferable skills during short special study modules: students' self-appraisal. Med Teach 24(2):202–204
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnston BT, Boohan M. 2000. Basic clinical skills: Don't leave teaching to the teaching hospitals. Br J Med Educ 34(9):692–699
   Google Scholar
• Jones M, Singh S, Lloyd M. 2005. “It isn't just consultants that need a BSc”: Student experiences of an Intercalated BSc in primary health care. Med Teach 27(2):164–168
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones M, Singh S, Meakin R. 2008. Undergraduate research in primary care: Is it sustainable? Primary Health Care Res Dev 9(1):85–95
   Google Scholar
• Jones R, Stephenson A. 2008. Quality assurance of community based undergraduate medical curricula: a cross-sectional survey. Educ Primary Care 19(2):135–142
   Google Scholar
• Jones S, Oswald N, Date J, Hinds D. 1996. Attitudes of patients to medical student participation: General practice consultations on the Cambridge Community-Based Clinical Course. Br J Med Educ 30(1):14–17
   Google Scholar
• Kay LJ, Deighton CM, Walker DJ, Hay EM. 2000. Undergraduate rheumatology teaching in the UK: A survey of current practice and changes since 1990. Rheumatology 39(7):800–803
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lammie S, Van TE, Sinclair H, Smith B, French F, Taylor R. 2002. General practitioners' experience of teaching a community course to undergraduate medical students: A qualitative study. Educ Primary Care 13(2):239–248
   Google Scholar
• Lave J, Wenger E. 1991. Situated learning: Legitimate peripheral participation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
   Google Scholar
• Lefford F, McCrorie P, Perrin F. 1994. A survey of medical undergraduate community-based teaching: Taking undergraduate teaching into the community. Med Educ 28(4):312–315
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lempp H, MacLellan M, Keen S, Nesbitt A. 2003. An example of interprofessional teaching in the community for final-year medical students: challenges and rewards. Educ Primary Care 14(3):317–328
   Google Scholar
• Lloyd MH, Rosenthal JJ. 1992. The contribution of general practice to medical education: Expectations and fulfilment. Br J Med Educ 26(6):488–496
   Google Scholar
• Lloyd-Williams M, Lloyd-Williams F. 1996. Communication skills: The House Officer's perception. J Cancer Care 5(4):151–153
   Google Scholar
• Lucas B, Pearson D. 2005. Learning medicine in primary care: Medical students' perceptions of final-year clinical placements. Educ Primary Care 16(4):440–449
   Google Scholar
• Lucas B, Pearson D. 2012. Patient perceptions of their role in undergraduate medical education within a primary care teaching practice. Educ Primary Care 23(4):277–285
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lucas H, Hagelskamp C, Scammell A. 2004. Doctors becoming GPs: GP registrars' experience of medical training and motivations for going into general practice. Educ Primary Care 15(1):76–82
   Google Scholar
• Macfarlane F, Gantley M, Murray E. 2002. The CeMENT project: A case study in change management. Med Teach 24(3):320–326
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathers J, Parry J, Lewis S, Greenfield S. 2004. What impact will an increased number of teaching general practices have on patients, doctors and medical students? Med Educ 38(12):1219–1228
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mattsson B, Freeman GK, Coles CR, Schmedlin J. 1991. General practice in the undergraduate curriculum: 20 interviews with Southampton final-year students. Med Educ 25(2):144–150
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKinley RK, Fraser RC, Baker RH, Riley RD. 2004. The relationship between measures of patient satisfaction and enablement and professional assessments of consultation competence. Med Teach 26(3):223–228
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKinley RK, Fraser RC, Van DV, Hastings AM. 2000. Formative assessment of the consultation performance of medical students in the setting of general practice using a modified version of the Leicester Assessment Package. Med Educ 34(7):573–579
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLachlan E, King N, Wenger E, Dornan T. 2012. Phenomenological analysis of patient experiences of medical student teaching encounters. Br J Med Educ 46(10):963–973
   Google Scholar
• McNiff C, Moffat M, Bond C, Lawton K. 2009. Developing a new GP placement for medical students: The Shetland experience. Educ Primary Care 20(3):184–189
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mercer SW, Maxwell M, Heaney D, Watt GC. 2004. The consultation and relational empathy (CARE) measure: Development and preliminary validation and reliability of an empathy-based consultation process measure. Fam Pract 21(6):699–705
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merriman R, Lake J, Sackin P. 2010. Medical students' perceptions of general practice as a career choice. Educ Primary Care 21(2):121–123
   Google Scholar
• Morrison JM, Murray TS. 1994. An experiment in problem-based learning. Br J Med Educ 28(2):139–145
   Google Scholar
• Morrison JM, Murray TS. 1995. Preliminary study into the opinions of patients about the presence of medical students in the general practice consultation. Health Bull 53(6):343–344
   Google Scholar
• Morrison JM, Murray TS. 1996. Career preferences of medical students: influence of a new four-week attachment in general practice. Br J Gen Practice 46(413):721–725
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrison JM, Sullivan FM. 1993. Audit: Teaching medical students in general practice. Med Educ 27(6):495–502
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mowat DHR, Hudson HM. 1996. Early patient contact for medical students: An exploration of GP teachers' perceptions. Med Teach 18(4):304–308
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray E, Alderman P, Coppola W, Grol R, Bouhuijs P, Van V. 2001. What do students actually do on an internal medicine clerkship? A log diary study. Med Educ 35(12):1101–1107
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray E, Jinks V, Modell M. 1995. Community-based medical education: Feasibility and cost. Med Educ 29(1):66–71
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray E, Jolly B, Modell M. 1997a. Can students learn clinical method in general practice? A randomised crossover trial based on objective structured clinical examinations. BMJ 315(7113):920–923
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray E, Jolly B, Modell M. 1999. A comparison of the educational opportunities on junior medical attachments in general practice and in a teaching hospital: A questionnaire survey. Med Educ 33(3):170–176
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray E, Todd C, Modell M. 1997b. Can general internal medicine be taught in general practice? An evaluation of the University College London model. Med Educ 31(5):369–374
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray SA. 1999. Experiences with “rapid appraisal” in primary care: involving the public in assessing health needs, orientating staff, and educating medical students. BMJ 318(7181):440–444
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagel C, Kirby J, Rushforth B, Pearson D. 2011. Foundation Programme doctors as teachers. Clin Teach 8(4):249–253
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nicholson S, Cook V, Cason F, Carter YH. 2005. Maintaining the quality of community-based education: an evaluation of an innovative, centralised system for giving student feedback to undergraduate general practice tutors. Educ Primary Care 16(2):184–191
   Google Scholar
• Nicholson S, Osonnaya C, Carter YH, Savage W, Hennessy E, Collinson S. 2001. Designing a community-based fourth-year obstetrics and gynaecology module: An example of innovative curriculum development. Med Educ 35(4):398–403
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicholson S, Rana-Masson S, Cushing A. 2003. Developing communication skills: A selected study module for first-year medical students using an educational constructivist approach. Educ Primary Care 14(1):44–50
   Google Scholar
• Noblit GW, Hare RD. 1988. Meta-ethnography: synthesizing qualitative studies. Newbury Park: Sage
   Google Scholar
• O'Flynn N, Spencer J, Jones R. 1997. Consent and confidentiality in teaching in general practice: Survey of patients' views on presence of students. Br Med J 315(7116):1142
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Flynn N, Spencer J, Jones R. 1999. Does teaching during a general practice consultation affect patient care? Br J Gen Practice 49(438):7–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Sullivan M, Martin J, Murray E. 2000. Students' perceptions of the relative advantages and disadvantages of community-based and hospital-based teaching: A qualitative study. Med Educ 34(8):648–655
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oakley C, Oyebode F. 2008. Medical students' views about an undergraduate curriculum in psychiatry before and after clinical placements. BMC Med Educ 8:26
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oswald N, Alderson T, Jones S. 2001. Evaluating primary care as a base for medical education: The report of the Cambridge community-based clinical course. Med Educ 35(8):782–788
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oswald NT.A. 1993. Teaching clinical methods to medical students. Med Educ 27(4):351–354
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Owen S, Blythe A, Sharp D. 2008. Do medical students learn about general practice outside working hours? An audit of UK medical schools. Educ Primary Care 19(4):389–396
   Google Scholar
• Owens P, Gibbs T. 2001. More than just a shopkeeper: Involving the community pharmacist in undergraduate medical education. Med Teach 23(3):305–309
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parle JV, Greenfield SM, Skelton J, Lester H, Hobbs FDR. 1997. Acquisition of basic clinical skills in the general practice setting. Med Educ 31(2):99–104
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearson D, Lucas B. 2011a. What are the key elements of a primary care teaching practice? Educ Primary Care 22(3):159–165
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pearson DJ, Lucas BJ. 2011b. Engagement and opportunity in clinical learning: Findings from a case study in primary care. Med Teach 33(12):e670–e677
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pink J, Cadbury N, Stanton N. 2008. Enhancing student reflection: The development of an e-portfolio. Med Educ 42(11):1132–1133
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Price R, Spencer J, Walker J. 2008. Does the presence of medical students affect quality in general practice consultations? Med Educ 42(4):374–381
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quince T, Benson J, Hibble A, Emery J. 2007. The impact of expanded general practice-based student teaching: the practices' story. Educ Primary Care 18(5):593–601
   Google Scholar
• Rees CE, Knight LV. 2008. Thinking ‘no' but saying ‘yes' to student presence in general practice consultations: Politeness theory insights. Br J Med Educ 42(12):1152–1154
   Google Scholar
• Regan MA, O'Neill PA, Whitehouse CR. 2002. Student access and use of IT during general practice attachments. Med Teach 24(4):429–433
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhodes M, Ashcroft R, Atun RA, Freeman GK, Jamrozik K. 2006. Teaching evidence-based medicine to undergraduate medical students: A course integrating ethics, audit, management and clinical epidemiology. Med Teach 28(4):313–317
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts C, Howe A, Winterburn S, Fox N. 2000. Not so easy as it sounds: A qualitative study of a shared learning project between medical and nursing undergraduate students. Med Teach 22(4):386–391
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson LA, Spencer JA, Jones RH. 1994. Contribution of academic departments of general practice to undergraduate teaching, and their plans for curriculum development. Br J Gen Practice 44(388):489–491
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson LA, Spencer JA, Neal DE. 1996. Teaching the teachers – A needs assessment of tutors for a new clinical skills course. Med Educ 30(3):208–214
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandars J, Boreham NC. 2002. The challenge of being a community tutor on the Manchester Medical Undergraduate Degree Programme. Educ Primary Care 13(3):348–355
   Google Scholar
• Schamroth AJ, Haines AP, Gallivan S. 1990. Medical student experience of London general practice teaching attachments. Med Educ 24(4):354–358
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seabrook MA, Lempp H, Woodfield SJ. 1999. Extending community involvement in the medical curriculum: Lessons from a case study. Med Educ 33(11):838–845
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silverstone Z, Whitehouse C, Willis S, McArdle P, Jones A, O'Neill PA. 2001. Students' conceptual model of a good community attachment. Med Educ 35(10):946–956
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sinclair HK, Ritchie LD, Lee AJ. 2006. A future career in general practice? A longitudinal study of medical students and pre-registration house officers. Eur J Gen Practice 12(3):120–127
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Smith LK, Pope C, Botha JL. 2005. Patients' help-seeking experiences and delay in cancer presentation: a qualitative synthesis. Lancet 366(9488):825–831
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith P, Cotton P, O'Neill A. 2009. ‘Can you take a student this morning?' Maximising effective teaching by practice nurses. Med Educ 43(5):426–433
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith P, Morrison J. 2006. Clinical clerkships: Students can structure their own learning. Br J Med Educ 40(9):884–892
   Google Scholar
• Snadden D, Yaphe J. 1996. General practice and medical education: What do medical students value? Med Teach 18(1):31–34
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanley IM, al-Shehri AM. 1992. What do medical students seek to learn from general practice? A study of personal learning objectives. Br J Gen Practice 42(365):512–516
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thistlethwaite J, Storr E. 2004. The views of general practitioner tutors on developing medical students' communication and management skills. Educ Primary Care 15(3):370–377
   Google Scholar
• Thistlethwaite JE. 1999. Introducing medical students to the concept of patient-centred consultations during a community-based teaching attachment. Med Teach 21(5):523–526
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thistlethwaite JE. 2000. Introducing community-based teaching of third year medical students: Outcomes of a pilot project one year later and implications for managing change. Educ Health 13(1):53–62
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Thistlethwaite JE, Green PD, Heywood P, Storr E. 2000. First step: Report on a pilot course for personal and professional development. Med Educ 34(2):151–154
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thistlethwaite JE, Jordan JJ. 1999. Patient-centred consultations: A comparison of student experience and understanding in two clinical environments. Med Educ 33(9):678–685
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas J, Brunton J, Graziosi S. EPPI-Reviewer 4.0: software for research synthesis. London: EPPI-Centre Software, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education; 2010
   Google Scholar
• Thompson C, Dogra N, McKinley R. 2010. A survey of general practitioners' opinions and perceived competencies in teaching undergraduate psychiatry. Educ Primary Care 21(1):20–24
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Todres M, Stephenson A, Jones R. 2007. Medical education research remains the poor relation. BMJ 335(7615):333–335
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toft K, Nagel C, Pearson D. 2012. Intercalated degrees in primary care: Luxury, folly or core business for medical schools? Educ Primary Care 23(6):451–453
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Usherwood T. 1993. Subjective and behavioural evaluation of the teaching of patient interview skills. Med Educ 27(1):41–47
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Usherwood T, Joesbury H, Hannay D. 1991. Student-directed problem-based learning in general practice and public health medicine. Med Educ 25(5):421–429
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Usherwood T, Challis M, Joesbury H, Hannay D. 1995. Competence-based summative assessment of a student-directed course: Involvement of key stakeholders. Br J Med Educ 29(2):144–149
   Google Scholar
• Wainwright JR, Sullivan FM, Morrison JM, MacNaughton RJ, McConnachie A. 1999. Audit encourages an evidence-based approach to medical practice. Med Educ 33(12):907–914
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallace P, Berlin A, Murray E, Southgate L. 2001. CeMENT: Evaluation of a regional development programme integrating hospital and general practice clinical teaching for medical undergraduates. The Community-Based Med Educ in North Thames. Med Educ 35(2):160–166
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walters K, Buszewicz M, Russell J, Humphrey C. 2003. Teaching as therapy: cross sectional and qualitative evaluation of patients' experiences of undergraduate psychiatry teaching in the community. BMJ 326(7392):740–743
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walters K, Raven P, Rosenthal J, Russell J, Humphrey C, Buszewicz M. 2007. Teaching undergraduate psychiatry in primary care: the impact on student learning and attitudes. Med Educ 41(1):100–108
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warburton B, Whitehouse CR. 1998. Students' perceptions of a learner-centred approach using problem-based learning on an undergraduate general practice course at the University of Manchester. Med Teach 20(6):590–591
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watmough S, Howard J, Taylor D. 2005. Perceptions of PRHOs and their supervisors on the introduction of undergraduate problem-based learning and community-based education in the Mersey region. Educ Primary Care 16(4):490–492
   Google Scholar
• Watmough S. 2012. An evaluation of the impact of an increase in community-based medical undergraduate education in a UK medical school. Educ Primary Care 23(6):385–390
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wenger E. 2009. Communities of Practice, 17th ed. New York: Cambridge University Press
   Google Scholar
• Whitehouse C, Rolan M, Campion P. 1997. Innovative approaches to learning and teaching in general practice. In Teaching medicine in the community: A guide for undergraduate education. Oxford: OUP. pp 139--176
   Google Scholar
• Whitehouse CR. 1998. The community experience in the new Manchester medical undergraduate curriculum: Reactions to the first module. Educ helath 11(2):173–182
   Google Scholar
• Wilson A, Fraser R, McKinley RK, Preston-Whyte E, Wynn A. 1996. Undergraduate teaching in the community: can general practice deliver? Br J Gen Practice 46(409):457–460
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson M, Cleland J. 2008. Evidence for the acceptability and academic success of an innovative remote and rural extended placement. Rural Remote Health 8(3):960
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wylie A, Robinson R, Stephenson A. 2001. Student learning centres in the community: A review of an organisation model. Med Educ 35(11):1078–1079
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wylie AM, Stephenson A, Copperman J, Wingfield R, Turner M, Steward C. 1999. Single-handed practices – Their contribution to an undergraduate teaching network in the first year of the new curriculum. Med Educ 33(7):531–536
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wylie A, Furmedge DS, Appleton A, Toop H, Coats T. 2009. Medical curricula and preventing childhood obesity: Pooling the resources of medical students and primary care to inform curricula. Educ Primary Care 20(2):87–92
   PubMedGoogle Scholar