Publication Cover
Archives of Andrology
Journal of Reproductive Systems
Volume 41, 1998 - Issue 1
180
Views
6
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

Declining Sperm Count and Fertility in Males: An Epidemiological Controversy

, &
Pages 27-30 | Published online: 09 Jul 2009

References

  • Auger J, Kunstmann J M, Czyglik F, Jouannet P. Decline in semen quality among fertile men in Paris during the past 20 years. N Engl J Med 1995; 332: 281–285
  • Boyle P, Kaye S N, Robertson A G. Changes in testicular cancer in Scotland. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 1987; 23: 827–830
  • Bromwich P, Cohen J, Stewart I, Walker A. Decline in sperm counts: an artefact of changed reference range of “normal?”. BMJ 1994; 309: 19–22
  • Bujan L, Mansat A, Pontonnier F, Mieusset R. Time series analysis of sperm concentration in fertile men in Toulouse, France, between 1977 and 1992. BMJ 1996; 312: 471–472
  • Carlsen E, Giwereman A, Keiding N, Skakkebaek N E. Evidence for decreasing quality of semen during past 50 years. BMJ 1992; 305: 609–613
  • Dikshit R K, Buch J G, Mansuri S M. Effect of tobacco consumption on semen quality of a population of hypofertile males. Fertil Steril 1987; 48: 334–336
  • Dunphy B C, Barratt C LR, von Tongelen B P, Cooke I D. Male cigarette smoking and fecundity in couples attending an infertility clinic. Andrologia 1991; 23: 223–225
  • Editorial. Male infertility: is its rising incidence due to better methods of detection or an increasing frequency?. Hum Reprod 1993; 8: 1153–1154
  • Farrow S. Sperm quality: fact or fiction?. BMJ 1994; 309: 1–2
  • Gordon G G, Altman K, Southern A L, Rubin E, Lieber C S. Effect of alcohol (ethanol) administration on sex hormone metabolism in normal men. N Engl J Med 1976; 295: 793–797
  • Gordon G G, Southern A L, Lieber C S. The effects of alcoholic liver disease and alcohol ingestion on sex hormone levels. Alcoholism (NY) 1978; 2: 259–263
  • Irvine S, Cawood E, Richardson D, MacDonald E, Aitken J. Evidence of deteriorating semen quality in the United Kingdom: birth cohort study in 577 men in Scotland over 11 years. BMJ 1996; 312: 467–471
  • Jackson M B, John Radcliffe Hospital Cryptorchidism Research Group. The epidemiology of cryptorchidism. Horm Res 1988; 30: 153–156
  • Mieusset R, Bujan L. Testicular heating and its possible contributions to male infertility: a review. Int J Androl 1995; 18: 169–184
  • National Center for Health Statistics, Moser W Pratt W. Fecundity and infertility in the United States, 1965–1988. Advanced data from vital and health statistics. No. 192. Public Health Service, Hyattsville, MD 1990, (DHHS publication no (PHS) 91–1250)
  • Oldereid N B, Rui H, Clausen O P, Purvis K. Cigarette smoking and human sperm quality assessed by laser-Doppler spectroscopy and DNA flow cytometry. J Reprod Fertil 1989; 86: 731–736
  • Parazzini F, Marchini M, Luchini L, Tozzi L, Mezzopane R, Fedele L. Tight underpants and trousers and risk of dyspermia. Int J Androl 1995; 18: 137–140
  • Parazzini F, Marchini M, Tozzi L, Mezzopane R, Fedele L. Risk factors for unexplained dyspermia in infertile men: a case-control study. Arch Androl 1993; 31: 105–113
  • Schmidt F. Rauchen schadigt die mannliche Zeugungsfahigkeit. Andrologia 1986; 18: 445–454
  • Sharpe R M, Skakkebaek N E. Are oestrogens involved in falling sperm counts and disorders of the male reproductive tract?. Lancet 1993; 341: 1392–1395
  • Sherins R J. Are semen quality and male fertility changing?. N Engl J Med 1995; 332: 327–328
  • Smith C G, Asch R H. Drug abuse and reproduction. Fertil Steril 1987; 48: 355–373
  • Stillman R J, Rosenberg M J, Sachs B P. Smoking and reproduction. Fertil Steril 1986; 46: 545–566
  • Suominen J, Vierula M. Semen quality of Finnish men. BMJ 1993; 306: 1579
  • Van Thiel D W, Gavaler J S, Lesler R, Goodman M D. Alcohol-induced testicular atrophy: an experimental model for hypogonadism occurring in chronic alcoholic men. Gastroenterology 1975; 69: 326–332
  • Editorial. An increasing incidence of cryptorchidism and hypospadias. Lancet, i: 13U

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.