Effects of exposure to static magnetic field on motor skills and iron levels in plasma and brain of rats

References

• Repacholi MH, Greenebaum B. Interaction of static and extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields with living systems: Health effects and research needs. Bioelectromagnetics 1999; 20: 133–160
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chater S, Abdelmelek H, Douki T, Garrel C, Favier A, Sakly M, Ben Rhouma K. Exposure to static magnetic field of pregnant rats induces hepatic GSH elevation but not oxidative DNA damage in liver and kidney. Archives of Medical Research 2006; 37: 941–946
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chater S, Abdelmelek H, Couton D, Joulin V, Sakly M, Ben Rhouma K. Sub-acute exposure to magnetic field induced apoptosis in thymus female rats. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 2005; 21: 292–297
   Google Scholar
• Grissom CB. Magnetic field effects in biology: A survey of possible mechanisms with emphasis on radical-pair recombination. Chemical Reviews 1995; 95: 3–24
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meneghini R. Iron homeostasis, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. Free Radical Biology & Medicine 1997; 23: 783–792
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jajte J, Grzegorczyk J, Zmyslony M, Rajkowska E. Effect of 7 mT static magnetic field and iron ions on rat lymphocytes: Apoptosis, necrosis and free radical processes. Bioelectrochemistry 2002; 57: 107–111
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amara S, Abdelmelek H, Sakly M. Effect of acute exposure to magnetic field on ionic composition of frog sciatic nerve. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 2004; 20: 91–96
   Google Scholar
• Miryam E, Aida L, Samira M, Mohsen S, Hafedh A. Effects of acute exposure to static magnetic field on ionic composition of rat spinal cord. General Physiology and Biophysics 2010; 29: 288–294
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kholodov Yu A, Lebedeva NN. Responses of the Human Nervous System on Electromagnetic Fields. Moscow: Nauka 1992; 135 p. (in Russian).
   Google Scholar
• Abdelmelek H, Molnar A, Servais S, Cottet-Emard JM, Pequignot JM, Favier R, Sakly M. Skeletal muscle HSP72 and norepinephrine response to static magnetic field in rat. Journal of Neural Transmission 2006; 113: 821–827
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kholodov YA. Influence of magnetic fields on biological objects, JPRS #63038, National Technical Information Service, U. S. Department of Commerce. 1971.
   Google Scholar
• Lai H. Spatial learning deficit in the rat after exposure to a 60 Hz magnetic field. Bioelectromagnetics 1996; 17: 494–496
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lai H, Carino MA, Ushijima I. Acute exposure to a 60 Hz magnetic field affects rats' water-maze performance. Bioelectromagnetics 1998; 19: 117–122
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis HP, Mizumori SJ, Allen H, Rosenzweig MR, Bennett EL, Tenforde TS. Behavioral studies with mice exposed to DC and 60-Hz magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics 1984; 5: 147–164
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hong CZ, Huestis P, Thompson R, Yu J. Learning ability of young rats is unaffected by repeated exposure to a static electromagnetic field in early life. Bioelectromagnetics 1988; 9: 269–273
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ammari M, Maaroufi K, Jeljeli M, Roy V, Sakly M, Abdelmelek H. Static magnetic field exposure affect behaviour and learning in rats. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine 2008; 27: 185–196
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scassellati Sforzolini G, Moretti M, Villarini M, Fatigoni C, Pasquini R. Evaluation of genotoxic and/or co-genotoxic effects in cells exposed in vitro to extremely-low frequency electromagnetic fields. Annali di Igiene 2004; 16: 321–340
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Finnie JW, Blumbergs PC, Manavis J, Utteridge TD, Gebski V, Davies RA, Vernon-Roberts B, Kuchel TR. Effect of long-term mobile communication microwave exposure on vascular permeability in mouse brain. Pathology 2002; 34: 344–347
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quock RM, Kouchich FJ, Ishii TK, Lange DG. Microwave facilitation of domperidone antagonism of apomorphine-induced stereotypic climbing in mice. Bioelectromagnetics 1987; 8: 45–55
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li CY, Sung FC. Association between occupational exposure to power frequency electromagnetic fields and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A review. American Journal of Industrial Medicine 2003; 43: 212–220
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castelnau PA, Garrett RS, Palinski W, Witztum JL, Campbell IL, Powell HC. Abnormal iron deposition associated with lipid peroxidation in transgenic mice expressing interleukin-6 in the brain. Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology 1998; 57: 268–282
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lai H, Singh NP. Magnetic-field-induced DNA strand breaks in brain cells of the rat. Environmental Health Perspectives 2004; 112: 687–694
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moos T, Morgan EH. Transferrin and transferrin receptor function in brain barrier systems. Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology 2000; 20: 77–95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ben-Shachar D, Riederer P, Youdim MB. Iron-melanin interaction and lipid peroxidation: Implications for Parkinson's disease. Journal of Neurochemistry 1991; 57: 1609–1614
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dexter DT, Carayon A, Javoy-Agid F, Agid Y, Wells FR, Daniel SE, Lees AJ, Jenner P, Marsden CD. Alterations in the levels of iron, ferritin and other trace metals in Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases affecting the basal ganglia. Brain 1991; 114: 1953–1975
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fellman V, Rapola J, Pihko H, Varilo T, Raivio KO. Iron-overload disease in infants involving fetal growth retardation, lactic acidosis, liver haemosiderosis, and aminoaciduria. Lancet 1998; 351: 490–493
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenzweig PH, Volpe SL. Iron, thermoregulation, and metabolic rate. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 1999; 39: 131–148
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeljeli M, Strazielle C, Caston J, Lalonde R. Effects of ventrolateral-ventromedial thalamic lesions on motor coordination and spatial orientation in rats. Neuroscience Research 2003; 47: 309–316
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prohaska JR, Gybina AA. Rat brain iron concentration is lower following perinatal copper deficiency. Journal of Neurochemistry 2005; 93: 698–705
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maaroufi K, Ammari M, Jeljeli M, Roy V, Sakly M, Abdelmelek H. Impairment of emotional behavior and spatial learning in adult Wistar rats by ferrous sulfate. Physiology & Behavior 2009; 96: 343–349
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lovely RH. Recent studies in the behavioral toxicology of ELF electric and magnetic fields. Progress in Clinical Biological Research 1988; 257: 327–347
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rudolph K, Krauchi K, Wirz-Justice A, Feer H. Weak 50-Hz electromagnetic fields activate rat open field behavior. Physiology & Behavior 1985; 35: 505–508
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas JR, Schrot J, Liboff AR. Low-intensity magnetic fields alter operant behavior in rats. Bioelectromagnetics 1986; 7: 349–357
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Houpt TA, Pittman DW, Barranco JM, Brooks EH, Smith JC. Behavioral effects of high-strength static magnetic fields on rats. The Journal of Neuroscience 2003; 23: 1498–1505
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duda D, Grzesik J, Pawlicki K. Changes in liver and kidney concentration of copper, manganese, cobalt and iron in rats exposed to static and low-frequency (50 Hz) magnetic fields. Journal of Trace Elements and Electrolytes in Health and Disease 1991; 5: 181–186
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hachulla E, Caulier-Leleu MT, Fontaine O, Mehianoui L, Pelerin P. Pseudo-iron deficiency in a French population living near high-voltage transmission lines: A dilemma for clinicians. European Journal of Internal Medicine 2000; 11: 351–352
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kheifets LI, Afifi AA, Buffler PA, Zhang ZW. Occupational electric and magnetic field exposure and brain cancer: A meta-analysis. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1995; 37: 1327–1341
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guenel P. [50–60 Hz electromagnetic fields and cancer risk]. Revue d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique 1997; 45: 93–95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh N, Lai H. 60 Hz magnetic field exposure induces DNA crosslinks in rat brain cells. Mutation Research 1998; 400: 313–320
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zmyslony M, Palus J, Jajte J, Dziubaltowska E, Rajkowska E. DNA damage in rat lymphocytes treated in vitro with iron cations and exposed to 7 mT magnetic fields (static or 50 Hz). Mutation Research 2000; 453: 89–96
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zmyslony M, Jajte JM. The role of free radicals in mechanisms of biological function exposed to weak, constant and net magnetic fields. Medycyna Pracy 1998; 49: 177–186
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Barkats M, Millecamps S, Bilang-Bleuel A, Mallet J. Neuronal transfer of the human Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase gene increases the resistance of dopaminergic neurons to 6-hydroxydopamine. Journal of Neurochemistry 2002; 82: 101–109
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng W, Aschner M, Ghersi-Egea JF. Brain barrier systems: A new frontier in metal neurotoxicological research. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 2003; 192: 1–11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Unger EL, Paul T, Murray-Kolb LE, Felt B, Jones BC, Beard JL. Early iron deficiency alters sensorimotor development and brain monoamines in rats. Journal of Nutrition 2007; 137: 118–124
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burhans MS, Dailey C, Wiesinger J, Murray-Kolb LE, Jones BC, Beard JL. Iron deficiency affects acoustic startle response and latency, but not prepulse inhibition in young adult rats. Physiology & Behavior 2006; 87: 917–924
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Unger EL, Bianco LE, Burhans MS, Jones BC, Beard JL. Acoustic startle response is disrupted in iron-deficient rats. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 2006; 84: 378–384
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sobotka TJ, Whittaker P, Sobotka JM, Brodie RE, Quander DY, Robl M, Bryant M, Barton CN. Neurobehavioral dysfunctions associated with dietary iron overload. Physiology & Behavior 1996; 59: 213–219
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amara S, Douki T, Garel C, Favier A, Sakly M, Rhouma KB, Abdelmelek H. Effects of static magnetic field exposure on antioxidative enzymes activity and DNA in rat brain. General Physiology and Biophysics 2009; 28: 260–265
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar