References
- Alster J, Shemesh Z, Ornan M, Attias J. Sleep disturbance associated with chronic tinnitus. Biol Psychiatry 1993; 34: 84–90
- Andersson G, Melin L, Hägnebo C, Scott B, Lindberg P. A review of psychological treatment approaches for patients suffering from tinnitus. Ann Behav Med 1995; 17: 357–66
- Attias J, Shemsh Z, Sohmer H, Gold S, Shoam C, Faraggi D. Comparison between self-hypnosis, masking and attentiveness for alleviation of chronic tinnitus. Audiology 1993; 32: 302–12
- Axelsson A, Coles R, Erlandsson S, Meikle M, Vernon J. Evaluation of tinnitus treatment: methodological aspects. J Audiol Med 1993; 2: 141–50
- Cohen J. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (second edition). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hills-dale, NJ 1988
- Coles R RA, Hallam R S. Tinnitus and its management. Br Med Bull 1987; 43: 983–98
- Davey Smith G, Egger M. Meta analysis. Unresolved issues and future developments. BMJ 1998; 316: 221–5
- Davies S, McKenna L, Hallam R S. Relaxation and cognitive therapy: a controlled trial in chronic tinnitus. Psychol Health 1995; 10: 129–43
- Dineen R, Doyle J, Bench J. Managing tinnitus: a comparison of different approaches to tinnitus management training. Br J Audiol 1997; 31: 331–44
- Egger M, Davey Smith G. Meta-analysis: potentials and promise. BMJ 1997; 315: 1371–4
- Erlandsson S, Rubenstein B, Carlsson S G. Tinnitus: evaluation of biofeedback and stomatognatic treatment. Br J Audiol 1991; 25: 151–61
- Hallam R S. Correlates of sleep disturbances in chronic distressing tinnitus. Scand Audiol 1996; 25: 263–6
- Hallam R S, Jakes S C, Hinchcliffe R. Cognitive variables in tinnitus annoyance. Br J Clin Psychol 1988; 27: 213–22
- Hallam R S, Rachman S, Hinchcliffe R. Psychological aspects of tinnitus. Contributions to Medical Psychology (Vol 3), S. Rachman. Pergamon Press, Oxford 1984; 31–53
- Haralambous G, Wilson P H, Platt-Hepworth S, Tonkin J P, Hensley V R, Kavanagh D. EMG biofeedback in the treatment of tinnitus: an experimental evaluation. Behav Res Ther 1987; 25: 49–55
- Hedges L V, Olkin I. Statistical Methods for Meta-analysis. Academic Press, San Diego, CA 1985
- Henry J L, Wilson P H. Psychological management of tinnitus: comparison of a combined cognitive educational program, education alone and a waiting-list control. Int Tinnitus J 1996; 2: 1–12
- Henry J L, Wilson P H. An evaluation of two types of cognitive intervention in the management of chronic tinnitus. Scand J Behav Ther 1998; 27: 156–66
- Hiller W, Goebel G. A psychometric study of complaints in chronic tinnitus. J Psychosom Res 1992; 36: 337–48
- House J W, Miller L, House P R. Severe tinnitus: treatment with biofeedback training (results in 41 cases). Tr Am Acad Ophth and Otol 1977; 84: 697–703
- Hunter J E, Schmidt F L. Methods of Meta-analysis. Correcting error and bias in research findings. Sage, Newbury Park 1990
- Ireland C E, Wilson P H, Tonkin J P, Platt-Hepworth S. An evaluation of relaxation training in the treatment of tinnitus. Behav Res Ther 1985; 23: 423–30
- Jakes S C, Hallam R S, Rachman S, Hinchcliffe R. The effects of reassurance, relaxation training and distraction on chronic tinnitus sufferers. Behav Res Ther 1986; 24: 497–507
- Jakes S C, Hallam R S, McKenna L, Hinchcliffe R. Group therapy for medical patients: an application to tinnitus. Cognit Ther Res 1992; 16: 67–82
- Jastreboff P J, Hazell J WP. A neurophysiological approach to tinnitus: clinical implications. Br J Audiol 1993; 27: 7–17
- Kaye J M, Marlowe F I, Ramchandani D, Berman S, Schindler B, Loscalzo G. Hypnosis as an aid for tinnitus patients. Ear Nose Throat J 1994; 73: 309–15
- Kirsch C A, Blanchard E B, Parnes S M. A review of behavioral techniques in the treatment of subjective tinnitus. Ann Behav Med 1989; 11: 58–65
- Kröner-Herwig B, Hebing G, Van Rijn-Kalkmann U, Frenzel A, Schilkowsky G, Esser G. The management of chronic tinnitus. Comparison of a cognitive-behavioural group training with yoga. J Psychosom Res 1995; 39: 153–65
- Lindberg P, Scott B, Melin L, Lyttkens L. Long-term effects of psychological treatment of tinnitus. Scand Audiol 1987; 16: 167–72
- Lindberg P, Scott B, Melin L, Lyttkens L. Behavioural therapy in the clinical management of tinnitus. Br J Audiol 1988; 22: 265–72
- Lindberg P, Scott B, Melin L, Lyttkens L. The psychological treatment of tinnitus: an experimental evaluation. Behav Res Ther 1989; 27: 593–603
- Lundh L-G. Cognitive-behavioural analysis and treatment of insomnia. Scand J Behav Ther 1998; 27: 10–29
- Mann C C. Can meta-analysis make policy?. Science 1994; 266: 960–2
- Møller A R. Similarities between chronic pain and tinnitus. Am J Otol 1997; 18: 577–85
- Murai K, Tyler R S, Harker L A, Stouffer J L. Review of pharmacological treatment of tinnitus. Am J Otol 1992; 13: 454–64
- Rosenthal R. Meta-analytic Procedures for Social Research (revised edition). Sage, Newbury Park 1991
- Sadlier M, Stephens S DG. An approach to the audit of tinnitus management. J Laryngol Otol 1995; 109: 826–9
- Scott B, Lindberg P, Melin L, Lyttkens L. Psychological treatment of tinnitus. An experimental group study. Scand Audiol 1985; 14: 223–30
- Sharpe D. Of apples and oranges, file drawers and garbage: why validity issues in meta-analysis will not go away. Clin Psychol Rev 1997; 17: 881–901
- Stephens S DG, Hallam R S, Jakes S C. Tinnitus: a management model. Clin Otolaryngol 1986; 11: 227–38
- Stouffer J L, Tyler R S, Kileny P R, Dalzell L E. Tinnitus as a function of duration and etiology: counselling implications. Am J Otolaryngol 1991; 12: 188–94
- Sweetow R W. The evolution of cognitive-behavioral therapy as an approach to tinnitus management. Int Tinnitus J 1995; 1: 61–5
- Tyler R S. Perspectives on tinnitus. Br J Audiol 1997; 31: 381–6
- Tyler R S, Baker L J. Difficulties experienced by tinnitus sufferers. J Speech Hear Disord 1983; 48: 150–4
- Watson D, Clark L A. Negative affectivity: the disposition to experience aversive emotional states. Psychol Bull 1984; 96: 465–90
- Wilson P H, Henry J L. Psychological approaches in the management of tinnitus. Aust J Otolaryngol 1993; 1: 296–302
- Wilson P H, Henry J L, Andersson G, Hallam R S, Lindberg P. A critical analysis of directive counselling as a component of tinnitus retraining therapy. Br J Audiol 1998; 32: 273–86
- Wilson P H, Henry J, Bowen M, Haralambous G. Tinnitus reaction questionnaire: psychometric properties of a measure of distress associated with tinnitus. J Speech Hear Res 1991; 34: 197–201
- Wise K, Rief W, Goebel G. Meeting the expectations of chronic tinnitus patients: comparison of a structured group therapy program for tinnitus management with a problem-solving group. J Psychosom Res 1998; 44: 681–5