Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Clinical Features of Asbestos-Associated Cancers

References

• Alleman J., Mossman B. T. Asbestos revisited Sci Am
   Google Scholar
• Health Effects Institute—Asbestos Research. Asbestos in Public and Commercial Buildings: A Literature Review and Synthesis of Current Knowledge. Health Effects Institute—Asbestos Research, Cambridge, MA 1991; 1-A–218
   Google Scholar
• Mossman B. T., Bignon J., Corn M., et al. Asbestos: Scientific developments and implication for public policy. Science 1990; 247: 294–301
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huncharek M. Asbestos and cancer: Epidemiological and public health controversies. Cancer Invest 1994; 12: 214–222
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spengler J. D., Ozkaynak H., McCarthy J. F., et al. Summary of Symposium on Health Aspects of Exposure to Asbestos in Buildings. Energy and Environmental Policy Center, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 1989; 1–297
   Google Scholar
• Corn M., Crump K., Farrar D. B., et al. Airborne concentrations of asbestos in 71 school buildings. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 1991; 13: 99–114
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Council on Scientific Affairs, American Medical Association. Asbestos removal, health hazards and the EPA. JAMA 1991; 255: 696–697
   Google Scholar
• Reynolds T. Asbestos-linked cancer rates up less than predicted: News and commentary. J Natl Cancer Inst 1992; 84: 560–562
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mossman B. T., Gee J. BL. Asbestos-related diseases. N Engl J Med 1989; 320: 1721–1730
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Churg A., Wright J. L., Vedal S. Fiber burden and patterns of asbestos-related disease in chrysotile miners and millers. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993; 148: 25–31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Health Effects of Mineral Dusts, Reviews in Mineralogy, G. D. Guthrie, Jr, B. T. Mossman. Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC 1993; Vol. 28: 1–584
   Google Scholar
• Gibbs A. R. Role of asbestos and other fibres in the development of diffuse malignant mesothelioma. Thorax 1990; 45: 649–659
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doll R. Mineral fibres in the non-occupational environment: Concluding remarks. Non-Occupational Exposure to Mineral Fibres, J. Bignon, J. Pelo, R. Saracci. International Agency for Research on Cancer, LyonFrance 1989; 511–529, IARC Scientific Publication no. 90
   Google Scholar
• Churg A. Chrysotile, tremolite, and malignant mesothelioma in man. Chest 1988; 93: 621–628
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDonald A. D., McDonald J. C. Epidemiology of malignant mesothelioma. Asbestos-Related Malignancy, K. Antman, J. Aisner. Grune & Stratton, Orlando, FL 1987; 31–35
   Google Scholar
• Morgan A., Holmes A. Solubility of asbestos and man-made mineral fibers in vitro and in vivo: Its significance in lung disease. Environ Res 1986; 39: 475–484
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Churg A., Wright J. L., Gilks B., et al. Rapid short-term clearance of chrysotile compared with amosile asbestos in the guinea pig. Am Rev Respir Dis 1989; 139: 885–890
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becklake M. R., Case B. W. Editorial: Fiber burden and asbestos-related lung disease: Determinants of dose-response relationships. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 150: 1488–1492
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Churg A. Asbestos lung burden and disease patterns in man. Health Effects of Mineral Dusts, G. Guthrie, B. T. Mossman. Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC 1993; Vol. 28: 410–426, Reviews in Mineralogy
   Google Scholar
• Haque A., Kanz M. F. Asbestos bodies in children's lungs. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1988; 112: 514–518
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Selikoff I. J. Historical developments and perspectives in inorganic fiber toxicily in man. Environ Health Perspect 1990; 88: 269–276
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ernster V. L., Mustaccni P., Osaim K. E. Epidemiology of lung cancer. Textbook of Respiratory Medicine, J. F. Murray, J. A. Nadel. WB Saunders, New York 1994; Vol II: 1504–1527
   Google Scholar
• Lemen R. A., Dement J. M., Wagoner. Epidemiology of asbestos-related diseases. Environ Health Perspect 1980; 20: 1–21
   Google Scholar
• Kipen H. M., Lilis R., Suzuki Y., et al. Pulmonary fibrosis in asbestos insulation workers with lung cancer: A radiological and histopathological evaluation. Br J Indust Med 1987; 44: 96–100
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hammond E. C., Selikoff I. J., Seidman H. Asbestos exposure, cigarette smoking and death rates. Ann NY Acad Sci 1979; 330: 473–492
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Saracci R. Asbestos and lung carcinoma: An analysis of the epidemiologic evidence on the asbestos-smoking interaction. Int J Cancer 1977; 20: 327–329
   Google Scholar
• Byers T. E., Vena J. E., Rzepka T. F. Predilection of lung cancers for the upper lobes: An epidemiologic inquiry. J Natl Cancer Inst 1984; 72: 1271–1275
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Craighead J. E., Abraham J. L., Churg A., et al. The pathology of asbestos-associated diseases of the lungs and pleural cavities: Diagnostic criteria and proposed grading schema. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1982; 106: 540–597
   Google Scholar
• Raffn E., Lynge E., Korsgaard B. Incidence of lung cancer by histological type among asbestos cement workers in Denmark. Br J Indust Med 1993; 50: 85–89
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Anttila S., Karjalainen A., Taikina-Aho O., et al. Lung cancer in the lower lobe is associated with pulmonary asbestos fiber count and fiber size. Environ Health Perspect 1993; 101: 166–170
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Auerbach O., Garfinkel L., Parks V. R., et al. Histologic type of lung cancer and asbestos exposure. Cancer 1984; 54: 3017–3021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johansson L., Albin M., Jacobsson K., McKoczy Z. Histologic type of lung cancer in asbestos cement workers and in material articles. Br J Indust Med 1992; 49: 626–630
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Enterline P. E. Changing altitudes and opinions regarding asbestos and cancer. Am J Indust Med 1991; 20: 685–700
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mannino D., Etzel R., Cobb N. Deaths with asbestosis in the United States, 1968 through 1988. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992; 145: 334(A)
   Google Scholar
• Doll R. Mortality from lung cancer in asbestos workers. Br J Indust Med 1955; 12: 81–86
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Davis J. MG, Cowie H. A. The relationship between fibrosis and cancer in experimental animals exposed to asbestos and other fibers. Environ Health Perspect 1990; 88: 305–309
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes J. M., Weill H. Asbestosis as a precursor of asbestos-related lung cancer: Results of a prospective mortality study. Br J Indust Med 1991; 48: 229–233
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• DeVuysl P., Dumortier P., Jacobovitz D., et al. Environmental asbestosis complicated by lung cancer. Chest 1994; 105: 1593–1595
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warnock M. L., Isenberg W. Asbestos burden and the pathology of lung cancer. Chest 1986; 89: 20–26
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edelman D. A. Does asbestosis increase the risk of lung cancer. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 1990; 62: 345–349
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner-Warwick M., Lebowitz M., Burrows B., et al. Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis and lung cancer. Thorax 1980; 35: 496–499
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merchant J. A. Human epidemiology: A review of fiber type and characteristics in the development of malignant and nonmalignant disease. Environ Health Perspect 1990; 88: 287–293
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller A., Lilis R., Godbold J., et al. Relationship of pulmonary function to radiographic interstitial fibrosis in 2611 long term asbestos insulators. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992; 145: 263–269
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Weiss W. Asbestos-related pleural plaques and lung cancer. Chest 1993; 103: 1854–1859
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith D. D. Plaques, cancer and confusion. Chest 1994; 105: 8–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peto J., Doll R., Herman C., et al. Relationship of mortality to measures of environmental asbestos pollution in an asbestos textile factory. Ann Occup Hyg 1985; 29: 305–355
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Selikoff I. Latency of asbestos disease among insulation workers in the United States and Canada. Cancer 1980; 46: 2736–2740
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Light R. W. Tumors of the pleura. Textbook of Respiratory Medicine, J. F. Murray, J. A. Nadel. WB Saunders, New York 1994; Vol II: 2222–2234
   Google Scholar
• Enterline P. E., Henderson V. L. Geographic patterns for pleural mesothelioma deaths in the United States, 1968–81. J Natl Cancer Inst 1987; 79: 31–37
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDonald J. C., Sebastien P., McDonald A. D., Case B. Epidemiological observations on mesothelioma and the implications for nonoccupational exposure. Non-Occupational Exposure to Mineral Fibres, J. Bignon, J. Peto, R. Saracchi. International Agency for Research on Cancer, LyonFrance 1989; 420–427, IARC Sci Publ 90
   Google Scholar
• Vogelzang N. J. Malignant mesothelioma: Diagnosis and management. Semin Oncol 1992; 19(Suppl 11)64–71
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rovia G. C., Sartori F., Calabro F., et al. The association of pleural mesothelioma and tuberculosis. Am Rev Respir Dis 1982; 126: 569–571
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pass H. I., Pogrebniak H. W. Malignant pleural mesothelioma. Curr Prob Surg 1993; 30: 921–1020
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Boutin C., Rey F. Thoracoscopy in pleural malignant mesothelioma: A prospective study of 188 consecutive patients. Part 1: Diagnosis. Cancer 1993; 72: 389–393
   Google Scholar
• Hillerdal G. Malignant mesothelioma 1982: Review of 4710 published cases. Br J Dis Chest 1983; 77: 321–343
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Beauchamp H. D., Kundra N. K., Aranson R., et al. The role of closed pleural needle biopsy in the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma. Chest 1992; 102: 1110–1112
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moch H., Oberholzer M., Dalquen P., et al. Diagnostic tools for differentiating between pleural mesothelioma and lung adenocarcinoma in paraffin embedded tissue. Part I: Immunohistochemical findings. Virchows Arch A Path Anat Histopath 1993; 423: 19–27
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nurmien M., Dejmek A., Martensson G., et al. Clinical utility of liquid-chromatographic analysis of effusions for hyaluronate content. Clin Chem 1994; 40: 777–780
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martensson G., Thylen A., Lindquist U., et al. The sensitivity of hyaluronan analysis of pleural fluid from patients with malignant mesothelioma and a comparison of different methods. Cancer 1994; 73: 1406–1410
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carbone M., Pass H. I., Rizzo P., et al. Simian virus 40-like DNA sequences in human pleural mesothelioma. Oncogene 1994; 9: 1781–1790
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walker C., Rutten F., Yuan X., et al. Wilms' tumor suppressor gene expression in rat and human mesothelioma. Cancer Res 1994; 54: 3101–3106
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park S., Schalling M., Bernard A., et al. The Wilms tumor suppressor gene WT1 is expressed in murine mesoderm-derived tissues and mutated in a human mesothelioma. Nature Genet 1993; 4: 415–420
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boutin C., Rey F., Gouvernet J., et al. Thoracoscopy in pleural malignant mesothelioma: A prospective study of 188 consecutive patients. Part 2: Prognosis and staging. Cancer 1993; 72: 394–404
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sugarbaker D. J., Strauss G. M., Lynch T. J., et al. Node status has prognostic significance in the multimodality therapy of diffuse, malignant mesothelioma. J Clin Oncol 1993; 11: 1172–1178
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carr D. T., Holoye P. Y., Hong W. K. Bronchogenic carcinoma. Textbook of Respiratory Medicine, J. F. Murray, J. A. Nadel. WB Saunders, New York 1994; Vol II: 1528–1596
   Google Scholar
• Ruckdeschel J. C. Therapeutic options for the treatment of small cell and non-small cell lung cancer. Curr Opin Oncol 1993; 5: 323–334
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Law M. R., Gregor A., Hodson M. E., et al. Malignant mesothelioma of the pleura: A study of 52 trealed and 64 untreated patients. Thorax 1984; 39: 255–259
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mew D., Pass H. I. Malignant mesotheliomas: A clinical challenge. Contemp Oncol 1993; 3(12)50–67
   Google Scholar
• Smythe W. R., Hwang H. C., Amin K. M., et al. Use of recombinant adenovirus to transfer the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSVtk) gene to thoracic neoplasms: An effective in vitro drug sensitization system. Cancer Res 1994; 54: 2055–2059
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamp D. W., Graceffa P., Pryor W., et al. The role of free radicals in asbestos-induced diseases. Free Rad Biol Med 1992; 112: 673–720
   Google Scholar
• Janssen Y. MW, van Houten B., Borm P. JA, et al. Cell and tissue responses to oxidative damage. Lab Invest 1993; 69: 261–274
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walker C., Everitt J., Barrett J. C. Possible cellular and molecular mechanisms of asbestos carcinogenicity. Am J Indust Med 1993; 21: 253–273
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanden A., Jarvholm B., Larsson S. The risk of lung cancer and mesothelioma after cessation of asbestos exposure: A prospective cohort study of shipyard workers. Eur Respir J 1992; 5: 281–285
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petruska J. M., Leslie K. O., Mossman B. T. Enhanced lipid peroxidation in bronchoalveolar lavage of rats after inhalation of crocidolite asbestos. Free Rad Biol Med 1991; 11: 425–431
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weitzman S. A., Weitberg A. B. Asbestos-catalyzed lipid peroxidalion and its inhibition by desferrioxamine. Biochem J 1985; 225: 259–262
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mossman B. T., Marsh J. P., Shatos M. A. Alteration of superoxide dismutase activity in tracheal epithelial cells by asbestos and inhibition of cytotoxicity by antioxidants. Lab Invest 1986; 54: 204–212
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shatos M. A., Doherty J. M., Marsh J. P., et al. Prevention of asbestos-induced cell death in rat lung fibroblasts and alveolar macrophages by scavengers of active oxygen species. Environ Res 1987; 44: 103–116
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodlick L. A., Pietras L. A., Kane A. Evaluation of the causal relationship between crocidolite asbestos-induced lipid peroxidation and toxicity to macrophages. Am Rev Respir Dis 1989; 139: 1265–1273
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mossman B. T., Marsh J. P., Sesko A., et al. Inhibition of lung injury, inflammation, and interstitial pulmonary fibrosis by polyethylene glycol-conjugated catalase in a rapid inhalation model of asbestosis. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990; 141: 1266–1271
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones R. N. Asbestos exposures and thoracic neoplasms. Semin Roentgenol 1992; 27: 94–101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weitzman S. A., Graceffa P. Asbestos catalyzes hydroxyl and super-oxide radical generation from hydrogen peroxide. Arch Biochem Biophys 1984; 228: 373–376
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gulumian M., Van Wyk J. A. Hydroxyl radical production in the presence of fibers by a Fenton-type reaction. Chem Biol Interact 1987; 62: 89–97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schapira R. M., Ohio A. J., Effros R. M., et al. Hydroxyl radicals are formed in the rat lung after asbestos instillation in vivo. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1994; 10: 573–579
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lund L. G., Aust A. E. Iron mobilization from crocidolite asbestos greatly enhances crocidolite-dependent formation of DNA single-strand breaks in £X174 RF1 DNA. Carcinogenesis 1992; 13: 637–642
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansen K., Mossman B. T. Generation of superoxide (O2) from alveolar macrophages exposed to asbestiform and nonfibrous particles. Cancer Res 1987; 47: 1681–1686
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Driscoll K. E. In vitro evaluation of mineral cytotoxicity and inflammatory activity. Health Effects of Mineral Dusts. Reviews in Mineralogy, G. D. Guthrie, Jr, B. T. Mossman. Mineralogical society of America, Washington, DC 1993; Vol. 28: 489–512
   Google Scholar
• Weitzman S. A., Weitberg A. B., Clark E., et al. Phagocytes as carcinogens: Malignant transformation produced by human neutrophils. Science 1985; 227: 1231–1233
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rom W. N., Bitterman P. B., Rennard S. I., et al. Characterization of the lower respiratory tract inflammation of nonsmoking individuals with interstitial lung disease associated with chronic inflammation of inorganic dusts. Am Rev Respir Dis 1987; 136: 1429–1434
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quinlan T. R., Marsh J. P., Janssen Y. MW, et al. Dose-responsive increases in pulmonary fibrosis after inhalation of asbestos. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 150: 200–206
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamp D. W., Dunn M. M., Sbalchiero J. S., et al. Contrasting effects of alveolar macrophages and neutrophils on asbestos-induced pulmonary epithelial cell injury. Am J Physiol 1994; 266: L84–L91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shelby M. D. The genetic toxicity of human carcinogens and its implications. Mutat Res 1988; 204: 3–15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hei T. K., Paio C. Q., He Z. Y., et al. Chrysotile fiber is a strong mutagen in mammalian cells. Cancer Res 1992; 52: 6305–6309
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yegles M., Saint-Etienne L., Renier A., et al. Induction of metaphase and anaphase/telophase abnormalities by asbestos fibers in rat pleural mesothelial cells in vitro. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1993; 9: 186–191
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pelin K., Husgafvel-Pursiainen K., Vallas M., et al. Cytotoxicity and anaphase aberrations induced by mineral fibres in cultured human mesolhelial cells. Toxic In Vitro 1992; 6: 445–450
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leanderson P., Soderkvist P., Tagesson C., et al. Formation of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine by asbestos and man made mineral fibres. Br J Indust Med 1988; 45: 309–311
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Korkina L. G., Durnev A. D., Suslova T. B., et al. Oxygen radical-mediated mulagenic effect of asbestos on human lymphocytes: Suppression by oxygen radical scavengers. Mutat Res 1992; 265: 245–253
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kodama Y., Boreiko C. J., Maness S. C., et al. Cytotoxic and cytogenetic effects of asbestos on human bronchial epithelial cells in culture. Carcinogenesis 1993; 14: 691–697
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chao C. C., Ausl A. E. Effect of long term removal of iron from asbestos by deferoxamine on subsequent mobilization by other chelalors and induction of DNA single-strand breaks. Arch Biochem Biophys 1994; 308: 64–69
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamp D. W., Israbian V. A., Preussen S. E., et al. Asbestos causes DNA strand breaks incultured pulmonary epithelial cells. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993; 147: 912A
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerde P., Scholander P. Adsorption of benzo(a)pyrene onto asbestos and man-made mineral fibers in an aqueous solution and in a biological model system. Br J Indust Med 1988; 31(45)682–688
   Google Scholar
• Eastman A., Mossman B. T., Bresnick E. Influence of asbestos on the uptake of benzo[a]pyrene and DNA alkylation in hamster tracheal epithelial cells. Cancer Res 1983; 43: 1251–1255
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graceffa P., Weitzman S. A. Asbestos catalyzes the formation of the 6-oxobenzo[a]pyrene radical from 6-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene. Arch Biochem Biophys 1987; 253: 481–484
   Google Scholar
• Arif J. M., Khan S. G., Asian M., et al. Diminution in kerosene-mediated induction of drug metabolizing enzymes by asbestos in rat lungs. Pharmacol Toxicol 1992; 71: 37–40
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McFadden D., Wright J. L., Wiggs B., et al. Smoking inhibits asbestos clearance. Am Rev Respir Dis 1986; 133: 372–374
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McFadden D., Wright J., Wiggs B., et al. Cigarette smoke increases the penetration of asbestos fibers into airway walls. Am J Pathol 1986; 123: 95–99
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heintz N. H., Janssen Y. M., Mossman B. T. Persistent induction of c-fos and c-jun protooncogene expression by asbestos. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1993; 90: 3299–3304
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ames B. N., Gold L. S. Mitogenesis increases mutagenesis. Science 1990; 249: 970–971
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koizumi A., Tsukada M., Hirano S., et al. Energy restriction that inhibits cellular proliferation by torpor can decrease susceptibility to spontaneous and asbestos-induced lung tumors in A/J mice. Lab Invest 1993; 68: 728–739
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sugio K., Kishimoto Y., Virmani A. K., et al. K.-ras mutations are a relatively late event in the pathogenesis of lung carcinomas. Cancer Res 1994; 54: 5811–5815
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Husgafvel-Pursiainen K., Hackman P., Ridanpaa M., et al. K-ras mutations in human adenocarcinoma of the lung: Association with smoking and occupational exposure to asbestos. Int J Cancer 1993; 53: 250–256
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sundaresan V., Ganly P., Haleton P., et al. p53 and chromosome 3 abnormalities, characteristic of malignant lung tumors, are detectable in preinvasive lesions of the bronchus. Oncogene 1992; 7: 1989–1997
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cote R. J., Jhanwar S. C., Novick S., et al. Genetic alterations of the p53 gene are a feature of malignant mesotheliomas. Cancer Res 1991; 51: 5410–5416
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Metcalf R. A., Welsh J. A., Bennett W. P., et al. p53 and Kirsten-ras mutations in human mesothelioma cell lines. Cancer Res 1991; 52: 2610–2615
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van der Meeren A., Seddon M. B., Kispert J., et al. Lack of expression of the retinoblastomagene is not frequently involved in the genesis of human mesothelioma. Eur Respir Rev 1993; 3: 177–179
   Google Scholar
• Mayall F. G., Goddard H., Gibbs A. R. The frequency of p53 immunostaining in asbestos-associated mesotheliomas and non-asbestos-associated mesotheliomas. Histopathology 1993; 22: 383–386
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng J. Q., Jhanwar S. C., Klein W. M., et al. p16 alterations and deletion mapping of 9p21 -p22 in malignant mesothelioma. Can Res 1994; 54: 5547–5551
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taguchi T., Jhanwar S. C., Siegfried J. M., et al. Recurrent deletions of specific chromosomal sites in 1p, 3p, 6q, and 9p in human malignant mesothelioma. Cancer Res 1993; 53: 4349–4355
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wagner J. C., Griffiths D. M., Hill R. J. The effect of fibre size on the in vivo activity of UICC crocidolite. Br J Cancer 1984; 49: 455–458
   Google Scholar
• Stanton M. F., Wrench C. Mechanisms of mesothelioma induction with asbestos and fibrous glass. J Natl Cancer Inst 1972; 48: 797–821
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis J. MB, Addison J., Bolton R. E., et al. The pathogenicity of long versus short fiber samples of amosite asbestos administered to rats by inhalation and intraperitoneal injection. Br J Exp Pathol 1986; 67: 415–430
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wylie A. G., Bailey K. F., Kelse J. W., et al. The importance of width in asbestos fiber carcinogenicity and its implications for public policy. Am Indust Hyg Assoc J 1993; 54: 239–252
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jansen Y. MW, March J. P., Absher M. P., et al. Oxidant stress responses inhuman plcural mesothelial cells exposed to asbestos. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 149: 795–802
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janssen Y. MW, Marsh J. P., Absher M. P., et al. Expression of antioxidant enzymes in rat lungs after inhalation of asbestos or silica. J Biol Chem 1992; 267: 10625–10630
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mossman B. T., Craighead J. E., MacPherson B. Asbestos-induced epithelial changes in organ cultures of hamster trachea: Inhibition by retinyl methyl ether. Science 1980; 207: 311–313
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Poppel G., Kok F. J., Hermus R. J. β-Carotene supplementation in smokers reduces the frequency of micronuclei in sputum. Br J Cancer 1992; 66: 1164–1168
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Omenn G. S., Goodman G., Thornquist M., et al. The β-Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial (CARET) for chemoprevention of lung cancer in high risk populations: Smokers and asbestos-exposed workers. Cancer Res 1994; 54: 2038–2043
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar