Effect of Number of Graphic Symbols, Levels, and Listening Conditions on Symbol Identification and Latency in Persons with Aphasia

References

• Arvedson, J. C., & McNeil, M. R. (1986). Accuracy and response times for semantic judgments and lexical decisions with left and right hemisphere lesions. Clinical Aphasiology, 17, 188–200.
   Google Scholar
• Baddeley, A. (2000). The episodic buffer: A new component of working memory?Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4, 417–423.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck, A. R., & Fritz, H. (1998). Can people who have aphasia learn iconic codes?Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 14, 184–195.
   Google Scholar
• Beukelman, D. R., & Mirenda, P. (2013). Augmentative and alternative communication: Supporting children and adults with complex communication needs. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes.
   Google Scholar
• Breedin, S. D., & Martin, R. C. (1996). Patterns of verb impairment in aphasia: An analysis of four cases. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 13, 51–91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Broadbent, D. E. (1958). Perception and communication. New York: Pergamon Press.
   Google Scholar
• Clark, H. M., & Robin, D. A. (1995). Sense of effort during a lexical decision task: Resource allocation deficits following brain damage. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 4, 143–147.
   Google Scholar
• Darley, F. L. (1982). Aphasia. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders.
   Google Scholar
• Drager, K. D. R., Light, J. C., Carlson, R., D’Silva, K., Larsson, B., Pitkin, L., & Stopper, G. (2004). Learning of dynamic display AAC technologies by typically developing 3-year olds: Effects of different layouts and menu approaches. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 47, 1133–1148.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duffy, R. J., & Duffy, J. R., (1981). Three studies of deficits in pantomimic expression and pantomimic recognition in aphasia. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 24, 70–84.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Erickson, R. J., Goldinger, S. D., & LaPointe, L .L. (1996). Auditory vigilance in aphasic individuals: Detecting nonlinguistic stimuli with full or divided attention. Brain and Cognition, 30, 244–253.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gainotti, G., Silveri, M. C., & Sena, E. (1989). Pictorial memory in patients with right, left and diffuse brain damage. Journal of Neurolinguistics, 4, 479–495.
   Google Scholar
• Garrett, K. L., & Kimelman, M. D. Z. (2000). AAC and aphasia: Cognitive-linguistic considerations. In D. R. Beukelman, K. M. Yorkston, & J. Reichle (Eds.), Augmentative and alternative communication for adults with acquired neurologic disorders (pp. 339–374). Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes.
   Google Scholar
• Garrett, K. L., & Lasker, J. P. (2013). Adults with severe aphasia and apraxia of speech. In D. R. Beukelman, & P. Mirenda, (Eds.), Augmentative and alternative communication: Supporting children and adults with complex communication needs (pp. 404–446). Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Haarmann, H. J., Just, M. A., & Carpenter, P. A. (1997). Aphasic sentence comprehension as a resource deficit: A computational approach. Brain and Language, 59, 76–120.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hegde, M. N., (2003). Clinical research in communicative disorders: Principles and strategies. Austin, TX: PRO-ED.
   Google Scholar
• Johnson, R. K., Hough, M. S., King, K. A., Vos, P., & Jeffs, T. (2008). Functional communication in individuals with chronic severe aphasia using augmentative communication. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 24, 269–280.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahneman, D. (1973). Attention and effort. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Kertesz, A. (2007). Western Aphasia Battery (Revised). San Antonio: PsychCorp.
   Google Scholar
• Kinnear, P. R., & Gray, C. D. (2009). SPSS 16 made simple. New York, NY: Psychology Press.
   Google Scholar
• Koul, R. K. (2011). Augmentative and alternative communication for adults with aphasia. UK: Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
   Google Scholar
• Koul, R.K., & Corwin, M. (2011). Augmentative and alternative communication intervention for persons with chronic severe aphasia: Bringing research to practice. EBP Briefs, 6, 1–8.
   Google Scholar
• Koul, R. K., Corwin, M., & Hayes, S. (2005). Production of graphic symbol sentences by individuals with aphasia: Efficacy of a computer-based augmentative and communication intervention. Brain and Language, 92, 58–77.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koul, R. K., Corwin, M., Nigam, R., & Oetzel, S. (2008). Training individuals with severe Broca's aphasia to produce sentences using graphic symbols: Implications for AAC intervention. Journal of Assistive Technologies, 2, 23–34.
   Google Scholar
• Koul, R. K., & Harding, R. (1998). Identification and production of graphic symbols by individuals with aphasia: Efficacy of a software application. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 14, 11–24.
   Google Scholar
• Koul, R. K., & Lloyd, L. L. (1998). Comparison of graphic symbol learning in individuals with aphasia and right hemisphere brain damage. Brain and Language, 62, 394–421.
   Google Scholar
• Koul, R. K., Petroi, D., & Schlosser, R. (2010). Systematic review of speech generating devices for aphasia. In J. W. Mullennix & S. Stern (Eds.), Computer synthesized speech technologies: Tools for aiding impairment. Hershey, PA: IGI Global.
   Google Scholar
• Light, J., & Drager, K., McCarthy, J., Mellott, S., Millar, D., Parrish, C., … Welliver, M. (2004). Performance of typically developing four -and five year old children with AAC systems using different language organization techniques. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 20, 63–88.
   Google Scholar
• Light, J., & Drager, K. (2007). AAC technologies for young children with complex communication needs: State of the science and future research directions. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 23, 204–216.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Light, J., & McNaughton, D. (2012). The changing face of augmentative and alternative communication: Past, present, and future challenges. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 28, 197–204.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leech, N. L., Barrett, K. C., & Morgan, G. A. (2008). SPSS for intermediate statistics: Use and interpretation. New York: Taylor & Francis Group.
   Google Scholar
• Martin, N., Ayala, J., & Saffron, E. M. (2002). Lexical influences on serial position effects in verbal STM span in aphasia. Brain and Language, 83, 92–95.
   Google Scholar
• McCall, D., Shelton, J. R., Weinrich, M., & Cox, D. (2000). The utility of computerized visual communication for improving natural language in chronic global aphasia: Implications for approaches to treatment in global aphasia. Aphasiology, 14, 795–826.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McNeil, M. R. (1988). Aphasia in the adults. In N. J. Lass, L. V. McReynolds, J. L. Northern, & D.E. Yoder (Eds.), Handbook of speech-language pathology and audiology (pp. 738–786). Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders Company.
   Google Scholar
• McNeil, M. R., Odell, K., & Tseng, C. (1991). Toward the integration of resource allocation into a general theory of aphasia. Clinical Aphasiology, 20, 21–39.
   Google Scholar
• McNeil, M. R., & Pratt, S. R. (2001). Defining aphasia: Some theoretical and clinical implications of operating from a formal definition. Aphasiology, 15, 901–911.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray, L. L. (2000). The effects of varying attentional demands on the word retrieval skills of adults with aphasia, right hemisphere brain damage, and no brain damage. Brain and Language, 72, 40–72.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray, L. L., Holland, A., & Beeson, P. M. (1997a). Grammaticality judgments of mildly aphasic individuals under dual-task conditions. Aphasiology, 11, 993–1016.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray, L. L., Holland, A., & Beeson, P. M. (1997b). Auditory processing in individuals with mild aphasia: A study of resource allocation. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 40, 792–808.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray, L. L., Holland, A., & Beeson, P. M. (1997c). Accuracy monitoring and task demand evaluation in aphasia. Aphasiology, 11, 401–414.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray, L. L., Holland, A., & Beeson, P. M. (1998). Spoken language of individuals with fluent aphasia under focused and divided-attention conditions. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 41, 213–227.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicholas, M., Sinotte, M. P., & Helms-Estabrooks, N. (2005). Using a computer to communicate: Effect of executive function impairments in people with severe aphasia. Aphasiology, 19, 1052–1065.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Navon, D., & Miller, J. (2002). Queuing or sharing? A critical evaluation of the single-bottleneck notion. Cognitive Psychology, 44, 193–251.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pashler, H. (1984). Processing stages in overlapping tasks: Evidence for a central bottleneck. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 10, 358–377.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Purdy, M., & Dietz, A. (2010). Factors influencing AAC usage by individuals with aphasia. Perspectives on Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 19, 70–78.
   Google Scholar
• Siemens Hearing Instruments. ChatterVox [Apparatus]. Prospect Heights, IL: Siemens Hearing Instruments.
   Google Scholar
• Syntrillium Software Corporation. (2002). Cool Edit Pro (Version 2.0) [Computer software]. Arizona: Syntrillium Software.
   Google Scholar
• Thistle, J. J., & Wilkinson, K. M. (2013). Working memory demands of aided augmentative and alternative communication for individuals with developmental disabilities. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 29, 235–245.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tombu, M., & Jolicoeur, P. (2003). A central capacity sharing model of dual-task performance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 29, 3–18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tseng, C. H., McNeil, M. R., & Milenkovic, P. (1993). An investigation of attention allocation deficits in aphasia. Brain and Language, 45, 276–296.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van de Sandt-Koenderman, M., Wiegers, J., & Hardy, P. (2005). A computerized communication aid for people with aphasia. Disability and Rehabilitation, 27, 529–533.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weinrich, M. (1991). Computerized visual communication as an alternative communication system and therapeutic tool. Journal of Neurolinguistics, 6, 159–176.
   Google Scholar
• Weinrich, M., Boser, K. I., McCall, D., & Bishop, V. (2001). Training agrammatic subjects on passive sentences: Implications for syntactic deficit theories. Brain and Language, 76, 45–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weinrich, M., Shelton, J. R., McCall, D., & Cox, D. M. (1997). Generalization from single sentence to multisentence production in severely aphasic patients. Brain and Language, 58, 327–352.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilkinson, K. M., & Jagaroo, V. (2004). Contributions of visual cognitive neuroscience to AAC display design. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 20, 123–136.
   Google Scholar
• Wilkinson, K. M., Light, J., & Drager, K. (2012). Considerations for the composition of visual scene displays: Potential contributions of information from visual and cognitive sciences. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 28, 137–147.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar