New Concepts of Allergy to Cow's Milk

References

• Savilahti E, Heyman M, MacDonald T, et al. Diagnostic criteria for food allergy with predominantly intestinal symptoms. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1992; 14: 108–12
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Coombs R RA, Gell P GH. Classification of allergic reactions responsible for clinical hypersensitivity, and disease. Clinical aspects of immunology, P GH Gell, R RA Coombs, P J. Lachmann. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford 1975; 761–82
   Google Scholar
• Bahna S L. Pathogenesis of milk hypersensitivity. Immunol Today 1985; 6: 153–6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Suomalainen H, Soppi E, Isolauri E. Evidence for eosinophil activation in cow's milk allergy. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 1994; 5: 27–31
   Google Scholar
• Hill D J., Firer M A., Shelton M J., Hosking C S. Manifestations of milk allergy in infancy: clinical and immunological findings. J Pediatr 1986; 109: 270–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sampson H A., Albergo R. Comparison of results of skin tests, RAST, and double‐blind, placebo‐controlled food challenges in children with atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1984; 74: 26–33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sampson H A., Scanlon S M. Natural history of food hypersensitivity in children with atopic dermatitis. J Pediatr 1989; 115: 23–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Sickle G J., Powell G K., McDonald P J., Goldblum R M. Milk‐ and soy protein‐induced enterocolitis: evidence for lymphocyte sensitization to specific food proteins. Gastroenterology 1985; 88: 1915–21
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Albani S, Avanzini M A., Plebani A, et al. Diagnostic value of a lymphocyte stimulation test in cow milk protein intolerance. Ann Allergy 1989; 63: 489–92
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brostoff J, Hall T. Hypersensitivity‐Type I. Immunology, I M. Roitt. Gower Medical Publishing, London, 19.1–19.20
   Google Scholar
• Lessof M H., Kemeny D M. Non‐IgE‐mediated reactions to food: how much is allergic?. Ann Allergy 1987; 59: 90–2
   Google Scholar
• Wahn U. Antigens in cow's milk, and hen's egg allergy. Food allergy, E Schmidt. Raven Press, New York 1988; 81–8
   Google Scholar
• Savilahti E, Kuitunen M. Allergenicity of cows milk proteins. J Pediatr 1992; 121: 12–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strobel S. Developmental aspects of food allergy. Food allergy, D Reinhardt, E Schmidt. Nestle Nutrition Workshop Series, Raven Press, New York 1988; 99–117
   Google Scholar
• Mowat A M., Thomas M J., MacKenzie S, Parrott D M. Divergent effects of bacterial lipopolysaccharide on immunity to orally administered protein and particulate antigens in mice. Immunology 1986; 58: 677–83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beach R C., Menzies I S., Clayden G S., Scopes J W. Gastrointestinal permeability changes in the preterm neonate. Arch Dis Child 1982; 57: 141–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobsson I, Lindberg T, Lothe L, Axelsson I, Benediktsson B. Human alpha‐lactalbumin as a marker of macromolecular absorption. Gut 1986; 27: 1029–34
   Google Scholar
• Axelsson I, Jakobsson I, Lindberg T, Polberger S, Benediktsson B, Räihä N. Macromolecular absorption in preterm and term infants. Acta Paediatr Scand 1989; 78: 532–7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mowat A M. The regulation of immune responses to dietary protein antigens. Immunol Today 1987; 8: 93–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Halstensen T S., Kett K, Krajci P, et al. Immunobiology and immunopathology of human gut mucosa: humoral immunity and intraepithelial lymphocytes. Gastroenterology 1989; 97: 1562–84
   Google Scholar
• Isolauri E, Majamaa H, Arvola T, Rantala I, Virtanen E, Arvilommi H. Lactobacillus casei strain GG reverses increased intestinal permeability induced by cow milk in suckling rats. Gastroenterology 1993; 105: 1643–50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersson U, Bird A G., Britton S, Palacios R. Humoral and cellular immunity in humans studied at the cell level from birth to two years of age. Immunol Rev 1981; 57: 5–38
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson C B., Westail J, Johnston L, Lewis D B., Dower S K., Alpert A R. Decreased production of interferon‐gamma by human neonatal cells: intrinsic and regulatory deficiencies. J Clin Invest 1986; 77: 860–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis D B., Wilson C B. Gamma‐interferon: a immuno‐regulatory lymphokiine with immunotherapeutic potential. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1990; 9: 642–51
   Google Scholar
• Goldman A S., Anderson D W., Sellers W A., Saperstein S, Kniker W T., Halpern S R. Milk allergy. I. Oral challenge with milk and isolated milk proteins in allergic children. Pediatrics 1963; 32: 425–43
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobsson I, Lindberg T. A prospective study of cow's milk allergy in Swedish infants. Acta Paediatr Scand 1979; 68: 853–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bishop J M., Hill D J., Hosking C S. Natural history of cow milk allergy: clinical outcome. J Pediatr 1990; 116: 862–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walker‐Smith J A., Ford R PK, Phillips A D. The spectrum of gastrointestinal allergies to food. Ann Allergy 1984; 53: 629–36
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Iyngkaran N, Yadav M. Food allergy. Immunopathology of the small intestine, M N. Marsh. John Wiley, Chichester 1987; 415–49
   Google Scholar
• Coello‐Ramirez P, Larrosa‐Haro A. Gastrointestinal occult hemorrhage and gastroduodenitis in cow's milk protein intolerance. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1984; 3: 215–8
   Google Scholar
• Challacombe S J., Tomasi T B. Systemic tolerance and secretory immunity after oral immunization. J Exp Med 1980; 152: 1459–72
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swarbrick E T., Stokes C R., Soothill J F. Absorption of antigens after oral immunization and simultaneous induction of specific systemic tolerance. Gut 1979; 20: 121–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mowat A. Depletion of suppressor T cells by 2′‐deoxyguanosine abrogates tolerance in mice fed ovalbumin and permits the induction of intestinal delayed‐type hypersensitivity. Immunology 1986; 58: 179–84
   Google Scholar
• Strobel S, Ferguson A. Immune responses to fed antigen in mice. 3. Systemic tolerance of priming is related to age at which antigen is first encountered. Pediatr Res 1984; 18: 588–94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heyman M, Grasset E, Ducroc R, Desjeux J F. Antigen absorption by jejunal epithelium of children with cow's milk allergy. Pediatr Res 1988; 24: 197–202
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jalonen T. Identical intestinal permeability changes in children with different clinical manifestations of cow's milk allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1991; 88: 737–42
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cunnlngham‐Rundles C. The identification of specific antigens in circulating immune complexes by an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay: detection of bovine x‐casein IgG complexes in human sera. Eur J Immunol 1981; 11: 504–9
   Google Scholar
• Stern M, Walker W A. Food allergy and intolerance. Pediatr Clin North Am 1985; 32: 471–91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson P G., Lessof M H., Baker R WR, Ferrett J, MacDonald D M. Intestinal permeability in patients with eczema and food allergy. Lancet 1981; i: 1285–6
   Google Scholar