Factors of importance to involuntary admission

References

• Dressing H, Salize HJ. Compulsory admission of mentally ill patients in European Union Member States. Soc Psychiatr Psychiatr Epidemiol 2004;39:797–803.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Høyer G. On the justification for civil commitment. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2000;101:65–71.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lidz CW, Hoge SK. Coercion: Theoretical and empirical understanding. Behav Sci Law 1993;11:237–8.
   Google Scholar
• Wynn R. Coercion in psychiatric care: Clinical, legal and ethical controversies. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract 2006;10:247–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The Mental Health Care Act. Act number 62, 1999, relating to the provision and implementation of mental health care, with later amendments. Available at: http://www.ub.uio.no/ujur/ulovdata/lov-19990702-062-eng.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Wynn R, Myklebust LH, Bratlid T. Psychologists and coercion: Decisions regarding involuntary psychiatric admission and treatment in a group of Norwegian psychologists. Nord J Psychiatry 2007;61:433–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iversen KI, Høyer G, Sexton HC. Rates for civil commitment to psychiatric hospitals in Norway. Are registry data accurate? Nord J Psychiatry 2009;63:301–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keown P, Mercer G, Scott J. Retrospective analysis of hospital episode statistics, involuntary admissions under the Mental Health Act 1983, and number of psychiatric beds in England 1996–2006. BMJ 2008;337:1837.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mulder CL, Uitenbroek D, Broer J, Lendenmeijer B, van Veldhuizen JR, van Tilburg W, . Changing patterns in emergency involuntary admission in the Netherlands in the period 2000–2004. Int J Law Psychiatry 2008;31:331–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Priebe S, Badesconyi A, Fioritti A, Kilian R, Torres-Gonzales F, Turner R, . Reinstitutionalisation in mental health care: Comparison of data on service provision from six European countries. BMJ 2005;330:123–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guaiana G, Barbui C. Trends in the use of the Italian Mental Health Act, 1979–1997. Eur Psychiatry 2004;19:444–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pedersen PB. Samdata sektorrapport for det psykiske helsevernet 2008 (Samdata report for the mental health services 2008). Trondheim: Sintef; 2008.
   Google Scholar
• Monahan J, Hoge S, Lidz C, Roth L, Bennett N, Gardner W, Mulvey E. Coercion and commitment: Understanding involuntary mental hospital admission. Int J Law Psychiatry 1995;18:249–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Catalano R, Snowden L, Shumway M, Kessell E. Unemployment and civil commitment: A test of the intolerance hypothesis. Aggr Behav 2007;33:272–80.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hiday V. Coercion in civil commitment—Process, preferences, and outcome. Int J Law Psychiatry 1992;15:359–77.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mulder CL, Koopmans GT, Lyons JS. Determinants of indicated versus actual level of care in psychiatric emergency services. Psychiatr Serv 2005;56:452–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pokorny L, Shull RD, Nocholson RA. Dangerousness and disability as predictors of psychiatric patients’ legal status. Behav Sci Law 1999;17:253–67.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lepping P, Steinert T, Gebhardt RP, Rüdiger Röttgers H. Attitudes of mental health professionals and lay-people towards involuntary admission and treatment in England and Germany—A questionnaire analysis. European Psychiatry 2004;19:91–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luchins DJ, Cooper AE, Hanrahan P, Rasinski K. Psychiatrists’ attitudes toward involuntary hospitalization. Psychiatr Serv 2004;55:1058–60.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Deraas TS, Hansen V, Giæver A, Olstad R. Acute psychiatric admissions from an out-of-hours casualty clinic; how do referring doctors and admitting specialists agree? BMC Health Serv Res 2006;6:41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bindman J, Tighe J, Thornicroft G, Leese M. Poverty, poor services, and compulsory admission in England. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2002;37:341–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huxley P, Kerfoot M. Variation in requests to social services departments for assessment for compulsory psychiatric admission. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 1993;28:71–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kallert TW, Glöckner M, Schützwohl M. Involuntary vs. voluntary hospital admission. A systematic literature review on outcome diversity. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2008;258:195–209.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katsakou C, Priebe S. Outcomes of involuntary hospital admission—A review. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2006;114:232–41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kjellin L, Andersson K, Candefjord IL, Palmstierna T, Wallsten T. Ethical benefits and costs of coercion in short-term inpatient psychiatric care. Psychiatr Serv 1997;48:1567–70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kjellin L, Westrin CG, Eriksson K, Axelsson-Östman M, Candefjord IL, Ekblom B, . Coercion in psychiatric care: Problems of medical ethics in a comprehensive empirical study. Behav Sci Law 1993;11:323–34.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McEvoy JP, Appelbaum PS, Apperson LJ, Geller JL, Freter S. Why must some schizophrenic patients be involuntarily committed? Compr Psychiatry 1989;30:13–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kortrijk HE, Staring ABP, van Baars AWB, Mulder CL. Involuntary admission may support treatment outcome and motivation in patients receiving assertive community treatment. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2010;45:245–52.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dekker J, Kluiter H, Kroon H, Polstra L. Community care arrangements in the Netherlands. Eur J Psychiatry 2000;14: 143–52.
   Google Scholar
• Henderson C, Flood C, Leese M, Thornicroft G, Sutherby K, Szmukler G. Effect of joint crisis plans on the use of compulsory treatment in psychiatry: Single blind randomized controlled trial. BMJ 2004;329:136.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wierdsma AI, Mulder CL. Does mental health service integration affect compulsory admissions? Int J Integrated Care 2009;9:e90.
   Google Scholar
• The Norwegian Ministry of Health. Om opptrappingsplan for psykisk helse 1999–2006. Endringer i statsbudsjettet for 1998 (On the plan to increase mental health care 1999–2006. Changes in the State's budget for 1998). St.prp. nr. 63. Oslo, Norway: The Norwegian Ministry of Health; 2008.
   Google Scholar
• Høie IM. Psykiatriprosjekt med pasienten i sentrum (Project in psychiatry focusing on the patient). Tidsskr Nor Legeforen 2000;120:3825.
   Google Scholar