Variation in Genes of β-glucan Recognition Pathway and Susceptibility to Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Positive Patients

REFERENCES

• Aujla, S. J., Chan, Y. R., Zheng, M. Q., Fei, M. J., Askew, D. J., Pociask, D. A., Reinhart, T. A., McAllister, F., Edeal, J., Gaus, K., Husain, S., Kreindler, J. L., Dubin, P. J., Pilewski, J. M., Myerburg, M. M., Mason, C. A., Iwakura, Y., Kolls, J. K. (2008). IL-22 mediates mucosal host defense against Gram-negative bacterial pneumonia. Nat. Med. 14:275–281.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barchiesi, F., Colombo, A. L., McGough, D. A., Fothergill, A. W., Rinaldi, M. G. (1994). In-vitro activity of itraconazole against fluconazole-susceptible and fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans isolates from oral cavities of patients infected with human-immunodeficiency-virus. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 38:1530–1533.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, G. D., Herre, J., Williams, D. L., Willment, J. A., Marshall, A. S. J., Gordon, S. (2003). Dectin-1 mediates the biological effects of beta-glucans. Jpn. J. Exp. Med. 197:1119–1124.
   Google Scholar
• Carvalho, A., Pasqualotto, A. C., Pitzurra, L., Romani, L., Denning, D. W., Rodrigues, F. (2008). Polymorphisms in toll-like receptor genes and susceptibility to pulmonary aspergillosis. J. Infect. Dis. 197:618–621.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Degregorio, M. W., Lee, W. M. F., Ries, C. A. (1982). Candida Infections in patients with acute-leukemia — Ineffectiveness of nystatin prophylaxis and relationship between oropharyngeal and systemic Candidiasis. Cancer 50:2780–2784.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ezekowitz, R. A. B., Sim, R. B., Hill, M., Gordon, S. (1984). Local opsonization by secreted macrophage complement components — Role of receptors for complement in uptake of zymosan. J. Exp. Med. 159:244–260.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farah, C. S., Elahi, S., Drysdale, K., Pang, G., Gotjamanos, T., Seymour, G. J., Clancy, R. L., Ashman, R. B. (2002). Primary role for CD4(+) T lymphocytes in recovery from oropharyngeal Candidiasis. Infect. Immun. 70:724–731.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feigal, D. W., Katz, M. H., Greenspan, D., Westenhouse, J., Winkelstein, W., Lang, W., Samuel, M., Buchbinder, S. P., Hessol, N. A., Lifson, A. R., Rutherford, G. W., Moss, A., Osmond, D., Shiboski, S., Greenspan, J. S. (1991). The prevalence of oral lesions in HIV-infected homosexual and bisexual men—3 San-Francisco epidemiologic cohorts. AIDS 5:519–525.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferwerda, B., Ferwerda, G., Plantinga, T. S., Willment, J. A., van Spriel, A. B., Venselaar, H., Elbers, C. C., Johnson, M.D., Cambi, A., Huysamen, C., Jacobs, L., Jansen, T., Verheijen, K., Masthoff, L., Morre, S. A., Vriend, G., Williams, D. L., Perfect, J. R., Joosten, L. A. B., Wijmenga, C., van der Meer, J. W. M., Adema, G. J., Kullberg, B. J., Brown, G. D., Netea, M. G. (2009). Human Dectin-1 deficiency and mucocutaneous fungal infections. N. Engl. J. Med. 361:1760–1767.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferwerda, G., Meyer-Wentrup, F., Kullberg, B. J., Netea, M. G., Adema, G. J. (2008). Dectin-1 synergizes with TLR2 and TLR4 for cytokine production in human primary monocytes and macrophages. Cell Microbiol. 10:2058–2066.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fidel, P. L. (2002). Distinct protective host defenses against oral and vaginal candidiasis. Med. Mycol. 40:359–375.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glick, M., Muzyka, B. C., Lurie, D., Salkin, L. M. (1994). Oral manifestations associated with hiv-related disease as markers for immune suppression and AIDS. Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. 77:344–349.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Glocker, E. O., Hennigs, A., Nabavi, M., Schaffer, A. A., Woellner, C., Salzer, U., Pfeifer, D., Veelken, H., Warnatz, K., Tahami, F., Jamal, S., Manguiat, A., Rezaei, N., Amirzargar, A. A., Plebani, A., Hannesschlager, N., Gross, O., Ruland, J., Grimbacher, B. (2009). A Homozygous CARD9 mutation in a family with susceptibility to fungal infections. N. Engl. J. Med. 361: 1727–1735.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodman, D.S., Teplitz, E. D., Wishner, A., Klein, R. S., Burk, P. G., Hershenbaum, E. (1987). Prevalence of cutaneous disease in patients with acquired-immunodeficiency-syndrome (AIDS) or aids-related complex. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 17:210–220.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gordon, M. A., Kankwatira, A. M. K., Mwafulirwa, G., Walsh, A. L., Hopkins, M. J., Parry, C. M., Faragher, E. B., Zijlstra, E. E., Heyderman, R. S., Molyneux, M. E. (2010). Invasive non-typhoid salmonellae establish systemic intracellular infection in HIV-Infected adults: An emerging disease pathogenesis. Clin. Infect. Dis. 50:953–962.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grimbacher, B., Holland, S. M., Puck, J. M. (2005). Hyper-IgE syndromes. Immunol. Rev. 203:244–250.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsu, Y. M. S., Zhang, Y. L., You, Y., Wang, D. H., Li, H. X., Duramad, O., Qin, X. F., Dong, C., Lin, X. (2007). The adaptor protein CARD9 is required for innate immune responses to intracellular pathogens. Nature Immunol. 8:198–205.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kolls, J. K., Linden, A. (2004). Interleukin-17 family members and inflammation. Immunity 21:467–476.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korting, H. C., Ollert, M., Georgii, A., Froschl, M. (1988). IN vitro susceptibilities and biotypes of Candida albicans isolates from the oral cavities of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. J. Clin. Microbiol. 26:2626–2631.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liang, S. C., Tan, X.-Y., Luxenberg, D.P., Karim, R., Dunussi-Joannopoulos, K., Collins, M., Fouser, L. A. (2006). Interleukin (IL)-22 and IL-17 are coexpressed by Th17 cells and cooperatively enhance expression of antimicrobial peptides. Rockefeller University Press, J. Exp. Med., pp. 2271–2279.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore, R. D., Chaisson, R. E. (1996). Natural history of opportunistic disease in an HIV-infected urban clinical cohort. Ann. Intern. Med. 124:633–642.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Netea, M. G., Brown, G. D., Kullberg, B. J., Gow, N. A. R. (2008). An integrated model of the recognition of Candida albicans by the innate immune system. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 6:67–78.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ng, P. C., Henikoff, S. (2002). Accounting for human polymorphisms predicted to affect protein function. Genome Res. 12:436–446.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papadopoulοs, A. I., Ferwerda, B., Antonidou, A., Sakka, V., Galani, L., Kanatha, D., Panagopoulos P., Poulakou, G., Kanellakopoulou, K., van der Meer, J. W. M., Giamarellos-Bourboulis, E. J., Netea, M. G. (2010). Association of toll-like receptor 4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile polymorphisms with increased infection risk in patients with advanced HIV-1 infection. Clin. Infect. Dis. 51:242–247.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phelan, J. A., Saltzman, B. R., Friedland, G. H., Klein, R. S. (1987). Oral findings in patients with acquired-immunodeficiency-syndrome. Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. 64:50–56.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Plantinga, T. S., van der Velden, W., Ferwerda, B., van Spriel, A. B., Adema, G., Feuth, T., Donnelly, J. P., Brown, G. D., Kullberg, B. J., Blijlevens, N. M. A., Netea, M. G. (2009). Early stop polymorphism in human DECTIN-1 is associated with increased Candida colonization in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Clin. Infect. Dis. 49:724–732.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Powderly, W. G., Gallant, J. E., Ghannoum, M. A., Mayer, K. H., Navarro, E. E., Perfect, J. R. (1999). Oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients with HIV: Suggested guidelines for therapy. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 15:1619–1623.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramensky, V., Bork, P., Sunyaev, S. (2002). Human non-synonymous SNPs: server and survey. Nucl. Acids Res. 30:3894–3900.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Renner, E. D., Rylaarsdam, S., Anover-Sombke, S., Rack, A. L., Reichenbach, J., Carey, J. C., Zhu, Q., Jansson, A.F., Barboza, J., Schimke, L. F., Leppert, M. F., Getz, M. M., Seger, R.A., Hill, H. R., Belohradsky, B. H., Torgerson, T. R., Ochs, H. D. (2008). Novel signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) mutations, reduced T(H)17 cell numbers, and variably defective STAT3 phosphorylation in hyper-IgE syndrome. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 122:181–187.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riva, A., Kohane, I. S. (2004). A SNP-centric database for the investigation of the human genome. BMC Bioinformatics 33–40.
   Google Scholar
• Ruhnke, M., Eigler, A., Tennagen, I., Geiseler, B., Engelmann, E., Trautmann, M. (1994). Emergence of fluconazole-resistant strains of Candida albicans in patients with recurrent oropharyngeal candidosis and human-immunodeficiency-virus infection. J. Clin. Microbiol. 32:2092–2098.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saegusa, S., Totsuka, M., Kaminogawa, S., Hosol, T. (2004). Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae induce interleukin-8 production from intestinal epithelial-like Caco-2 cells in the presence of butyric acid. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 41:227–235.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Samaranayake, L. P., Holmstrup, P. (1989). Oral candidiasis and human-immunodeficiency-virus infection. Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. 18:554–564.
   Google Scholar
• Sogaard, O. S., Lohse, N., Gerstoft, J., Kronborg, G., Ostergaard, L., Pedersen, C., Pedersen, G., Sorensen, H. T., Obel, N. (2008). Hospitalization for pneumonia among individuals with and without HIV infection, 1995–2007: A Danish population-based, nationwide cohort study. Clin. Infect. Dis. 47:1345–1353.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torssander, J., Morfeldtmanson, L., Biberfeld, G., Karlsson, A., Putkonen, P.O., Wasserman, J. (1987). Oral Candida albicans in HIV-Infection. Scand. J. Infect. Dis. 19:291–295.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van de Veerdonk, F. L. V., Teirlinck, A. C., Kleinnijenhuis, J., Kullberg, B. J., van Crevel, R., van der Meer, J. W. M., Joosten, L. A. B., Netea, M. G. (2010). Mycobacterium tuberculosis induces IL-17A responses through TLR4 and dectin-1 and is critically dependent on endogenous IL-1. J. Leukoc. Biol. 88:227–232.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van der Graaf, C. A. A., Netea, M. G., Morre, S. A., Den Heijer, M., Verweij, P. E., Van der Meer, J. W. M., Kullberg, B. J. (2006). Toll-like receptor 4 Asp299Gly/Thr399Ile polymorphisms are a risk factor for Candida bloodstream infection. Eur. Cytokine Netw. 17:29–34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vazquez, J. A. (1999). Options for the management of mucosal candidiasis in patients with AIDS and HIV infection. Pharmacotherapy 19:76–87.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vazquez, J. A., Skiest, D. J., Nieto, L., Northland, R., Sanne, I., Gogate, J., Greaves, W., Isaacs, R. (2006). A multicenter randomized trial evaluating posaconazole versus fluconazole for the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis in subjects with HIV/AIDS. Clin. Infect. Dis. 42:1179–1186.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Venselaar, H. (2010). Protein structure analysis of mutations causing inheritable diseases. An e-Science approach with life scientist friendly interfaces., in: Te Beek TA, K.R., Hekkelman ML, Vriend G. (Ed.), BMC Bioinformatics 11:548.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vera, J., Fenutria, R., Canadas, O., Figueras, M., Mota, R., Sarrias, M.R., Williams, D.L., Casals, C., Yelamos, J., Lozano, F. (2009). The CD5 ectodomain interacts with conserved fungal cell wall components and protects from zymosan-induced septic shock-like syndrome. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106:1506–1511.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolk, K., Kunz, S., Witte, E., Friedrich, M., Asadullah, K., Sabat, R. (2004). IL-22 increases the innate immunity of tissues. Immunity 21:241–254.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yokota, K., Takashima, A., Bergstresser, P. R., Ariizumi, K. (2001). Identification of a human homologue of the dendritic cell-associated C-type lectin-1, dectin-1. Gene 272:51–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar