1,275
Views
62
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Inflammation and Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

Pages 192-197 | Received 30 Dec 2010, Accepted 08 Feb 2011, Published online: 24 May 2011

REFERENCES

  • Seddon JM, Chen CA. The epidemiology of age-related macular degeneration. Int Ophthalmol Clin 2004; 44:17–39.
  • Rodrigues EB. Inflammation in dry age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmologica 2007; 221:143–52.
  • Bonifati DM, Kishore U. Role of complement in neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation. Mol Immunol 2007; 44:999–1010.
  • Mullins RF, Russell SR, Anderson DH, Hageman GS. Drusen associated with aging and age-related macular degeneration contain proteins common to extracellular deposits associated with atherosclerosis, elastosis, amyloidosis, and dense deposit disease. FASEB J 2000; 14:835–46.
  • Wang JJ, Foran S, Smith W, Mitchell P. Risk of age-related macular degeneration in eyes with macular drusen or hyperpigmentation: The Blue Mountains Eye Study cohort. Arch Ophthalmol 2003; 121:658–63.
  • Kini MM, Leibowitz HM, Colton T, Nickerson RJ, Ganley J, Dawber TR. Prevalence of senile cataract, diabetic retinopathy, senile macular degeneration, and open-angle glaucoma in the Framingham eye study. Am J Ophthalmol 1978; 85:28–34.
  • Kornzweig AL. Macular Diseases: Pathogenesis. Diseases of the macula in the aged. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 1965; 69:668–82.
  • Smith W, Assink J, Klein R, et al. Risk factors for age-related macular degeneration: Pooled findings from three continents. Ophthalmology 2001; 108:697–704.
  • Hageman GS, Luthert PJ, Victor Chong NH, Johnson LV, Anderson DH, Mullins RF. An integrated hypothesis that considers drusen as biomarkers of immune-mediated processes at the RPE-Bruch’s membrane interface in aging and age-related macular degeneration. Prog Retin Eye Res 2001; 20:705–32.
  • Donoso LA, Kim D, Frost A, Callahan A, Hageman G. The role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration. Surv Ophthalmol 2006; 51:137–52.
  • Anderson DH, Talaga KC, Rivest AJ, Barron E, Hageman GS, Johnson LV. Characterization of beta amyloid assemblies in drusen: the deposits associated with aging and age-related macular degeneration. Exp Eye Res 2004; 78:243–56.
  • Johnson LV, Leitner WP, Rivest AJ, Staples MK, Radeke MJ, Anderson DH. The Alzheimer’s A beta -peptide is deposited at sites of complement activation in pathologic deposits associated with aging and age-related macular degeneration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002; 99:11830–5.
  • Anderson DH, Mullins RF, Hageman GS, Johnson LV. A role for local inflammation in the formation of drusen in the aging eye. Am J Ophthalmol 2002; 134:411–31.
  • Colville D, Guymer R, Sinclair RA, Savige J. Visual impairment caused by retinal abnormalities in mesangiocapillary (membranoproliferative) glomerulonephritis type II (“dense deposit disease”). Am J Kidney Dis 2003; 42:E2–5.
  • Framme C, Herboth T, Roider J, Laqua H. [Subretinal neovascular membranes in membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type II]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 1998; 213:252–3.
  • Huang SJ, Costa DL, Gross NE, Yannuzzi LA. Peripheral drusen in membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type II. Retina 2003; 23:429–31.
  • McGeer PL, McGeer EG. Inflammation and the degenerative diseases of aging. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2004; 1035:104–16.
  • Zarbin MA. Current concepts in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol 2004; 122:598–614.
  • Frank RN, Amin RH, Puklin JE. Antioxidant enzymes in the macular retinal pigment epithelium of eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Am J Ophthalmol 1999; 127:694–709.
  • Crabb JW, Miyagi M, Gu X, et al. Drusen proteome analysis: An approach to the etiology of age-related macular degeneration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002; 99:14682–7.
  • Johnson LV, Leitner WP, Staples MK, Anderson DH. Complement activation and inflammatory processes in Drusen formation and age related macular degeneration. Exp Eye Res 2001; 73:887–96.
  • Nozaki M, Raisler BJ, Sakurai E, et al. Drusen complement components C3a and C5a promote choroidal neovascularization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:2328–33.
  • Blom AM, Kask L, Ramesh B, Hillarp A. Effects of zinc on factor I cofactor activity of C4b-binding protein and factor H. Arch Biochem Biophys 2003; 418:108–18.
  • Hageman GS, Anderson DH, Johnson LV, et al. A common haplotype in the complement regulatory gene factor H (HF1/CFH) predisposes individuals to age-related macular degeneration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:7227–32.
  • Hageman GS, Hancox LS, Taiber AJ, et al. Extended haplotypes in the complement factor H (CFH) and CFH-related (CFHR) family of genes protect against age-related macular degeneration: characterization, ethnic distribution and evolutionary implications. Ann Med 2006; 38:592–604.
  • Hughes AE, Orr N, Esfandiary H, Diaz-Torres M, Goodship T, Chakravarthy U. A common CFH haplotype, with deletion of CFHR1 and CFHR3, is associated with lower risk of age-related macular degeneration. Nat Genet 2006; 38:1173–7.
  • Karagianni N, Adamis AP. The case for complement and inflammation in AMD: open questions. Adv Exp Med Biol 2010; 703:1–7.
  • Markiewski MM, Lambris JD. The role of complement in inflammatory diseases from behind the scenes into the spotlight. Am J Pathol 2007; 171:715–27.
  • Meri S. Loss of self-control in the complement system and innate autoreactivity. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2007; 1109:93–105.
  • Moshfeghi DM, Blumenkranz MS. Role of genetic factors and inflammation in age-related macular degeneration. Retina 2007; 27:269–75.
  • Swaroop A, Branham KE, Chen W, Abecasis G. Genetic susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration: A paradigm for dissecting complex disease traits. Hum Mol Genet 2007; 16 Spec No. 2:R174-82.
  • Anderson DH, Radeke MJ, Gallo NB, et al. The pivotal role of the complement system in aging and age-related macular degeneration: hypothesis re-visited. Prog Retin Eye Res 2010;29:95–112.
  • Wu Z, Lauer TW, Sick A, Hackett SF, Campochiaro PA. Oxidative stress modulates complement factor H expression in retinal pigmented epithelial cells by acetylation of FOXO3. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:22414–25.
  • Gold B, Merriam JE, Zernant J, et al. Variation in factor B (BF) and complement component 2 (C2) genes is associated with age-related macular degeneration. Nat Genet 2006; 38:458–62.
  • Gurne DH, Tso MO, Edward DP, Ripps H. Antiretinal antibodies in serum of patients with age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology 1991; 98:602–7.
  • Penfold PL, Madigan MC, Provis JM. Antibodies to human leucocyte antigens indicate subpopulations of microglia in human retina. Vis Neurosci 1991; 7:383–8.
  • de Smet MD, Chan CC. Regulation of ocular inflammation–what experimental and human studies have taught us. Prog Retin Eye Res 2001; 20:761–97.
  • Morohoshi K, Goodwin AM, Ohbayashi M, Ono SJ. Autoimmunity in retinal degeneration: autoimmune retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. J Autoimmun 2009; 33:247–54.
  • Patel N, Ohbayashi M, Nugent AK, et al. Circulating anti-retinal antibodies as immune markers in age-related macular degeneration. Immunology 2005; 115:422–30.
  • Penfold PL, Provis JM, Furby JH, Gatenby PA, Billson FA. Autoantibodies to retinal astrocytes associated with age-related macular degeneration. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1990; 228:270–4.
  • de Jong PT. Age-related macular degeneration. N Engl J Med 2006; 355:1474–85.
  • van der Schaft TL, Mooy CM, de Bruijn WC, de Jong PT. Early stages of age-related macular degeneration: an immunofluorescence and electron microscopy study. Br J Ophthalmol 1993; 77:657–61.
  • Penfold PL, Madigan MC, Gillies MC, Provis JM. Immunological and aetiological aspects of macular degeneration. Prog Retin Eye Res 2001; 20:385–414.
  • Grossniklaus HE, Ling JX, Wallace TM, et al. Macrophage and retinal pigment epithelium expression of angiogenic cytokines in choroidal neovascularization. Mol Vis 2002; 8:119–26.
  • Jonas JB, Tao Y, Neumaier M, Findeisen P. Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 in exudative age-related macular degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol 2010; 128:1281–6.
  • Tuo J, Bojanowski CM, Chan CC. Genetic factors of age-related macular degeneration. Prog Retin Eye Res 2004; 23:229–49.
  • Tuo J, Smith BC, Bojanowski CM, et al. The involvement of sequence variation and expression of CX3CR1 in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration. FASEB J 2004; 18:1297–9.
  • Kalayoglu MV, Galvan C, Mahdi OS, Byrne GI, Mansour S. Serological association between Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and age-related macular degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol 2003; 121:478–82.
  • Miller DM, Espinosa-Heidmann DG, Legra J, et al. The association of prior cytomegalovirus infection with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Am J Ophthalmol 2004; 138:323–8.
  • Kalayoglu MV, Bula D, Arroyo J, Gragoudas ES, D’Amico D, Miller JW. Identification of Chlamydia pneumoniae within human choroidal neovascular membranes secondary to age-related macular degeneration. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2005; 243:1080–90.
  • Zarbin M. Should corticosteroids be considered as part of the standard care with photodynamic therapy? Arch Ophthalmol 2006; 124:563–71.
  • Landa G, Butovsky O, Shoshani J, Schwartz M, Pollack A. Weekly vaccination with Copaxone (glatiramer acetate) as a potential therapy for dry age-related macular degeneration. Curr Eye Res 2008; 33:1011–3.
  • Aizuss DH, Mondino BJ, Sumner HL, Dethlefs BA. The complement system and host defense against Pseudomonas endophthalmitis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1985; 26:1262–6.
  • Giese MJ, Mondino BJ, Glasgow BJ, et al. Complement system and host defense against staphylococcal endophthalmitis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1994; 35:1026–32.
  • Joachim SC, Bruns K, Lackner KJ, Pfeiffer N, Grus FH. Analysis of IgG antibody patterns against retinal antigens and antibodies to alpha-crystallin, GFAP, and alpha-enolase in sera of patients with “wet” age-related macular degeneration. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2007; 245:619–26.
  • Umeda S, Suzuki MT, Okamoto H, et al. Molecular composition of drusen and possible involvement of anti-retinal autoimmunity in two different forms of macular degeneration in cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). FASEB J 2005; 19:1683–5.
  • Gu X, Meer SG, Miyagi M, et al. Carboxyethylpyrrole protein adducts and autoantibodies, biomarkers for age-related macular degeneration. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:42027–35.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.