26,199
Views
15
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
State of the Art Reviews

Vitamins in dialysis: who, when and how much?

, , , &
Pages 638-650 | Received 20 Sep 2013, Accepted 04 Dec 2013, Published online: 06 Feb 2014

References

  • Pecoits-Filho R, Lindholm B, Stenvinkel P. The malnutrition, inflammation, and atherosclerosis (MIA) syndrome – the heart of the matter. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2002;17(Suppl. 11):28–31
  • Rock CL, Jahnke MG, Gorenflo DW, Swartz RD, Messana JM. Racial group differences in plasma concentrations of antioxidant vitamins and carotenoids in hemodialysis patients. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997;65(3):844–850
  • Holden RM, Ki V, Ross Morton A, Clase C. Fat-soluble vitamins in advanced CKD/ESKD: a review. In: Seminars in Dialysis. 3rd ed., Vol. 25 (May–June) 2012;334–343
  • Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kopple JD. Trace elements and vitamins in maintenance dialysis patients. Adv Ren Replace Ther. 2003;10(3):170–182
  • Fissell RB, Bragg-Gresham JL, Gillespie BW, et al. International variation in vitamin prescription and association with mortality in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS). Am J Kidney Dis. 2004;44(2):293–299
  • Domröse U, Heinz J, Westphal S, Luley C, Neumann KH, Dierkes J. Vitamins are associated with survival in patients with end-stage renal disease: a 4-year prospective study. Clin Nephrol. 2007;67(4):221–229
  • Coombes JS, Fassett RG. Antioxidant therapy in hemodialysis patients: a systematic review. Kidney Int. 2012;81(3):233–246
  • Chazot C, Kopple JD. Vitamin metabolism and requirements in renal disease and renal failure. In: Kopple JD, Massry SG, eds. Nutritional Management of Renal Disease. 2nd ed., Philadelphia, USA: Lipincott Williams and Wilkins; 2004:315–356
  • Pelton R, LaValle JB, Hawkins E, Krinsky DL, eds. Drug-Induced Nutrient Depletion Handbook. Hudson, OH: Lexi-Comp; 1999:258
  • Fouque M, Vennegoor P, Ter Wee, et al. EBPG Guideline on Nutrition. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007;22(Suppl. 2):ii45–ii87
  • Heinz J, Domröse U, Westphal S, Luley C, Neumann KH, Dierkes J. Washout of water-soluble vitamins and of homocysteine during hemodialysis: effect of high-flux and low-flux dialyser membranes. Nephrology (Carlton). 2008;13(5):384–389
  • Boeschoten EW, Schrijver J, Krediet RT, Schreurs WH, Arisz L. Deficiencies of vitamins in CAPD patients: the effect of supplementation. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1988;3(2):187–193
  • Descombes E, Hanck AB, Fellay G. Water soluble vitamins in chronic hemodialysis patients and need for supplementation. Kidney Int. 1993;43(6):1319–1328
  • Hung SC, Hung SH, Tarng DC, Yang WC, Chen TW, Huang TP. Thiamine deficiency and unexplained encephalopathy in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2001;38(5):941–947
  • Ueda K, Takada D, Mii A, et al. Severe thiamine deficiency resulted in Wernicke's encephalopathy in a chronic dialysis patient. Clin Exp Nephrol. 2006;10(4):290–293
  • Nascimento MM, Suliman ME, Murayama Y, et al. Effect of high-dose thiamine and pyridoxine on advanced glycation end products and other oxidative stress markers in hemodialysis patients: a randomized placebo-controlled study. J Ren Nutr. 2006;16(2):119–124
  • Frank T, Bitsch R, Maiwald J, Stein G. High thiamine diphosphate concentrations in erythrocytes can be achieved in dialysis patients by oral administration of benfontiamine. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2000;56(3):251–257
  • Descombes E, Boulat O, Perriard F, Fellay G. Water-soluble vitamin levels in patients undergoing high-flux hemodialysis and receiving long-term oral postdialysis vitamin supplementation. Artif Organs. 2000;24(10):773–778
  • Skoupy S, Födinger M, Veitl M, et al. Riboflavin is a determinant of total homocysteine plasma concentrations in end-stage renal disease patients. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2002;13(5):1331–1337
  • Cooke HM. Lovastatin- and niacin-induced rhabdomyolysis. Hosp Pharm. 1994;29:33–34
  • Berns JS. Niacin and Related Compounds for Treating Hyperphosphatemia in Dialysis Patients Seminars in Dialysis. 3rd ed., Vol. 21 (May–June) 2008:203–205
  • Cheng SC, Young DO, Huang Y, Delmez JA, Coyne DW. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of niacinamide for reduction of phosphorus in hemodialysis patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;3(4):1131–1138
  • Toriyama T, Matsuo S, Fukatsu A, et al. Effects of high-dose vitamin B6 therapy on microcytic and hypochromic anemia in hemodialysis patients. Nihon Jinzo Gakkai Shi. 1993;35(8):975–980
  • Corken M, Porter J. Is vitamin B(6) deficiency an under-recognized risk in patients receiving hemodialysis? A systematic review: 2000–2010. Nephrology (Carlton). 2011;16(7):619–625
  • Mydlík M, Derzsiová K, Svác J, Dlhopolcek P, Zemberová E. Peritoneal clearance and peritoneal transfer of oxalic acid, vitamin C, and vitamin B6 during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Artif Organs. 1998;22(9):784–788
  • Leblanc M, Pichette V, Geadah D, Ouimet D. Folic acid and pyridoxal-5'-phosphate losses during high-efficiency hemodialysis in patients without hydrosoluble vitamin supplementation. J Ren Nutr. 2000;10(4):196–201
  • Kasama R, Koch T, Canals-Navas C, Pitone JM. Vitamin B6 and hemodialysis: the impact of high-flux/high-efficiency dialysis and review of the literature. Am J Kidney Dis. 1996;27(5):680–686
  • Bostom AG, Shemin D, Lapane KL, et al. High dose-B-vitamin treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia in dialysis patients. Kidney Int. 1996;49(1):147–152
  • Friedman AN. Pharmacologic B-vitamin therapy for hyperhomocysteinemia in dialysis patients: has the time come? Nutr Clin Care. 2002;5(1):20–24
  • Nakhoul F, Abassi Z, Plawner M, et al. Comparative study of response to treatment with supraphysiologic doses of B-vitamins in hyperhomocysteinemic hemodialysis patients. Isr Med Assoc J. 2004;6(4):213–217
  • Righetti M, Tommasi A, Lagona C, La Rosa L, Uccellini M, Sessa A. Effective homocysteine-lowering vitamin B treatment in peritoneal dialysis patients. Perit Dial Int. 2004;24(4):373–377
  • Moriwaki K, Kanno Y, Nakamoto H, Okada H, Suzuki H. Vitamin B6 deficiency in elderly patients on chronic peritoneal dialysis. Adv Perit Dial. 2000;16:308–312
  • Okada H, Moriwaki K, Kanno Y, et al. Vitamin B6 supplementation can improve peripheral polyneuropathy in patients with chronic renal failure on high-flux hemodialysis and human recombinant erythropoietin. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2000;15(9):1410–1413
  • Ross EA, Shah GM, Reynolds RD, Sabo A, Pichon M. Vitamin B6 requirements of patients on chronic peritoneal dialysis. Kidney Int. 1989;36(4):702–706
  • Endresen GK, Husby G. Folate supplementation during methotrexate treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. An update and proposals for guidelines. Scand J Rheumatol. 2001;30:129
  • Lasseur C, Parrot F, Delmas Y, et al. Impact of high-flux/high-efficiency dialysis on folate and homocysteine metabolism. J Nephrol. 2001;14:32–35
  • Fehrman-Ekholm I, Lotsander A, Logan K, Dunge D, Odar-Cederlöf I, Kallner A. Concentrations of vitamin C, vitamin B12 and folic acid in patients treated with hemodialysis and on-line hemodiafiltration or hemofiltration. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 2008;42(1):74–80
  • KDOQI. Clinical practice guidelines in cardiovascular disease in dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2005;S3:16–153
  • Koyama K, Usami T, Takeuchi O, Morozumi K, Kimura G. Efficacy of methylcobalamin on lowering total homocysteine plasma concentrations in hemodialysis patients receiving high-dose folic acid supplementation. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2002;17(5):916–922
  • van Guldener C, Janssen MJ, Lambert J, et al. No change in impaired endothelial function after long-term folic acid therapy of hyperhomocysteinanemia in hemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1998;13(1):106–112
  • Sunder-Plassmann G, Fodinger M, Buchmayer H, et al. Effect of high dose folic acid therapy on hyperhomocysteinemia in hemodialysis patients: results of the Vienna multicenter study. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2000;11:1106–1116
  • Ingrosso D, Cimmino A, Perna AF, et al. Folate treatment and unbalanced methylation and changes of allelic expression induced by hyperhomocysteinanemia in patients with uratemia. Lancet. 2003 17;361(9370):1693–1699
  • Nakamura H, Kumagai H, Itoh T. Randomized controlled trial of the effect of short-term coadministration of methylcobalamin and folate on serum ADMA concentration in patients receiving long-term hemodialysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2010;55(6):1069–1078
  • Wrone EM, Hornberger JM, Zehnder JL, McCann LM, Coplon NS, Fortmann SP. Randomized trial of folic acid for prevention of cardiovascular events in end-stage renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004;15(2):420–426
  • Jamison RL, Hartigan P, Kaufman JS, et al. Veterans Affairs Site Investigators. Effect of homocysteine lowering on mortality and vascular disease in advanced chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2007;298(10):1163–1170
  • Leung J, Larive B, Dwyer J, et al. Folic acid supplementation and cardiac and stroke mortality among hemodialysis patients. J Ren Nutr. 2010;20(5):293–302
  • Qin X, Huo Y, Langman CB, et al. Folic acid therapy and cardiovascular disease in ESRD or advanced chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011;6(3):482–488
  • Jardine MJ, Kang A, Zoungas S, et al. The effect of folic acid based homocysteine lowering on cardiovascular events in people with kidney disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2012;344:e3533
  • de Koning L, Hu FB. Homocysteine lowering in end-stage renal disease is there any cardiovascular benefit? Circulation. 2010;121:1379–1381
  • Righetti M. Protective effect of vitamin B therapy on bone and cardiovascular disease. Recent Pat Cardiovasc Drug Discov. 2009;4:37–44
  • Obeid R, Kuhlmann MK, Köhler H, Herrmann W. Response of homocysteine, cystathionine, and methylmalonic acid to vitamin treatment in dialysis patients. Clin Chem. 2005;51(1):196–201
  • Hoffer LJ, Elian KM. Parenteral vitamin B12 therapy of hyperhomocysteinemia in end-stage renal disease. Clin Invest Med. 2004;27(1):10–13
  • Heinz J, Kropf S, Domrose U, et al. B vitamins and the risk of total mortality and cardiovascular disease in end-stage renal disease. Results of a randomized controlled trial. Circulation. 2010;121:1432–1438
  • Su VC, Shalansky K, Jastrzebski J, et al. Parenteral vitamin B12 in macrocytic hemodialysis patients reduced MMA levels but did not change mean red cell volume or hemoglobin. Clin Nephrol. 2011;75(4):336–345
  • Trimarchi H, Forrester M, Schropp J, Pereyra H, Freixas EA. Low initial vitamin B12 levels in Helicobacter pylori – positive patients on chronic hemodialysis. Nephron Clin Pract. 2004;96(1):c28–c32
  • Rostand SG. Vitamin B12 levels and nerve conduction velocities in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 1976;29(7):691–697
  • Singer R, Rhodes HC, Chin G, Kulkarni H, Ferrari P. High prevalence of ascorbate deficiency in an Australian peritoneal dialysis population. Nephrology (Carlton). 2008;13(1):17–22
  • Wang S, Eide TC, Sogn EM, Berg KJ, Sund RB. Plasma ascorbic acid in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1999;55(7):527–532
  • Morena M, Cristol JP, Bosc JY, et al. Convective and diffusive losses of vitamin C during hemodiafiltration session: a contributive factor to oxidative stress in hemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2002;17(3):422–427
  • Khajehdehi P, Mojerlou M, Behzadi S, Rais-Jalali GA. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of supplementary vitamins E, C and their combination for treatment of hemodialysis cramps. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2001;16(7):1448–1451
  • Cross JM, Donald AE, Nuttall SL, Deanfield JE, Woolfson RG, Macallister RJ. Vitamin C improves resistance but not conduit artery endothelial function in patients with chronic renal failure. Kidney Int. 2003;63(4):1433–1442
  • Sato M, Matsumoto Y, Morita H, Takemura H, Shimoi K, Amano I. Effects of vitamin supplementation on microcirculatory disturbance in hemodialysis patients without peripheral arterial disease. Clin Nephrol. 2003;60(1):28–34
  • Deicher R, Ziai F, Bieglmayer C, Schillinger M, Hörl WH. Low total vitamin C plasma level is a risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16(6):1811–1818
  • Richter A, Kuhlmann MK, Seibert E, Kotanko P, Levin NW, Handelman GJ. Vitamin C deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic hemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008;23(6):2058–2063
  • Gholipour Baradari A, Emami Zeydi A, Espahbodi F, Aarabi M. The effect of intravenous vitamin C on the phosphorus level reduction in hemodialysis patients: a double blind randomized clinical trial. Med Glas (Zenica). 2012;9(1):37–41
  • Khajehdehi P. Effect of vitamins on the lipid profile of patients on regular hemodialysis. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 2000;34(1):62–66
  • Gastaldello K, Vereerstraeten A, Nzame-Nze T, Vanherweghem JL, Tielemans C. Resistance to erythropoietin in iron-overloaded hemodialysis patients can be overcome by ascorbic acid administration. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1995;10(Suppl. 6):44–47
  • Tarng DC, Huang TP. A parallel, comparative study of intravenous iron versus intravenous ascorbic acid for erythropoietin-hyporesponsive anaemia in hemodialysis patients with iron overload. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1998;13(11):2867–2872
  • Lin CL, Hsu PY, Yang HY, Huang CC. Low dose intravenous ascorbic acid for erythropoietin-hyporesponsive anemia in diabetic hemodialysis patients with iron overload. Ren Fail. 2003;25(3):445–453
  • Keven K, Kutlay S, Nergizoglu G, Ertürk S. Randomized, crossover study of the effect of vitamin C on EPO response in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2003;41(6):1233–1239
  • Deicher R, Ziai F, Habicht A, Bieglmayer C, Schillinger M, Hörl WH. Vitamin C plasma level and response to erythropoietin in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2004;19(9):2319–2324
  • Attallah N, Osman-Malik Y, Frinak S, Besarab A. Effect of intravenous ascorbic acid in hemodialysis patients with EPO-hyporesponsive anemia and hyperferritinemia. Am J Kidney Dis. 2006;47(4):644–654
  • Tarng DC, Hung SC, Huang TP. Effect of intravenous ascorbic acid medication on serum levels of soluble transferrin receptor in hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004;15(9):2486–2493
  • Deved V, Poyah P, James MT, et al. Alberta Kidney Disease Network. Ascorbic acid for anemia management in hemodialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2009;54(6):1089–1097
  • De Vriese AS, Borrey D, Mahieu E, et al. Oral vitamin C administration increases lipid peroxidation in hemodialysis patients. Nephron Clin Pract. 2008;108(1):c28–c34
  • Ferretti G, Bacchetti T, Masciangelo S, Pallotta G. Lipid peroxidation in hemodialysis patients: effect of vitamin C supplementation. Clin Biochem. 2008;41(6):381–386
  • Gotloib L, Sklan D, Mines M. Hemodialysis. Effect on plasma levels of vitamin A and carotenoid. JAMA. 1978;239(8):751
  • Bonnefont-Rousselot D, Jaudon MC, Issad B, et al. Antioxidant status of elderly chronic renal patients treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1997;12(7):1399–1405
  • Sundl I, Roob JM, Meinitzer A, et al. Antioxidant status of patients on peritoneal dialysis: associations with inflammation and glycoxidative stress. Perit Dial Int. 2009;29(1):89–101
  • Yatzidis H, Digenis P, Koutsicos D. Hypervitaminosis A in chronic renal failure after transplantation. Br Med J. 1976;2(6043):1075
  • Kalousová M, Kubena AA, Kostírová M, et al. Lower retinol levels as an independent predictor of mortality in long-term hemodialysis patients: a prospective observational cohort study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2010;56(3):513–521
  • Espe KM, Raila J, Henze A, et al. German Diabetes and Dialysis Study Investigators. Impact of vitamin A on clinical outcomes in hemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2011;26(12):4054–4061
  • Yilmaz MI, Sonmez A, Saglam M, et al. Comparison of calcium acetate and sevelamer on vascular function and fibroblast growth factor 23 in CKD patients: a randomized clinical trial. Am J Kidney Dis. 59(2):177–185
  • Matias PJ, Jorge C, Ferreira C, et al. Cholecalciferol supplementation in hemodialysis patients: effects on mineral metabolism, inflammation, and cardiac dimension parameters. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010;5(5):905–911
  • Zheng Z, Shi H, Jia J, Li D, Lin S. Vitamin D supplementation and mortality risk in chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis of 20 observational studies. BMC Nephrol. 2013;14:199
  • Akin F, Ayça B, Köse N, et al. Serum vitamin D levels are independently associated with severity of coronary artery disease. J Investig Med. 2012;60(6):869–873
  • Pilz S, Iodice S, Zittermann A, Grant WB, Gandini S. Vitamin D status and mortality risk in CKD: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Am J Kidney Dis. 2011;58(3):374–382
  • Icardi A, Paoletti E, De Nicola L, Mazzaferro S, Russo R, Cozzolino M. Renal anaemia and EPO hyporesponsiveness associated with vitamin D deficiency: the potential role of inflammation. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2013;28(7):1672–1679
  • Daroux M, Shenouda M, Bacri JL, Lemaitre V, Vanhille P, Bataille P. Vitamin D2 versus vitamin D3 supplementation in hemodialysis patients: a comparative pilot study. J Nephrol. 2013;26(1):152–157
  • Westenfeld R, Krueger T, Schlieper G, et al. Effect of vitamin K2 supplementation on functional vitamin K deficiency in hemodialysis patients: a randomized trial. Am J Kidney Dis. 2012;59(2):186–195
  • Cranenburg EC, Schurgers LJ, Uiterwijk HH, et al. Vitamin K intake and status are low in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int. 2012;82(5):605–610
  • Pilkey RM, Morton AR, Boffa MB, et al. Subclinical vitamin K deficiency in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2007;49(3):432–439
  • Stankowiak-Kulpa H, Krzyżanowska P, Kozioł L, et al. Vitamin K status in peritoneally dialyzed patients with chronic kidney disease. Acta Biochim Pol. 2011;58(4):617–620
  • McCabe KM, Booth SL, Fu X, et al. Dietary vitamin K and therapeutic warfarin alter the susceptibility to vascular calcification in experimental chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2013;83(5):835–844
  • Małyszko J, Wołczyński S, Skrzydlewska E, Małyszko JS, Myśliwiec M. Vitamin K status in relation to bone metabolism in patients with renal failure. Am J Nephrol. 2002;22(5–6):504–508
  • Ochiai M, Nakashima A, Takasugi N, et al. Vitamin K2 alters bone metabolism markers in hemodialysis patients with a low serum parathyroid hormone level. Nephron Clin Pract. 2011;117(1):c15–c19
  • Westenfeld R, Krueger T, Schlieper G, et al. Effect of vitamin K2 supplementation on functional vitamin K deficiency in hemodialysis patients: a randomized trial. Am J Kidney Dis. 2012;59(2):186–195
  • Kohlmeier M, Saupe J, Shearer MJ, Schaefer K, Asmus G. Bone health of adult hemodialysis patients is related to vitamin K status. Kidney Int. 1997;51(4):1218–1221
  • Rodriguez-Garcia M, Gomez-Alonso C, Naves-Diaz M, Diaz-Lopez JB, Diaz-Corte C, Cannata-Andia JB. Vascular calcifications, vertebral fractures and mortality in hemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2009;24(1):239–246
  • Manca-di-Villahermosa S, Giacominelli-Stuffler R, Angelucci CB, Taccone-Gallucci M, Maccarrone M. Vitamin E-related inhibition of monocyte 5-lipoxygenase and cardiovascular outcome in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov. 2011;5(3):229–240
  • Himmelfarb J, Kane J, McMonagle E, et al. Alpha and gamma tocopherol metabolism in healthy subjects and patients with end-stage renal disease. Kidney Int. 2003;64(3):978–991
  • Smith KS, Lee CL, Ridlington JW, Leonard SW, Devaraj S, Traber MG. Vitamin E supplementation increases circulating vitamin E metabolites tenfold in end-stage renal disease patients. Lipids. 2003;38(8):813–819
  • Mafra D, Santos FR, Lobo JC, et al. Alpha-tocopherol supplementation decreases [LDL(-)] in hemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2009;24(5):1587–1592
  • Boaz M, Smetana S, Weinstein T, et al. Secondary prevention with antioxidants of cardiovascular disease in endstage renal disease (SPACE): randomized placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2000;356:1213–1218
  • Cristol JP, Bosc JY, Badiou S, et al. Erythropoietin and oxidative stress in hemodialysis: beneficial effects of vitamin E supplementation. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1997;12(11):2312–2317
  • Antoniadi G, Eleftheriadis T, Liakopoulos V, et al. Effect of one-year oral alpha-tocopherol administration on the antioxidant defense system in hemodialysis patients. Ther Apher Dial. 2008;12(3):237–242
  • Maccarrone M, Manca-di-Villahermosa S, Meloni C, et al. Arachidonate cascade, apoptosis, and vitamin E in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;40(3):600–610
  • Yusuf S, Dagenais G, Pogue J, Bosch J, Sleight P. Vitamin E supplementation and cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med. 2000;342(3):154–160
  • Mann JF, Lonn EM, Yi Q, et al. HOPE Investigators. Effects of vitamin E on cardiovascular outcomes in people with mild-to-moderate renal insufficiency: results of the HOPE study. Kidney Int. 2004;65(4):1375–1380
  • El-Hennawy AS, Zaib S. A selected controlled trial of supplementary vitamin E for treatment of muscle cramps in hemodialysis patients. Am J Ther. 2010;17(5):455–459
  • Floridi A, Piroddi M, Pilolli F, Matsumoto Y, Aritomi M, Galli F. Analysis method and characterization of the antioxidant capacity of vitamin E-interactive polysulfone hemodialyzers. Acta Biomater. 2009;5(8):2974–2982
  • Piroddi M, Pilolli F, Aritomi M, Galli F. Vitamin E as a functional and biocompatibility modifier of synthetic hemodialyzer membranes: an overview of the literature on vitamin E-modified hemodialyzer membranes. Am J Nephrol. 2012;35(6):559–572
  • Satoh M, Yamasaki Y, Nagake Y, et al. Oxidative stress is reduced by the long-term use of vitamin E-coated dialysis filters. Kidney Int. 2001;59(5):1943–1950
  • Morimoto H, Nakao K, Fukuoka K, et al. Long-term use of vitamin E-coated polysulfone membrane reduces oxidative stress markers in hemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2005;20(12):2775–2782
  • Yang CC, Hsu SP, Wu MS, Hsu SM, Chien CT. Effects of vitamin C infusion and vitamin E-coated membrane on hemodialysis-induced oxidative stress. Kidney Int. 2006;69(4):706–714
  • Cruz DN, de Cal M, Ronco C. Oxidative stress and anemia in chronic hemodialysis: the promise of bioreactive membranes. Contrib Nephrol. 2008;161:89–98
  • Takouli L, Hadjiyannakos D, Metaxaki P, et al. Vitamin E-coated cellulose acetate dialysis membrane: long-term effect on inflammation and oxidative stress. Ren Fail. 2010;32(3):287–293
  • Baragetti I, Furiani S, Vettoretti S, et al. Role of vitamin E-coated membrane in reducing advance glycation end products in hemodialysis patients: a pilot study. Blood Purif. 2006;24(4):369–376
  • Libetta C, Zucchi M, Gori E, et al. Vitamin E-loaded dialyzer resets PBMC-operated cytokine network in dialysis patients. Kidney Int. 2004;65(4):1473–1481
  • Kojima K, Oda K, Homma H, et al. Effect of vitamin E-bonded dialyzer on eosinophilia in hemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2005;20(9):1932–1935
  • Sosa MA, Balk EM, Lau J, et al. A systematic review of the effect of the Excebrane dialyser on biomarkers of lipid peroxidation. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2006;21:2825–2833
  • Kobayashi S, Moriya H, Aso K, Ohtake T. Vitamin E-bonded hemodialyzer improves atherosclerosis associated with a rheological improvement of circulating red blood cells. Kidney Int. 2003;63(5):1881–1887

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.