Ankle antagonist coactivation in the double-support phase of walking: Stroke vs. healthy subjects

References

• Achache V, Mazevet D, Iglesias C, Lackmy A, Nielsen JB, Katz R, Marchand-Pauvert V. 2010. Enhanced spinal excitation from ankle flexors to knee extensors during walking in stroke patients. Clin Neurophysiol 121(6):930–938
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson FC, Pandy MG. 2003. Individual muscle contributions to support in normal walking. Gait Posture 17(2):159–169
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Billot M, Simoneau E, Van Hoecke J, Martin A. 2010. Coactivation at the ankle joint is not sufficient to estimate agonist and antagonist mechanical contribution. Muscle Nerve 41(4):511–518
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonell C, Tabernig C, Tabernig C. 2007. Analysis of EMG temporal parameters from the tibialis anterior during hemiparetic gait. In: 16th Argentine Bioengineering Congress and the 5th Conference of Clinical Engineering. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. pp 1–7
   Google Scholar
• Cappellini G, Ivanenko YP, Poppele RE, Lacquaniti F. 2006. Motor patterns in human walking and running. J Neurophysiol 95(6):3426–3437
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng PT, Chen CL, Wang CM, Hong WH. 2004. Leg muscle activation patterns of sit-to-stand movement in stroke patients. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 83(1):10–16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chow JW, Yablon SA, Stokic DS. 2012. Coactivation of ankle muscles during stance phase of gait in patients with lower limb hypertonia after acquired brain injury. Clin Neurophysiol 123(8):1599–1605
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corna S, Galante M, Grasso M, Nardone A, Schieppati M. 1996. Unilateral displacement of lower limb evokes bilateral EMG responses in leg and foot muscles in standing humans. Exp Brain Res 109(1):83–91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grey MJ, Nielsen JB, Mazzaro N, Sinkjaer T. 2007. Positive force feedback in human walking. J Physiol 581(Pt 1):99–105
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall AL, Peterson CL, Kautz SA, Neptune RR. 2011. Relationships between muscle contributions to walking subtasks and functional walking status in persons with post-stroke hemiparesis. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 26(5):509–515
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higginson JS, Zajac FE, Neptune RR, Kautz SA, Delp SL. 2006. Muscle contributions to support during gait in an individual with post-stroke hemiparesis. J Biomech 39(10):1769–1777
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klein CS, Brooks D, Richardson D, McIlroy WE, Bayley MT. 2010. Voluntary activation failure contributes more to plantar flexor weakness than antagonist coactivation and muscle atrophy in chronic stroke survivors. J Appl Physiol 109(5):1337–1346
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamontagne A, Richards CL, Malouin F. 2000. Coactivation during gait as an adaptive behavior after stroke. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 10(6):407–415
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamontagne A, Malouin F, Richards CL, Dumas F. 2002a. Mechanisms of disturbed motor control in ankle weakness during gait after stroke. Gait Posture 15(3):244–255
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamontagne A, Malouin F, Richards CL, Dumas F. 2002b. Mechanisms of disturbed motor control in ankle weakness during gait after stroke. Gait Posture 15(3):244–255
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin PY, Yang YR, Cheng SJ, Wang RY. 2006. The relation between ankle impairments and gait velocity and symmetry in people with stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 87(4):562–568
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGowan CP. 2008. Independent effects of weight and mass on plantar flexor activity during walking: Implications for their contributions to body support and forward propulsion. J Appl Physiol 105:486–494
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milot MH, Nadeau S, Gravel D, Requiao LF. 2006. Bilateral level of effort of the plantar flexors, hip flexors, and extensors during gait in hemiparetic and healthy individuals. Stroke 37(8):2070–2075
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milot M-H, Nadeau S, Gravel D, Bourbonnais D. 2008. Effect of increases in plantarflexor and hip flexor muscle strength on the levels of effort during gait in individuals with hemiparesis. Clin Biomech 23(4):415–423
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neptune R, Kautz A, Zajac E. 2001. Contributions of the individual ankle flexors to support, forward progression and swing initiation during normal walking. J Biomech 34(11):1387–1398
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neptune RR, Sasaki K, Kautz SA. 2008. The effect of walking speed on muscle function and mechanical energetics. Gait Posture 28(1):135–143. doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2007.11.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olney SJ, Richards C. 1996. Hemiparetic gait following stroke. Part I: Characteristics. Gait Posture 4(2):136–148
   Google Scholar
• Peterson CL, Hall AL, Kautz SA, Neptune RR. 2010. Pre-swing deficits in forward propulsion, swing initiation and power generation by individual muscles during hemiparetic walking. J Biomech 43(12):2348–2355
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosa MCN, Marques A, Demain S, Metcalf CD. 2014. Lower limb co-contraction during walking in subjects with stroke: A systematic review. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 24(1):1–10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schepens B, Drew T. 2004. Independent and convergent signals from the pontomedullary reticular formation contribute to the control of posture and movement during reaching in the cat. J Neurophysiol 92(4):2217–2238
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva A, Sousa A, Pinheiro A, Tavares J, Santos R, Sousa F. 2012a. Soleus activity in post-stroke subjects: Movement sequence from standing to sitting. Somatosens Mot Res 29(3):71–76
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva A, Sousa AS, Tavares J, Tinoco A, Santos R, Sousa F. 2012b. Ankle dynamic in stroke patients: Agonist vs. antagonist muscle relations. Somatosens Mot Res 29(4):111–116
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sousa AS, Santos R, Oliveira FP, Carvalho P, Tavares JM. 2012a. Analysis of ground reaction force and electromyographic activity of the gastrocnemius muscle during double support. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 226(5):397–405
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sousa ASP, Silva A, Tavares JMRS. 2012b. Interlimb relation during the double support phase of gait: An electromyographic, mechanical and energy based analysis. Proc Inst Mech Eng H: J Eng Med 227(3):327–333
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sousa AS, Tavares JM. 2012. Effect of gait speed on muscle activity patterns and magnitude during stance. Mot Control 16(4):480–492
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sousa ASP, Silva A, Santos R, Sousa F, Tavares JMRS. 2013. Interlimb coordination during the stance phase of gait in subjects with stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 94(12):2515–2522
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turns L, Neptune R, Kautz S. 2007. Relationships between muscle activity and anteroposterior ground reaction forces in hemiparetic walking. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 88(9):1227–1235
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winter D. 1983. Biomechanical motor patterns in normal walking. J Mot Behav 15(4):302–330
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar