References
- Dandona P, Rosenberg MT. A practical guide to male hypogonadism in the primary care setting. Int J Clin Pract 2010;64:682–96
- Kaufman JM, Vermeulen A. The decline of androgen levels in elderly men and its clinical and therapeutic implications. Endocr Rev 2005;26:833–76
- Bhasin S, Calof OM, Storer TW, et al. Drug Insight: testosterone and selective androgen receptor modulators as anabolic therapies for chronic illness and aging. Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab 2006;2:146–59
- Khaw KT, Barrett-Connor E. Blood pressure and endogenous testosterone in men: an inverse relationship. J Hypertens 1988;6:329–32
- Hughes GS, Mathur RS, Margolius HS. Sex steroid hormones are altered in essential hypertension. J Hypertens 1989;7:181–7
- Justulin LA Jr, Della-Coleta HH, Taboga SR, Felisbino SL. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 activity and localization during ventral prostate atrophy and regrowth. Int J Androl 2010;33:696–708
- Flamant M, Placier S, Dubroca C, et al. Role of matrix metalloproteinases in early hypertensive vascular remodeling. Hypertension 2007;50:212–8
- Cai J, Hong Y, Weng C, et al. Androgen stimulates endothelial cell proliferation via an androgen receptor/VEGF/cyclin A-mediated mechanism. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2011;300:H1210–21
- Richard C, Kim G, Koikawa Y, et al. Androgens modulate the balance between VEGF and angiopoietin expression in prostate epithelial and smooth muscle cells. Prostate 2002;50:83–91
- Joseph IB, Nelson JB, Denmeade SR, Isaacs JT. Androgen regulate vascular endothelial growth factor content in normal and malignant prostate tissue. Clin Cancer Res 1997;3:2507–11
- Ku DD, Zaleski JK, Liu S, Brock TA. Vascular endothelial growth factor induces EDRF-dependent relaxation in coronary arteries. Am J Physiol 1993;265:H586–92
- Yang R, Thomas GR, Bunting S, et al. Effects of vascular endothelial growth factor on hemodynamics and cardiac performance. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1996;27:838–44
- Gornstein RA, Lapp CA, Bustos-Valdes SM, Zamorano P. Androgen modulate Interleukine-6 production by gingival fibroblast in Vitro. J Periodontol 1999;70:604–9
- Maggio M, Basaria S, Ble A, et al. Correlation between testosterone and the inflammatory marker soluble interleukin-6 receptor in older men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006;91:345–7
- Ehrmann DA. Polycystic ovary syndrome. N Engl J Med 2005;352:1223–36
- Dunaif A, Graf M, Mandeli J, et al. Characterization of groups of hyperandrogenic women with acanthosis nigricans, impaired glucose tolerance, and/or hyperinsulinemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1987;65:499–507
- Wild S, Pierpoint T, McKeigue P, Jacobs H. Cardiovascular disease in women with polycystic ovary syndrome at long-term follow-up: a retrospective cohort study. Clin Endocrinol 2000;52:595–600
- Wild RA, Bartholomew MJ. The influence of body weight on lipoprotein lipids in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1988;159:423–7
- Apridonidze T, Essah PA, Iuorno MJ, Nestler JE. Prevalence and characteristics of the metabolic syndrome in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:1929–35
- Shaw LJ, Bairey Merz CN, Azziz R, et al. Postmenopausal women with a history of irregular menses and elevated androgen measurements at high risk for worsening cardiovascular event-free survival: results from the National Institutes of Health–National Heart, Lung: Blood Institute sponsored Women’s Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008; 93:1276–84
- Santos FC, Rochel-Maia SS, Fochi RA, et al. MMP-2 and MMP-9 localization and activity in the female prostate during estrous cycle. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2011;173:419–27
- Barouk S, Hintz T, Li P, et al. 17β-Estradiol increases astrocytic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in adult female rat hippocampus. Endocrinology 2011;152:1745–51
- Kassem M, Harris SA, Spelsberg TC, Riggs BL. Estrogen inhibits interleukin-6 production and gene expression in a human osteoblastic cell line with high levels of estrogen receptors. J Bone Miner Res 1996;11:193–9
- Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, et al. Seventh report of the joint national committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure. Hypertension 2003;42:1206–52
- Mancia G, De Backer G, Dominiczak A, et al. 2007 Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the task force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European society of hypertension (ESH) and of the European society of cardiology (ESC). J Hypertens 2007;25:1105–87
- Su TC, Bai CH, Chang HY, et al. Evidence for improved control of hypertension in Taiwan: 1993–2002. J Hypertens 2008;26:600–6
- Flamant M, Placier S, Dubroca C, et al. Role of matrix metalloproteinases in early hypertensive vascular remodeling. Hypertension 2007;50:212–8
- Onal IK, Altun B, Onal ED, et al. Serum levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in primary hypertension and effect of antihypertensive treatment. Eur J Intern Med 2009;20:369–72
- Chamarthi B, Williams GH, Ricchiuti V, et al. Inflammation and hypertension: the interplay of interleukin-6, dietary sodium, and the renin-angiotensin system in humans. Am J Hypertens 2011;24:1143–8
- Stumpf C, Jukic J, Yilmaz A, et al. Elevated VEGF-plasma levels in young patients with mild essential hypertension. Eur J Clin Invest 2009;39:31–6
- Zhao Q, Ishibashi M, Hiasa K, et al. Essential role of vascular endothelial growth factor in angiotensin II-induced vascular inflammation and remodeling. Hypertension 2004;44:264–70
- Levy D, Garrison RJ, Savage DD, et al. Prognostic implications of echocardiographically determined left ventricular mass in the Framingham Heart Study. N Engl J Med 1990;322:1561–6
- Shiojima I, Sato K, Izumiya Y, et al. Disruption of coordinated cardiac hypertrophy and angiogenesis contributes to the transition to heart failure. J Clin Invest 2005;115:2108-18
- Prisant LM, Gujral JS, Mulloy AL. Hyperthyroidism: a secondary cause of isolated systolic hypertension. J Clin Hypertens 2006;8:596–9
- Napoli R, Biondi B, Guardasole V, et al. Impact of hyperthyroidism and its correction on vascular reactivity in humans. Circulation 2001;104:3076–80