Progressive resistance training for community-dwelling women aged 90 or older; a single-subject experimental design

References

• Chodzko-Zajko WJ, Proctor DN, et al.; American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exercise and physical activity for older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009;41:1510–30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu CJ, Latham N. Can progressive resistance strength training reduce physical disability in older adults? A meta-analysis study. Disabil Rehabil 2011;33:87–97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Idland G, Rydwik E, Smastuen MC, Bergland A. Predictors of mobility in community-dwelling women aged 85 and older. Disabil Rehabil 2013;34:881--7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janssen I, Heymsfield SB, Ross R. Low relative skeletal muscle mass (sarcopenia) in older persons is associated with functional impairment and physical disability. J Am Geriatr Soc 2002;50:889–96
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leveille SG, Resnick HE, Balfour J. Gender differences in disability: evidence and underlying reasons. Aging (Milano) 2000;12:106–12
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Amigues I, Schott AM, Amine M, et al. Low skeletal muscle mass and risk of functional decline in elderly community-dwelling women: the prospective EPIDOS study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2013;14:352--7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rolland Y, Dupuy C, Abellan van KG, et al. Treatment strategies for sarcopenia and frailty. Med Clin North Am 2011; 95:427–38
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson ME, Rejeski WJ, Blair SN, et al. Physical activity and public health in older adults: recommendation from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Circulation 2007;116:1094–105
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu CJ, Latham NK. Progressive resistance strength training for improving physical function in older adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009;(3):1--270. CD002759 . doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD002759.pub2
   Google Scholar
• Fiatarone MA, Marks EC, Ryan ND, et al. High-intensity strength training in nonagenarians: effects on skeletal muscle. JAMA 1990;263:3029–34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harridge SD, Kryger A, Stensgaard A. Knee extensor strength, activation, and size in very elderly people following strength training. Muscle Nerve 1999;22:831–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodrich DE, Larkin AR, Lowery JC, et al. Adverse events among high-risk participants in a home-based walking study: a descriptive study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2007;4:20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu CJ, Latham N. Adverse events reported in progressive resistance strength training trials in older adults: 2 sides of a coin. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2010;91:1471–3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romeiser LL, Hickman RR, Harris SR, Heriza CB. Single-subject research design: recommendations for levels of evidence and quality rating. Dev Med Child Neurol 2008;50:99–103
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhan S, Ottenbacher KJ. Single subject research designs for disability research. Disabil Rehabil 2001;23:1–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolery M, Harris SR. Interpreting results of single-subject research designs. Phys Ther 1982;62:445–52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergland A, Jarnlo GB, Laake K. Predictors of falls in the elderly by location. Aging Clin Exp Res 2003;15:43–50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. “Mini-mental state”: a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 1975;12:189–98
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Podsiadlo D, Richardson S. The timed “Up & Go”: a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons. J Am Geriatr Soc 1991;39:142–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shumway-Cook A, Brauer S, Woollacott M. Predicting the probability for falls in community-dwelling older adults using the Timed Up & Go Test. Phys Ther 2000;80:896–903
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shimada H, Sawyer P, Harada K, et al. Predictive validity of the classification schema for functional mobility tests in instrumental activities of daily living decline among older adults. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2010;91:241–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin MR, Hwang HF, Hu MH, et al. Psychometric comparisons of the timed up and go, one-leg stand, functional reach, and Tinetti balance measures in community-dwelling older people. J Am Geriatr Soc 2004;52:1343–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steffen TM, Hacker TA, Mollinger L. Age- and gender-related test performance in community-dwelling elderly people: Six-Minute Walk Test, Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up & Go Test, and gait speeds. Phys Ther 2002;82:128–37
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bohannon RW. Reference values for the timed up and go test: a descriptive meta-analysis. J Geriatr Phys Ther 2006;29:64–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mangione KK, Craik RL, McCormick AA, et al. Detectable changes in physical performance measures in elderly African Americans. Phys Ther 2010;90:921–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cesari M, Kritchevsky SB, Penninx BW, et al. Prognostic value of usual gait speed in well-functioning older people – results from the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2005;53:1675–80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rydwik E, Bergland A, Forsen L, Frandin K. Investigation into the reliability and validity of the measurement of elderly people's clinical walking speed: a systematic review. Physiother Theory Pract 2012;28:238--56
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Abellan van Kan G, Rolland Y, Andrieu S, et al. Gait speed at usual pace as a predictor of adverse outcomes in community-dwelling older people: An International Academy on Nutrition and Aging (IANA) Task Force. J Nutr Health Aging 2009;13: 881–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spirduso WW, Francis KL, MacRae PG. Physical dimensions of aging. 2nd ed. Champaign (IL): Human Kinetics; 2005
   Google Scholar
• Jones CJ, Rikli RE, Beam WC. A 30-s chair-stand test as a measure of lower body strength in community-residing older adults. Res Q Exerc Sport 1999;70:113–19
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen HT, Lin CH, Yu LH. Normative physical fitness scores for community-dwelling older adults. J Nurs Res 2009;17:30–41
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ory M, Resnick B, Jordan PJ, et al. Screening, safety, and adverse events in physical activity interventions: collaborative experiences from the behavior change consortium. Ann Behav Med 2005;29:20–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sundell J. Resistance training is an effective tool against metabolic and frailty syndromes. Adv Prev Med 2011;2011:984683
   Google Scholar
• American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand. Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009;41:687–708
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kazdin AE. Single-case research designs methods for clinical and applied settings, 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2011
   Google Scholar
• Ottenbacher KJ. Visual inspection of single-subject data: an empirical analysis. Ment Retard 1990;28:283–90
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Domholdt E. Physical therapy research principles and applications, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2000
   Google Scholar
• Fragala MA, O'neil ME, Russo KJ, Dumas HM. Impairment, disability, and satisfaction outcomes after lower-extremity botulinum toxin a injections for children with cerebral palsy. Pediatr Phys Ther 2002;14:132–44
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McDowell I. Measuring health a guide to rating scales and questionnaires, 3rd ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2006
   Google Scholar
• Magnus CR, Farthing JP. Greater bilateral deficit in leg press than in handgrip exercise might be linked to differences in postural stability requirements. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2008;33:1132–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rikli RE, Jones CJ. Development and validation of criterion-referenced clinically relevant fitness standards for maintaining physical independence in later years. Gerontologist 2013;53:255--67
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bottaro M, Machado SN, Nogueira W, et al. Effect of high versus low-velocity resistance training on muscular fitness and functional performance in older men. Eur J Appl Physiol 2007;99:257–64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schlicht J, Camaione DN, Owen SV. Effect of intense strength training on standing balance, walking speed, and sit-to-stand performance in older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2001; 56:M281–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gabriel DA, Kamen G, Frost G. Neural adaptations to resistive exercise: mechanisms and recommendations for training practices. Sports Med 2006;36:133–49
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coburn JW, Housh TJ, Malek MH, et al. Neuromuscular responses to three days of velocity-specific isokinetic training. J Strength Cond Res 2006;20:892–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rydwik E, Welmer AK, Kåreholt I, et al. Adherence to physical exercise recommendations in people over 65 – The SNAC-Kungsholmen study. Eur J Public Health 2013;23:799--804
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindelof N, Karlsson S, Lundman B. Experiences of a high-intensity functional exercise programme among older people dependent in activities of daily living. Physiother Theory Pract 2012;28:307–16
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McMurdo ME, Roberts H, Parker S, et al. Improving recruitment of older people to research through good practice. Age Ageing 2011;40: 659–65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Backman CL, Harris SR, Chisholm JA, Monette AD. Single-subject research in rehabilitation: a review of studies using AB, withdrawal, multiple baseline, and alternating treatments designs. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1997;78:1145–53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalapotharakos VI, Diamantopoulos K, Tokmakidis SP. Effects of resistance training and detraining on muscle strength and functional performance of older adults aged 80 to 88 years. Aging Clin Exp Res 2010; 22:134–40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar