References
- Cox C, Clemson L, Stancliffe RJ, et al. Incidence of and risk factors for falls among adults with an intellectual disability. J Intellect Disabil Res 2010;54:1045–57
- Donald Beasley Institute. Safe Lives for people with Intellectual Disabilities: a community injury prevention project funded by Accident Compensation Corporation. Donald Beasley Institute: Dunedin, New Zealand; 2002
- Finlayson J, Morrison J, Jackson A, et al. Injuries, falls and accidents among adults with intellectual disabilities. Prospective cohort study. J Intellect Disabil Res 2010;54:966–80
- Hsieh K, Rimmer J, Heller T. Prevalence of falls and risk factors in adults with intellectual disability. Am J Intellect Dev Disabil 2012;117:442–54
- Wagemans AMA, Cluitmans JJM. Brief research report falls and fractures: a major health risk for adults with intellectual disabilities in residential settings. J Policy Pract Intellect Disabil 2006;3:136–8
- Enkelaar L, Smulders E, van Schrojenstein Lantman-de Valk H, et al. A review of balance and gait capacities in relation to falls in persons with intellectual disabilities. Res Dev Disabil 2012;33:291–306
- Pal J, Hale L, Mirfin-Veitch B, Claydon L. Injuries and falls among adults with intellectual disability: a prospective New Zealand cohort study. J Intellect Disabil Res 2013;39:35–44
- Hale L, Bray A, Littmann A. Assessing the balance capabilities of people with profound intellectual disabilities who have experienced a fall. J Intellect Disabil Res 2007;51:260–8
- Hale L, Miller R, Barach A, et al. Learning effects on the NeuroComEquiTest Balance Master® Motor Control Test in adults with intellectual disability. J Intellect Dev Disabil 2009;34:1–6
- Chiba Y, Shimada A, Yoshida F, et al. Risk of fall for individuals with intellectual disability. Amer J Intellect Dev Disabil 2009;114:225–36
- Messent PR, Cooke CB, Long J. Daily physical activity in adults with mild and moderate learning disabilities: is there enough? Disabil Rehabil 1998;20:424–7
- Peterson JJ, Janz KF, Lowe JB. Physical activity among adults with intellectual disabilities living in community settings. Prev Med 2008;47:101–6
- Frey L, Szalda-Petee A, Traci MA, Seekins T. Prevention of secondary health conditions in adults with developmental disabilities: a review of the literature. Disabil Rehabil 2001;23:361–9
- Willgoss TG, Yohannes AM, Mitchell D. Review of risk factors and preventative strategies for fall-related injuries in people with intellectual disabilities. J Clin Nurs 2010;19:2100–9
- Pal J, Hale L, Claydon L, Mirfin-Veitch B. Experiences of therapists trying to reduce falls risk for people with intellectual disability. J Policy Practice Intellect Disabil 2013;10:314–20
- Gillespie LD, Robertson MC, Gillespie WJ, et al. Interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009;4:CD007146
- Campbell M, Fitzpatrick R, Haines A, et al. Framework for design and evaluation of complex interventions to improve health. BMJ 2000;321:694–6
- Lamb SE, Jørstad-Stein EC, Hauer K, Becker C, Prevention of Falls Network Europe and Outcomes Consensus Group. Development of a common outcome data set for fall injury prevention trials: the Prevention of Falls Network Europe consensus. J Am Geriatr Soc 2005;53:1618–22
- New Zealand Ministry of Health. Intellectual Disability (Compulsory Care and Rehabilitation) Act 2003 “IDCC&R Act” 2003. Available from: http://www.health.govt.nz/our-work/disability-services/intellectual-disability-compulsory-care-and-rehabilitation-act-2003 [last accessed 19 Feb 2015]
- Tinetti ME, Williams TF, Mayewski R. Risk of fall index for elderly patients based on number of chronic disabilities. Am J Med 1986;80:429–34
- Van Swearingen JM, Paschal KA, Bonino P, Yang JF. The modified Gait Abnormality Rating Scale for recognizing the risk of recurrent falls in community-dwelling elderly adults. Phys Ther 1996;76:994–1002
- Chou CY, Chien CW, Hsueh IP, et al. Developing a short form of the Berg Balance Scale for people with stroke. Phys Ther 2006;86:195–204
- Hale L, Donovan K. A video-based balance measure for people with intellectual disability. J Intellect Dev Disabil 2014;39:206–13
- Sackley C, Richardson P, McDonnel K, et al. The reliability of balance and self-care measures in a population of adults with a learning disability known to physiotherapy services. Clin Rehabil 2005;19:216–23
- Hale L, McIlraith L, Miller M, et al. The inter-rater reliability of the modified Gait Abnormality Rating Scale for use with people with intellectual disability. J Intellect Dev Disabil 2010;35:77–81
- Oppewal A, Hilgenkamp TI, van Wijck R, Evenhuis HM. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) is a reliable instrument for balance assessment in the population of (older) adults with ID. Res Dev Disabil 2013;34:2743–52
- Raynes N, Sumpton R, Pettipher C. Index of participation in domestic life. Manchester, UK: University Department of Social Policy and Social Work; 1989
- Raynes N, Wright K, Shiell A, Pettipher C. The cost and quality of community residential care: an evaluation of the services for adults with learning disabilities. London: Fulton; 1994
- Gordon MS, Shevlin M, Tierney KJ, et al. Correspondence between self-ratings and key-workers' ratings of depression in adults with mild learning disabilities. Br J Clin Psychol 2007;46:491–5
- Hertzog MA. Considerations in determining sample size for pilot studies. Res Nurs Health 2008;30:180–91
- Kazis LE, Anderson JJ, Meenan RF. Effect sizes for interpreting changes in health status. Med Care 1989;27:S178–89
- Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates; 1988
- Thomas DR. A general inductive approach for analyzing qualitative evaluation data. Am J Eval 2006;27:237–46
- Erzerberger C, Prein G. Triangulation: validity and empirically based hypothesis construction. Qual Quant 1997;31:141–54
- Hale LA, Smith C, Mulligan H, Treharne GJ. “Tell me what you want, what you really really want … ”: asking people with multiple sclerosis about enhancing their participation in physical activity. Disabil Rehabil 2012;34:1887–93
- Deci EL, Ryan RM. The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: human needs and the self-determination of behaviour. Psych Inquiry 2000;11:227–68
- Stancliffe RJ. Proxy respondents and the reliability of the Quality of Life Questionnaire Empowerment factor. J Intellect Disabil Res 1999;43:185–93