Therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome/acute leukemia after multiple myeloma in the era of novel agents

References

• Kyle RA, Pierre RV, Bayrd ED. Multiple myeloma and acute myelomonocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med 1970;283:1121–1125.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morton LM, Dores GM, Tucker MA, et al. Evolving risk of therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia following cancer chemotherapy among adults in the United States, 1975–2008. Blood 2013;121:2996–3004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Del Canizo Mf, Amigo Mf, Hernandez JM, et al. Incidence and characterization of secondary myelodysplastic syndromes following autologous transplantation. Haematologica 2000;85:403–409.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddi DM, Lu CM, Fedoriw G, et al. Myeloid neoplasms secondary to plasma cell myeloma: an intrinsic predisposition or therapy-related phenomenon? A clinicopathologic study of 41 cases and correlation of cytogenetic features with treatment regimens. Am J Clin Pathol 2012;138:855–866.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Usmani SZ, Sawyer J, Rosenthal A, et al. Risk factors for MDS and acute leukemia following total therapy 2 and 3 for multiple myeloma. Blood 2013;121:4753–4757.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warren JL, Harlan LC, Stevens J, et al. Multiple myeloma treatment transformed: a population-based study of changes in initial management approaches in the United States. J Clin Oncol 2013;31:1984–1989.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warner JL, Alterovitz G, Bodio K, et al. External phenome analysis enables a rational federated query strategy to detect changing rates of treatment-related complications associated with multiple myeloma. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2013;20:696–699.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SEER cancer statistics factsheets: myeloma [Internet]. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute . Available from: http://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/mulmy.html
   Google Scholar
• Mailankody S, Pfeiffer RM, Kristinsson SY, et al. Risk of acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes after multiple myeloma and its precursor disease (MGUS). Blood 2011;118: 4086–4092.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dimopoulos MA, Terpos E, Niesvizky R. How lenalidomide is changing the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2013;88(Suppl. 1):S23–S35.
   Google Scholar
• Rajkumar SV, Jacobus S, Callander NS, et al.; Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. Lenalidomide plus high-dose dexamethasone versus lenalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone as initial therapy for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: an open-label randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol 2010;11:2937. Erratum in: Lancet Oncol 2010;11:14.
   Google Scholar
• Beauchamp-Nicoud A, Feneux D, Bayle C, et al. Therapy-related myelodysplasia and/or acute myeloid leukaemia after autologous haematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation in a prospective single centre cohort of 221 patients. Br J Haematol 2003;122:109–117.
   Google Scholar
• Sevilla J, Rodríguez A, Hernandez-Maraver D, et al. Secondary acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplasia after autologous peripheral blood progenitor cell transplantation. Ann Hematol 2002;81:11–15.
   Google Scholar
• Nilsson T, Nilsson L, Lenhoff S, et al. MDS/AML-associated cytogenetic abnormalities in multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: evidence for frequent de novo occurrence and multipotent stem cell involvement of del(20q). Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2004;41:223–231.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roeker LE, Larson DR, Kyle RA, et al. Risk of acute leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS): a population-based study of 17 315 patients. Leukemia 2013;27:1391–1393.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turesson I, Kovalchik SA, Pfeiffer RM, et al. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and risk of lymphoid and myeloid malignancies: 728 cases followed up to 30 years in Sweden. Blood 2014;123:338–345.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matarraz S, Paiva B, Diez-Campelo M, et al.; GEM Grupo Español de MM/Programa para el Estudio de la Terapéutica en Hemopatías Malignas Co-operative Study Groups. Myelodysplasia-associated immunophenotypic alterations of bone marrow cells in myeloma: are they present at diagnosis or are they induced by lenalidomide?Haematologica 2012;97:1608–1611.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Attal M, Lauwers-Cances V, Marit G, et al.; IFM Investigators. Lenalidomide maintenance after stem-cell transplantation for multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 2012;366:1782–1791.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCarthy PL, Owzar K, Hofmeister CC, et al. Lenalidomide after stem-cell transplantation for multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 2012;366:1770–1781.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palumbo A, Hajek R, Delforge M, et al.; MM-015 Investigators. Continuous lenalidomide treatment for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 2012;366:1759–1769. Erratum in: N Engl J Med 2012;367:285.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mateos MV, Hernandez MT, Giraldo P, et al. Lenalidomide plus dexamethasone for high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 2013;369:438–447.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palumbo A, Bringhen S, Kumar SK, et al. Second primary malignancies with lenalidomide therapy for newly diagnosed myeloma: a meta-analysis of individual patient data. Lancet Oncol 2014;15:333–342.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monaghan SA, Dai L, Mapara MY, et al. Longitudinal bone marrow evaluations for myelodysplasia in patients with myeloma before and after treatment with lenalidomide. Leuk Lymphoma 2013;54: 1965–1974.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reece DE, Masih-Khan E, Goswami RS, et al. Incidence and characteristics of secondary myelodysplastic syndrome developing during lenalidomide-based regimens in relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma patients. Blood. 2010;116(Suppl. 1):Abstract 1877.
   Google Scholar
• Goswami RS, Barth D, Masih-Khan E, et al. Characteristics of patients presenting with secondary myelodysplastic syndrome during treatment with lenalidomide for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: 5q deletions can be observed. Blood. 2010;116(Suppl. 1): Abstract 1876.
   Google Scholar
• Yao S, Hahn T, Zhang Y, et al. Unrelated donor allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation is underused as a curative therapy in eligible patients from the United States. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2013;19:1459–1464.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar