Combination of Mitoxantrone and Etoposide in the Treatment of Myelodysplastic Syndromes Transformed into Acute Myeloid Leukemia

References

• Mufti G. J., Galton D. A. G. Myelodysplastic syndromes: Natural history and features of prognostic importance. Clin. Haematol. 1986; 15: 953–971
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jacobs A. Myelodysplastic syndromes: Pathogenesis, functional abnormalities and clinical implications. J. Clin. Path. 1985; 38: 1201–1205
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foucar K., Langdon R. M., Armitage J. O., Olson D., Carrol T. J., Jr. Myelodysplastic syndromes: A clinical and pathological analysis of 109 cases. Cancer 1985; 56: 553–561
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Economopoulos T., Stathakis N., Foudoulakis A., Papadoulis N., Dervenoulas J., Papageorgiou E. Myelodysplastic syndromes: analysis of 131 cases according to the FAB classification. Eur. J. Haematol. 1987; 38: 338–344
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mufti G. J., Stevens J. R., Oscier D. G., Hamblin T., Machin D. The myelodysplastic syndromes: A scoring system with prognostic significance. Br. J. Haematol. 1985; 59: 425–433
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raymakers R., de Witte T., Joziasse J., van der Lely N., Boezeman J., Haanen C. In vitro growth pattern and differentiation predict for progression of myelodysplastic syndromes to acute nonlymphocytic leukaemia. Br. J. Haematol. 1991; 78: 35–41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith T. L., Gehan E. A., Keating M. J., Freireich E. J. Prediction of remission in adult acute leukemia: development and testing of predictive models. Cancer 1982; 50: 466–472
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu Yin J. A., Johnson P. R., Davies J. M., Flanagan N. G., Gorst D. W., Lewis M. J. Mitozantrone and cytosine arabinoside as first-line therapy in elderly patients with acute myelogenous leukemia. Br. J. Haematol. 1991; 79: 415–420
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Witte T., Muus P., de Pauw B., Haanen C. Intensive antileukemic treatment of patients younger than 65 years with myelodysplastic syndromes and secondary acute myelogenous leukemia. Cancer 1990; 66: 831–837
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paciucci P. A., Ohnuma T., Cuttner J., Silver R. T., Holland J. F. Mitoxantrone in patients with acute leukemia in relapse. Cancer Res. 1983; 43: 3919–3922
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bezwoda W., Bernasconi C., Hutchinson R. M., Winfield D. A., de Bock R., Mandelli F. Mitoxantrone for refractory and relapsed acute leukemia. Cancer 1990; 66: 418–422
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arlin Z., Case D. C., Moore J., Wiernik P., Feldman E., Saletan S. Randomized multicenter trial of cytosine arabinoside with mitoxantrone or daunorubicin in previously untreated adult patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. Leukemia 1990; 4: 177–183
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stadtmauer E. A., Cassileth P. A., Gale R. P. Etoposide in leukemia, lymphoma and bone marrow transplantation. Leukemia Res. 1989; 13: 639–650
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ho A. D., Lipp T., Ehninger G., Illiger H.-J., Meyer P., Freund M. Combination of mitoxantrone and etoposide in refractory acute myelogenous leukemia—an active and well tolerated regimen. J. Clin. Oncol. 1988; 6: 213–217
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knauf W. U., Ho A. D., Koerbling M., Hunstein W. Combination therapy with mitoxantrone and etoposide in acute myelogenous leukemia of adults. Haematology and Blood Transfusion, T. Buechner, G. Schellong, W. Hiddemann, J. Ritter. Springer Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg 1990; vol. 33: 314–315, Acute Leukaemias II
   Google Scholar
• Ehninger G., Fackler-Schwalbe E., Freund M., Heil G., Henke M., Hoelzer D. Combination of mitoxantrone and etoposide in patients aged over 60 years with untreated acute myelogenous leukemia. Haematology and Blood Transfusion, T. Buechner, G. Schellong, W. Hid-Demann, J. Ritter, JJ Acute Leukaemias. Springer Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg 1990; vol. 33: 316–317
   Google Scholar
• Bennett J. M., Catovski D., Daniel M. T., Flandrin M., Galton D. A. G., Gralnick H. R. French-American-British (FAB) Cooperative Group. Proposals for the classification of the myelodysplastic syndromes. Br. J. Haematol. 1982; 51: 189–199
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bennett J. M., Catovski D., Daniel M., Flandrin M., Galton D. A. G., Gralnick H. R. French-American-British (FAB) Cooperative Group. Proposals for the classification of the acute leukemias. Br. J. Haematol. 1976; 33: 451–458
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamblin T. The treatment of acute myeloid leukemia preceded by the myelodysplastic syndrome. Leukemia Res. 1992; 16: 101–108
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gajewski J. L., Ho W. G., Nimer S. D., Hirji K. F., Gekelman L., Jacobs A. D. Efficacy of intensive chemotherapy for acute myelogenous leukemia associated with a preleukemic syndrome. J. Clin. Oncol. 1989; 7: 1637–1645
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoyle C. F., de Bastos M., Wheatley K., Sherrington P. D., Fischer P. J., Rees J. K. H. AML associated with previous cytotoxic therapy, MDS or myeloprolif-erative disorders: results from the MRC's 9th AML trial. Br. J. Haematol. 1989; 72: 45–53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aul C., Schneider W. The role of low dose cytosine arabinoside and aggressive chemotherapy in advanced myelodysplastic syndrome. Cancer 1989; 64: 1812–1818
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fenaux P., Lai J. L., Jouet J. P., Pollet J. P., Bauters F. Aggressive chemotherapy in adult primary myelodysplastic syndromes. Blut 1988; 57: 297–302
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lazzarino M., Morra E., Alessandrino E. P., Orlandi Pagnucco G., Merante S. Mitoxantrone and etoposide: an effective regimen for refractory and relapsed acute myelogenous leukemia. Eur. J. Haematol. 1989; 43: 411–416
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tricot G., Boogaerts M. A. The role of aggressive chemotherapy in the treatment of the myelodysplastic syndromes. Br. J. Haematol. 1986; 63: 477–483
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martiat P., Ferrant A., Michaux J. L., Sokal G. Intensive chemotherapy for acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia after primary myelodysplastic syndrome. Haematol. Oncol. 1988; 6: 299–305
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Donnell M. R., Nademanee A. P., Snyder D. S., Schmidt G. M., Parker P. M., Bierman P. J. Bone marrow transplantation for myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative syndromes. J. Clin. Oncol. 1987; 5: 1822–1826
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Longmore G., Guinan E. C., Weinstein H. J., Gelber P. D., Rappeport J. M., Antin J. H. Bone marrow transplantation for myelodysplasia and secondary acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia. J. Clin. Oncol. 1990; 8: 1707–1716
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Witte T., Zwaan F., Hermans J., Vernant J., Kolb H., Vossen J. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for secondary leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndrome: a survey by the Leukaemia Working Party of the European Bone Marrow Transplantation Group (EBMTG). Br. J. Haematol. 1990; 74: 151–155
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oken M. M., Kim K., Mazza J. J., Hines J. D., Bennett J. M., Cassileth P. A. Maintenance low dose Ara-C (LDAC) improves complete remission (CR) duration from salvage induction therapy for relapsed and refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 1991; 10: 220, (Abstract)
   Google Scholar
• Michalewicz R., Lotem J., Sachs L. Cell differentiation and therapeutic effect of low doses of cytosinearabinoside in human myeloid leukemia. Leukemia Res. 1984; 8: 783–790
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar