40
Views
66
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

Classification and Staging of Ph-negative Myeloproliferative Disorders by Histopathology from Bone Marrow Biopsies

, , , &
Pages 15-29 | Received 18 Mar 1996, Published online: 01 Jul 2009

References

  • Rozman C., Giralt M., Feliu E., Rubio D., Cortés M.-T. Life expectancy of patients with chronic non-leukemic myeloproliferative disorders. Cancer 1991; 67: 2658–2665
  • Cortelazzo S., Viero P., Finazzi G., D'Emilio A., Rodeghiero F., Barbui T. Incidence and risk factors for thrombotic complications in a historical cohort of 100 patients with essential thrombocythemia. J. Clin. Oncol. 1990; 8: 556–562
  • Van Genderen P. J., Michiels J. J. Primary thrombocythemia: diagnosis, clinical manifestations and management. Ann. Hematol. 1993; 67: 57–62
  • Pearson T. C., Messinezy M. Polycythemia and thrombocythaemia in the elderly. Baillieres Clin. Hematol. 1987; 1: 355–387
  • Landaw S. A. Polycythemia vera and other polycythemic states. Clin. Lab. Med. 1990; 10: 857–871
  • Murphy S. Polycythemia vera. Disease-a-month 1992; 38: 153–212
  • Rain J. D. Clinical and laboratory assessment and therapeutic problems in longstanding polycythemia vera. Nouv. Rev. Fr. Hematol. 1994; 36: 197–203
  • Barbui T., De Gaetano G., Finazzi G., Landolfi R., Marchioli R., Patrono C., Tognoni G. Clinical epidemiology in 1,213 patients with polycythemia vera. Ann. Int. Med. 1996, in press
  • Visani G., Finelli C., Castelli V., et al. Myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia: clinical and haematological parameters predicting survival in a series of 133 patients. Br. J. Haematol. 1990; 75: 4–9
  • Weinstein I. M. Idiopathic myelofibrosis: historical review, diagnosis, and management. Blood Rev. 1991; 5: 98–104
  • Loewy G., Mathew A., Distenfeld A. Skin manifestation of agnogenic myeloid metaplasia. Am. J. Hematol. 1994; 45(2)167–170
  • Kaplan K. R., Mitchell D. G., Steiner R. M., Murphy S., Vinitski S., Rao V. M., Burk D. L., Rifkin M. D. Polycythemia vera and myelofibrosis: correlation of MR imaging, clinical, and laboratory findings. Radiology 1992; 183: 329–334
  • Ellis J. T., Peterson P., Geller ST A., et al. Studies of the bone marrow in polycythemia vera and the evolution of myelofibrosis and secondary hematologic malignancies. Semin. Hematol. 1986; 23: 144–155
  • Lagier R., Baud C. A. Osteomyelosclerosis following polycythaemia vera: radiological correlation in a femur. Eur. J. Radiol. 1990; 10: 15–18
  • Thiele J., Wagner ST, Degel Ch., Dienemann D., Wienhold ST, Zankovich R., Fischer R., Stein H. Megakaryocyte precursors (pro- and megakaryoblasts) in bone marrow tissue from patients with reactive thrombocytosis, polycythemia vera, and primary (essential) thrombocythemia. Virchows Arch. [B] 1990; 58: 295–302
  • Thiele J., Rompcik V., Wagner ST, Fischer R. Vascular architecture and collagen type IV in primary myelofibrosis and polycythaemia vera: an immunomorphometric study on trephine biopsies of the bone marrow. Br. J. Haematol. 1992; 80: 227–334
  • Dickstein J. I., Vardiman J. W. Hematopathologic findings in myeloproliferative disorders. Semin. Oncol. 1995; 22: 355–373
  • Tefferi A., Silverstein M. N. Agnogenic myeloid metaplasia. Leukemia & Lymphoma 1996
  • Castro-Malaspina H. Pathogenesis of myelofibrosis: role of in-effective megakaryopoiesis and megakaryocyte components. Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. 1984; 154: 427–451
  • Thiele J., Chen Y. S., Kvasnicka H. M., Diehl V., Fischer R. Evolution of fibro-osteosclerotic bone marrow lesions in primary (idiopathic) osteomyelofibrosis—a histomorphometric study on sequential trephine biopsies. Leukemia & Lymphoma 1994; 14: 163–169
  • Yonemitsu H., Okuda K. Essential thrombocythemia terminating in myelofibrosis and myeloblastic transformation. Jpn. J. Med. 1985; 24(1)57–61
  • Georgii A., Vykoupil K.-F., Buhr T., Choritz H., Döhler U., Kaloutsi V., Werner M. Chronic myeloproliferative disorders in bone marrow biopsies. Path. Res. Pract. 1990; 186: 3–27
  • Hernandez J. M., Orfao A., Gonzalez M., Cuesta B., Lopez-Berges M. C., Canizo M. C., Ciudad J., San Miguel J. F. Immunophaenotypic characterisation of acute leukaemia after polycythaemia vera. J. Clin. Pathol. 1993; 46: 668–671
  • Najfeld V., Coyle T., Berk P. D. Transformation of polycythemia vera to acute nonlymphocytic leukemia accompanied by t(1;3) (p36;q21) karyotype). Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 1988; 33: 193–200
  • Bartl R., Frisch B., Wilmanns W. Potential of bone marrow biopsy in chronic myeloproliferative disorders (MPD). Eur. J. Haematol. 1993; 40(1)41–52
  • Hernandez J. M., San Miguel J. F., Gonzalez M., Orfao A., Canizo M. C., Bascones C., Hernandez J., Lopez Borrasca A. Development of acute leukaemia after idiopathic myelofibrosis. J. Clin. Path. 1992; 45(5)427–430
  • Kurashima K., Kawamura Y., Ohka T., Hayashi M., Matsuda T. Primary myelofibrosis terminating in megakaryoblastic crisis. Jpn. J. Med. 1990; 29(2)226–229
  • Koza I., Babusikova O. Sequential development of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in a patient with polycythemia vera. Neoplasma 1988; 35: 77–80
  • Roth A. D., Oral A., Przepiorka D., Gollin S. M., Chervenick P. A. Chronic myelogenous leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia occurring in the course of polycythemia vera. Am. J. Hematol. 1993; 43: 123–128
  • Hoffman R., Estren S., Kopel S., et al. Lymphoblastic-like leukemic transformation of polycythemia vera. Ann. Intern. Med. 1978; 89: 71
  • Peterson P., Ellis J. T., Block M. H., et al. The occurrence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in polycythemia vera. Lab. Invest. 1985; 52: 51
  • Schlaifer D., Dastugue N., Brousset P., Delsol G., Muller C., Rigal-Huguet F., Attal M., Laurent G., Pris J. B-cell lymphoma following polycythemia vera: evidence for the involvement of two different clones. Leukemia 1994; 8: 895–896
  • Sedlacek S. M., Curtis J. L., Weintraub J., Levin J. Essential thrombocythemia and leukemic transformation. Medicine 1986; 65(6)353–364
  • Chen Y. H., Mishoulam H., Mir J. A., Choi Y. S., Schade S. G. Blastic transformation in a case of essential thrombocythemia. South. Med. J. 1987; 80(8)1040–1043
  • Emilia G., Sacchi S., Temperani P., Longo R., Vecchi A. Progression of essential thrombocythemia to blastic crisis via idiopathic myelofibrosis. Leukemia and Lymphoma 1993; 9: 423–426
  • Kimura A., Fujimoro T., Inada T., Imamura N., Oguma N., Kajihara H., Mtasiwa D. M., Katoh O., Fujimura K., Kuramoto A. Blastic transformation in essential thrombocythemia. In vitro differentiation of blast cells in granulocytic, erythroid, and megakaryocytic lineages. Cancer 1990; 65(7)1538–1544
  • Vinti H., Taillan B., Pesce A., Michiels J. F., Bayle J., Cassuto J. P. Megakaryoblastic transformation of essential thrombocythemia, hypercalcemia, and lytic bone lesions (letter). Acta Haematol. (Basel) 1990; 83(1)53
  • Honma K., Moto K., Ohnishi Y., Kimura K. Blastic transformation of essential thrombocythemia. A case report. Acta. Pathol. Jpn. 1989; 39(10)670–676
  • Selleri C., Alfinito F., Del Vecchio L., Luciano L., De Renzo A., Rotoli B. Cytoplasmic GPIIb-IIIa and cytokine secretion by blasts in a case of megakaryoblastic transformation of essential thrombocythemia. Leukemia and Lymphoma 1993; 10: 497–500
  • Shibata K., Shimamoto Y., Suga K., Sano M., Matsuzaki M., Yamaguchi M. Essential thrombocythemia terminating in acute leukemia with minimal myeloid differentiation—a brief review of recent literature. Acta Haematol. (Basel) 1994; 91(2)84–88
  • Van De Pette J. E. W., Prochazka A. V., Pearson T. C., Singh A. K., Dickson E. R., Wetherley-Mein G. Primary thrombocythemia treated with busulfan. Br. J. Haematol. 1986; 62: 229–237
  • Cortelazzo S., Viero P., Finazzi G., D'Emilio A., Rodeghiero F., Barbui T. Hydroxyurea in the treatment of patients with essential thrombocythemia to high risk of thrombosis: a prospective randomized trial. N. Engl. J. Med. 1995; 17: 1132–1136
  • Lengfelder E., Hochhaus A., Hehlmann R. Therapy of 143 essential thrombocythemia patients by interferon alpha versus hydroxyurea. 1995, (submitted)
  • Parmentier C., Cardet P. The use of 32 phosphorus (32P) in the treatment of polycythemia vera. Nouv. Rev. Fr. Hematol. 1994; 36: 189–192
  • Messora C., Bensi L., Vecchi A., Longo R., Giacobbi F., Temperani P., Bevini M., Emilia G., Sacchi S. Cytogenetic conversion in a case of polycythaemia vera treated with interferon-alpha. Br. J. Haematol. 1994; 86: 402–404
  • Peterson P., Murphy S., Iland H. J., Geller S. A., Ellis J. T. Occurrence of acute leukemia in treated essential thrombocythemia. Lab. Invest. 1994; 70: 118
  • Berk P. D., Goldberg J. D., Silverstein M. N., Weinfeld A., Donovan P. B., Ellis J. T., Landaw S. A., Laszlo J., Najean Y., Psciotta A. V., Wasserman L. R. Increased incidence of acute leukemia in polycythemia vera associated with chlorambucil therapy. N. Engl. J. Med. 1981; 34: 441–447
  • Hawkins T. E., Carter J. M., Romeril K. R., Jackson S. R., Green G. J. Lymphoma transformation in polycythaemia vera treated with hydroxyurea (letter). Am. J. Hematol. 1993; 44: 290
  • Weinfeld A., Swolin B., Westin J. Acute leukaemia after hydroxyurea therapy in polycythaemia vera and allied disorders: prospective study of efficency and leukaemogenicity with therapeutic implications. Eur. J. Haematol. 1994; 52: 134–139
  • Brandt L., Anderson H. Survival and risk of leukaemia in polycythaemia vera and essential thrombocythaemia treated with oral radiophosphorus: are safer drugs available. Eur. J. Haematol. 1995; 54(1)21–26
  • Silverstein M. N., Petitt R. M., Fleming L. A., St Knight J. R. C., Schacter L. P. Anagrelide: a new drug for treating thrombocytosis. N. Engl. J. Med. 1988; 318: 1292–1294
  • Anagrelide Study Group. Anagrelide—a therapy for thrombo-cythemic states: experience in 577 patients. Am. J. Med. 1992; 92: 69–76
  • Landolfi R., Ciabattoni G., Patrigriani P., Castellana M. A. L., Pogliani E., Bizzi B., Patrono C. Increased thromboxane biosynthesis in patients with polycythemia vera: evidence for aspirin-suppressible platelet activation in vivo. Blood 1992; 80: 1965–1971
  • De Mascarel A. Contribution of bone marrow biopsy in the diagnosis and prognosis of polycythemia vera. Nouv. Rev. Fr. Hematol. 1994; 36: 165–166
  • Werner M., Kaloutsi V., Kausche F., Buhr T., Georgii A. Evidence from moleculargenetic and cytogenetic analyses that bone marrow histopathology gives reliable diagnoses in chronic myeloproliferative disorders. Virchows Arch. [B] 1993; 63: 199–204
  • Werner M., Nolte M., Kaloutsi V., Buhr Th., Kausche F., Georgii A. Karyotype findings and molecular analysis of the bcr gene rearrangement supplementing the histological classification of chronic myeloproliferative disorders. Lab. Invest. 1995; 72: 405–410
  • Nolte M., Werner M., Ewig M., von Wasielewski R., Wilkens L., Georgii A. Demonstration of the Philadelphia translocation by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in paraffin sections and identification of aberrant cells by a combined FISH/immunophenotyping approach. Histopathology 1995; 26: 433–437
  • Bernhards J., Weitzel B., Werner M., Rimpler M., Georgii A. A new histological embedding method by low-temperature polymerisation of methyl methacrylate allowing immuno- and enzyme histochemical studies on semi-thin sections of undecalcified bone marrow biopsies. Histochemistry 1992; 98: 145–154
  • Georgii A., Bernhards J., Werner M. Die neue Hannover-Methode zur Kunststoff-Einbettung vom Knochenmark: Kalt-Polymerisation von Methyl-Methacrylat. Pathologe 1995; 16: 28–33
  • Nafe R., Georgii A., Kaloutsi V., Fritsch R. S., Choritz H. Planimetric analysis of megakaryocytes and the four main groups of chronic myeloproliferative disorders. Virchows Arch. [B] 1991; 61: 111–116
  • Nafe R., Kaloutsi V., Choritz H., Georgii A. Elliptic fourier analysis of megakaryocyte nuclei in chronic myeloproliferative disorders. Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol. 1992; 14: 391–397
  • Nafe R., Kaloutsi V., Fritsch R. S., Georgii A. Quantitative cytomorphology of megakaryocytes in chronic myeloproliferative disorders-Analysis of planimetric and numeric characteristics by means of a knowledge based system. Exp. Pathol. 1991; 40: 213–219
  • Peterson P., Ellis J. T., Geller S. A., et al. Increased incidence of acute leukemia in spent polycythemia following myelo-suppressive therapy. Lab. Invest. 1986; 54: 48
  • Najean Y., Dresch C., Rain J. D. The very-long-term course of polycythemia: a complement to the previously published data of the Polycythaemia Vera Study Group. Br. J. Haematol. 1994; 86: 233–235
  • Anger B., Haug U., Seidler R., Heimpel H. Polycythemia vera. A. clinical study of 141 patients. Blut 1989; 59: 493–500
  • Swolin B., Weinfeld A., Westin J. A prospective long-term cytogenetic study in polycythemia vera in relation to treatment and clinical course. Blood 1988; 72: 386–395
  • Hino K., Sato S., Sakashita A., Tomoyasu S., Tsuruoka N., Koike T. Megakaryoblastic transformation associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation in the course of polycythemia vera: a case report. Rinsho Ketsueki (Jpn. J. Clin. Hematol.) 1992; 33: 500–506
  • Wong K. F., Chan J. K., Ma S. K., Chu Y. C. Megakaryoblastic transformation of polycythemia vera associated with hypercalcemia. Am. J. Hematol. 1993; 43: 240–242
  • Barosi G., Ambrosetti A., Burratti A., et al. Splenectomy for patients with myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia; pretreatment variables and outcome prediction. Leukemia 1993; 7: 200–206
  • Georgii A., Vykoupil K. F., Thiele J. Chronic megakaryocytic granulocytic myelosis -CMGM -. A subtype of chronic myeloid leukemia. Virchows Arch. A Path Anat and Histol 1980; 389: 253–268
  • Buhr Th., Georgii A., Choritz H. Myelofibrosis in chronic myeloproliferative disorders: Incidence among subtypes according to the Hannover classification. Path. Res. Pract. 1993; 189: 121–132
  • Buhr T., Choritz H., Georgii A. The impact of megakaryocyte proliferation for the evolution of myelofibrosis. Histological follow-up study in 186 patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia. Virchows Arch. [A] 1992; 420: 473–478
  • Lewis S. M., Szur L. Malignant myelosclerosis. Br. Med. J. 1963; 2: 472–477
  • Amberger D. M., Saleem A., Kemp B. L., Truong L. D. Acute myelofibrosis—a leukemia of pluripotent stem cell. A report of three cases and review of the literature. Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci. 1990; 20(6)409–414
  • Becher R. Acute myelofibrosis in megakaryoblastic leukemia with translocation between chromosomes 8 and 14. Klin. Wschr. 1988; 66(12)556
  • Bullorsky E. O., Shanley C. M., Stemmelin G., Venditti J., Lajous J. R. Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia with massive myelofibrosis: complete remission and reversal of marrow fibrosis with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation as the only treatment. Bone Marrow Transplantation 1990; 6(6)449–452
  • Marino G. G. Acute myelofibrosis: report of a case and review of current literature. J. Am. Osteopath. Assoc. 1989; 89(10)1323–1326
  • Thiele J., Krech R., Vykoupil K. F., Georgii A. Malignant (acute) myelosclerosis—a clinical pathological study in 6 patients. Scand. J. Haematol. 1984; 33: 95–105
  • Hruban R. H., Kukajda F. P., Mann R. B. Acute myelofibrosis. Immunohistochemical study of four cases and comparison with acute megakaryocytic leukemia. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 1987; 88: 578–588

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.