A Review of Pharmacotherapie for Substance Abuse

References

• Sellers E M, Naranjo C A, Harrison M, et al. Diazepam loading: simplified treatment of alcohol withdrawal. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1983; 34: 822–826
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gross G A. The use of propranolol as a method to manage acute alcohol detoxification. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1982; 82: 206–207
   Google Scholar
• Kraus M L, Gottlieb L D, Horwitz R L, et al. Randomized clinical trial of atenolol in patients with alcohol withdrawal. N Engl J Med 1985; 313: 905–909
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumgartner G R, Rowen R C. Clonidine vs. chlordiazepoxide in the management of acute alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Arch Intern Med 1987; 107: 880–884
   Google Scholar
• Brunning J, Mumford J P, Keaney F P. Lofexidine in alcohol withdrawal states. Alcohol 1986; 21: 167
   Google Scholar
• Banger M, Benkert O, Roschke J, et al. Nimodipine in acute alcohol withdrawal state. J Psychiatr Res 1992; 26: 117–123
   Google Scholar
• Gatti A, Munari L, Perretti A, et al. Sequential nimodipine‐reduced glutadiione treatment in alcoholic abstinence syndrome: preliminary experience. Minerva Med 1992; 83: 277–281
   Google Scholar
• Agricola R. Treatment of acute alcohol withdrawal syndrome with carbamazapine: a double‐blind comparison with tiapride. J Int Med Res 1982; 10: 160–165
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ballenger J C, Post R M. Mechanism of action of carbamazepine and anticonvulsants in affective illness. Psychopharmacology: The Third Generation of Progress, H Meltzer, B S Bunney, Jr. Raven, New York 1987; 567–576
   Google Scholar
• Malcolm R, Ballenger J C, Sturgis E T, et al. Double‐blind controlled trial comparing carbamazepine to oxazepam treatment of alcohol withdrawal. Am J Psychiatry 1989; 146: 617–621
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ries R K, Roy‐Byrne P P, Ward N G, et al. Carbamazepine treatment for benzodiazepine withdrawal. Am J Psychiatry 1989; 146: 536–537
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ritola E, Malinen L. A double‐blind comparison of carbamazepine and clomethiazole in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1981; 64: 254–259
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaw G K. Alcohol dependence and withdrawal. Br Med Bull 1982; 38: 99–102
   Google Scholar
• Gessner P K. Drug therapy of the alcohol withdrawal syndrome. The Biochemistry and Pharmacology of Ethanol, E Majchrowicz, E Noble. Plenum, New York 1979; 375–434
   Google Scholar
• Wilbur R, Kulik F A. Anticonvulsant drugs in alcohol withdrawal: use of phenytoin, primidone, carbamazepine, valproic acid, and the sedative anticonvulsants. Am J Hosp Pharm 1981; 38: 1138–1143
   Google Scholar
• Lambie D G, Johnson R H, Vijayasenan M E, et al. Sodium valproate in the treatment of the alcohol wididrawal syndrome. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 1980; 14: 213–215
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hillbom M, Tokola R, Kuusela V, et al. Prevention of alcohol withdrawal seizures with carbamazepine and valproic acid. Alcohol 1989; 6: 223–226
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roy‐Byrne P P, Ward N G, Donnelly P J. Valproate in anxiety and withdrawal syndromes. J Clin Psychiatry 1989; 50: 44–48
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VoIpicelli J, O'Brien C, Alterman A, et al. Naltrexone in the treatment of alcohol dependence. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1992; 49: 867–880
   Google Scholar
• O'Malley S S, Jaffe A J, Chang G, et al. Naltrexone and coping skills therapy for alcohol dependence: a controlled study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1992; 49: 894–898
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sellers E M, Higgins G A, Sobell M B. 5‐HT and alcohol abuse. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1992; 13: 69–75
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruno F, Casten G. Buspirone treatment of alcoholic patients. Data presented at the Hospital and Community Psychiatry Meeting. Boston, MA 1987
   Google Scholar
• Monti J M, Alterwain P. Ritanserin decreases alcohol intake in chronic alcoholics (letter). Lancet 1991; 337: 60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naranjo C A, Kadlec K E, Sanhueza P, et al. Fluoxetine differentially alters alcohol intake and other consummatory behaviors in problem drinkers. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1990; 47: 490–498
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naranjo C A, Sullivan J T, Kadlec K E, et al. Differential effects of viqualine on alcohol intake and other consummatory behaviors. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1989; 46: 301–309
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naranjo C A, Sellers E M, Sullivan J T, et al. The serotonin uptake inhibitor citalopram attenuates ethanol intake. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1987; 41: 266–274
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charney D S, Riordan C E, Kleber H D, et al. Clonidine and naltrexone: a safe, effective and rapid treatment of abrupt withdrawal from methadone therapy. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1982; 39: 1327–1332
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gold M S, Redmond D E, Kleber H D. Clonidine for opiate withdrawal. Lancet 1978; 1: 929–930
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kleber H D, Topazian M, Gaspari J, et al. Clonidine and naltrexone in the outpatient treatment of heroin withdrawal. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 1987; 13: 1–18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vining E, Kosten T R, Kleber H D. Clinical utility of rapid clonidine‐naltrexone detoxification for opioid abusers. Br J Addict 1988; 83: 567–575
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kleber H D, Riordan C E, Rounsaville B J, et al. Clonidine in outpatient detoxification from methadone maintenance. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1985; 42: 391–398
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kosten T R, Kleber H D. Buprenorphine detoxification from opioid dependence: a pilot study. Life Sci 1988; 42: 635–641
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis J W. Buprenorphine. Drug Alcohol Depend 1985; 14: 363–372
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kosten T R, Krystal J H, Morgan C H, et al. Rapid detoxification using buprenorphine and naloxone (letter). Am J Psychiatry 1989b; 146: 1349
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi J M, O'Connor P G, Constantino J A, et al. Three methods of ambulatory opiate detoxification: preliminary results of a randomized clinical trial. NIDA Research Monograph #132 (NIH Publ No 93–3505), U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 1993; 309
   Google Scholar
• Blaine J D, Thomas D B, Barnett G, . Levo‐alpha‐acetylmethadol (LAAM): clinical utility and pharmaceutical development. Substance Abuse. ‐ Clinical Problems and Perspectives, J H Lowinson, P Ruiz, et al. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MD 1981; 360–388
   Google Scholar
• Ling W, Charuvastra V C, Kain S C, et al. Methadyl acetate and methadone as maintenance treatment for heroin addicts. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1976; 33: 709–712
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jasinski D R, Pevnick J S, Griffith J D. Human pharmacology and abuse potential of the analgesic buprenorphine. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1978; 35: 510–516
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson R E, Fudala P J, Jaffe J H. A controlled trial of buprenorphine for opioid dependence. JAMA 1992; 267: 2750–2755
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kosten T R, Schottenfeid R S, Ziedonis D, et al. Buprenorphine vs. methadone maintenance for opioid dependence. J Nerv Ment Dis 1993; 181: 358–364
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bickel W K, Stitzer M L, Bigelow G E, et al. Buprenorphine: dose‐related blockade of opioid challenge effects in opioid‐dependent humans. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1989; 247: 47–53
   Google Scholar
• Schottenfeid R S, Pakes J, Ziedonis D M, et al. Buprenorphine: dose‐related effects on cocaine and opiate use in cocaine‐abusing, opioid‐dependent humans. Biol Psychiatry 1993; 34: 66–74
   Google Scholar
• Quigley A J, Bredemeyer D E, Seow S S. A case of buprenorphine abuse. Med J Aust 1984; 142: 425–426
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tennant F S, Sagherian A A. Double‐blind comparison of amantadine and bromocriptine for ambulatory withdrawal from cocaine dependence. Arch Intern Med 1987; 147: 109–112
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan C H, Kosten T R, Gawin F H, et al. A pilot trial of amantadine for cocaine abuse. NIDA Res MonogrSer 1988; 81: 81–85
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Weddington W W, Brown B S, Haertzen C A, et al. Comparison of amantadine and desipramine combined with psychotherapy for treatment of cocaine dependence. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 1991; 17: 137–152
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dackis C A, Gold M S, Sweeney D R, et al. Single‐dose bromocriptine reverses cocaine craving. Psychiatry Res 1987; 20: 261–264
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giannini A J, Baumgartel P. Bromocriptine in cocaine withdrawal. J Clin Pharmacol 1987; 27: 267–270
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kosten T R, Morgan C M, Falcioni J, et al. Pharmacotherapy for cocaine‐abusing, methadone‐matn‐tained patients using amantadine or desipramine. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1992a; 49: 894–399
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khantzian E J, Gawin F, Kleber H D, et al. Methyl‐. phenidate (Ritalin) treatment of cocaine dependence: a preliminary report. J Subst Abuse Treat 1984; 1: 107–112
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Diakogiannis I A, Steinberg M, Kosten T R. Mazindol treatment of cocaine abuse: a double‐blind investigation. NIDA Res Monogr Ser, 1990; 105: 514
   Google Scholar
• Margolin A, Kosten T, Petrakis I, et al. Bupropion reduces cocaine abuse in methadone‐maintained patients (letter). Arch Gen Psychiatry 1991; 48: 87
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gawin F H, Allen D, Humblestone B. Outpatient treatment of “crack” cocaine smoking with flu‐penthixol decanoate. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1989a; 46: 322–325
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gawin F H, Kleber H D, Byck R, et al. Desipramine facilitation of initial cocaine abstinence. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1989b; 46: 117–121
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levin F R, Lehman A F. Meta‐analysis of desipramine as an adjunct in the treatment of cocaine addiction. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1991; 11: 374–378
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kosten T R, Silverman D G, Fleming J, et al. Intravenous cocaine challenges during naltrexone maintenance: a preliminary study. Biol Psychiatry 1992b; 32: 543–548
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arndt I O, Dorozynsky L, Woody G E, et al. Desipramine treatment of cocaine dependence in methadone‐maintained patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1992; 49: 888–893
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiss R D. Relapse to cocaine abuse after initiating desipramine treatment. JAMA 1988; 260: 2545–2546
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pollack M H, Rosenbaum J F. Fluoxetine treatment of cocaine abuse in heroin addicts. J Clin Psychiatry 1991; 52: 31–33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Batki S L, Manfredi L B, Jacob P I I I, et al. Fluoxetine for cocaine dependence in merhadone‐mainte‐nance: quantitative plasma and urine cocaine/ benzoylecognine concentration. J Clin Psycho‐pharm 1993; 13: 243–250
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kosten T A, Kosten T R, Gawin F H, et al. An open trial of sertraline for cocaine abuse. American Journal on Addiction 1992; 1: 349–353
   Google Scholar
• Jenkins S W, Warfield N A, Blaine J D, et al. A pilot trial of gepirone vs. placebo in the treatment of cocaine dependency. Psychopharm Bull 1992; 28: 21–26
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carroll K, Ziedonis D, O'Malley S, et al. Pharmacologic interventions for abusers of alcohol and cocaine: disulfiram vs. naltrexone. American Journal on Addiction 1993; 2: 77–79
   Google Scholar
• Halikas J, Kemp K, Kuhn K, et al. Carbamazepine for cocaine addiction?. Lancet 1989; 1: 623–624
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hatsukami D, Keenan R, Halikas J, et al. Effects of carbamazepine on acute responses to smoked cocaine‐base in human cocaine users. Psycho‐pharmacol 1991; 104: 120–124
   Google Scholar
• Gorelick D A, Weinhold U, Henningfield J E. Carbamazepine (CBZ) does not alter cocaine self‐administration in human cocaine addicts (abstract). Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence Annual Scientific Meeting. 1993
   Google Scholar
• Kosten T R, Kleber H D, Morgan C H. Treatment of cocaine abuse using buprenorphine. Biol Psychiatry 1989a; 26: 637–639
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fudala P J, Johnson R E, Jaffe J H. Outpatient comparison of buprenorphine and methadone maintenance, II: effects on cocaine usage, retention time in study, and missed clinic visits. Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, 1990, L S Harris. NIDA Research Monograph 105, DHHS Pub. No. (ADM)91–1753, Supt. of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 1991; 587–588
   Google Scholar
• Oliveto A H, Kosten T R, Schottenfeld R, et al. A comparison of cocaine use in buprenorphine‐and methadone‐maintained cocaine users. American Journal on Addiction 1994; 3: 43–48
   Google Scholar
• Ziedonis D M, Kosten T R. Depression as a prognostic factor for pharmacological treatment of cocaine dependence. Psychopharmacol Bull 1991; 27: 337–343
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar