The Role of Anonymity in Determining the Self-Reported Use of Cocaine and Nonmedical Prescription Stimulant Use Among College Students

References

• Arria, A. M., & DuPont, R. L. (2010). Nonmedical prescription stimulant use among college students: Why we need to do something and what we need to do. Journal of Addictive Diseases, 29, 417–426.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dietz, P., Striegel, H., Franke, A. G., Lieb, K., Simon, P., & Ulrich, R. (2013). Randomized response estimates for the 12-month prevalence of cognitive-enhancing drug use in university students. Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy, 33(1), 44–50.
   Google Scholar
• Desantis, A., & Hane, A. (2010). “Adderall is definitely not a drug”: Justifications for the illegal use of ADHD stimulants. Substance Use & Misuse, 45, 31–46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunn, M., Degenhardt, L., & Bruno, R. (2010). Transition to and from injecting drug use among regular ecstasy users. Addictive Behaviors, 35, 909–912.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durant, L., Carey, M., & Schroder, K. (2002). Effects of anonymity, gender, and erotophilia on the quality of data obtained from self-reports of socially sensitive behaviors. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 25, 438–467.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franke, A. G., Lieb, K., & Hildt, E. (2012). What users think about the differences between caffeine and illicit/prescription stimulants for cognitive enhancement. PloS one, 7(6), e40047.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heil, S. H., Holmes, H. W., Bickel, W. K., Higgins, S. T., Badger, G. J., Laws, H. F., & Faries, D. E. (2002). Comparison of the subjective, physiological, and psychomotor effects of atomoxetine and methylphenidate in light drug users. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 67, 149–156.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffman, B. B., & Lefkowitz, R. J. (1996). Catecholamines, sympathomimetic drugs, and adrenergic receptor antagonists. In J. G. Hardman, L. E. Limbard, P. B. Molinoff, R. W. Ruddon, & A. G. Gilman (Eds.), Goodman's and Gilman's: The pharmacological basis of therapeutics (9th ed., pp. 199–248). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
   Google Scholar
• Johnston, L. D., O'Malley, P. M., Bachman, J. G., & Schulenberg, J. E. (2013). Monitoring the Future national survey results on drug use, 1975–2012: Volume II, College Students and Adults. Age, 19–50. Ann Arbor: Institute for Social Research, The University of Michigan.
   Google Scholar
• Johnston, L. D., O'Malley, P. M., Bachman, J. G., Schulenberg, J. E. & Miech, R. A. (2014). Monitoring the Future national survey results on drug use, 1975–2013: Volume II, College Students and Adults. Age, 19–55. Ann Arbor: Institute for Social Research, The University of Michigan.
   Google Scholar
• Kendell, R. E., & Brockington, I. F. (1980). The identification of disease entities and the relationship between schizophrenia and affective psychoses. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 137, 324–331.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LaBrie, J. W., & Earleywine, M. (2000). Sexual risk behaviors and alcohol: Higher base rates revealed using the unmatched count technique. Journal of Sex Research, 37(4), 321–326.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LaBrie, J., Earleywine, M., Lamb, T., & Shelesky, K. (2006). Comparing electronic-keypad responses to paper-and-pencil questionnaires in group assessments of alcohol consumption and related attitudes. Addictive Behaviors, 31, 2334–2338.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LaBrie, J. W., Hummer, J. F., Neighbors, C., & Pedersen, E. R. (2008). Live interactive group-specific normative feedback reduces misperceptions and drinking in college students: A randomized cluster trial. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 22, 141–148.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lavender, J. M. & Anderson, D. A. (2009). Effect of perceived anonymity in assessments of eating disordered behaviors and attitudes. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 42, 546–551.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Looby, A., Kassman, K. T., & Earleywine, M. (2014). Do attitudes toward prescription stimulants and cocaine vary as a function of user type? Addictive Behaviors, 39(6), 1100–1105.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Low, K. G., & Gendaszek, A. E. (2002). Illicit use of psychostimulants among college students: A preliminary study. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 7(3), 283–287.
   Google Scholar
• McCabe, S. E., West, B. T., Teter, C. J., & Boyd, C. J. (2014). Trends in medical use, diversion, and nonmedical use of prescription medications among college students from 2003 to 2013: Connecting the dots. Addictive Behaviors, 39, 1179–1182.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nutt, D., King, L. A., Saulsbury, W., & Blakemore, C. (2007). Development of a rational scale to assess the harm of drugs of potential misuse. The Lancet, 369, 1047–1053.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palamar, J. J. (2012). A pilot study examining perceived rejection and secrecy in relation to illicit drug use and associated stigma. Drug and Alcohol Review, 31(4), 573–579.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palamar, J. J. (2014). Predictors of disapproval toward “hard drug” use among high school seniors in the US. Prevention Science, 15(5), 725–735.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palamar, J. J., Davies, S., Ompad, D. C., Cleland, C. M., & Weitzman, M. (2015). Powder cocaine and crack use in the United States: An examination of risk for arrest and socioeconomic disparities in use. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 149, 108–116.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palamar, J. J., Kiang, M. V., & Halkitis, P. N. (2011). Development and psychometric evaluation of scales that assess stigma associated with illicit drug users. Substance Use & Misuse, 46(12), 1457–1467.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ritz, M. C., Lamb, R. J., Goldberg, S. R. & Kuhar, M. J. (1987). Cocaine receptors on dopamine transporters are related to self-administration of cocaine. Science, 237, 1219–1223.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rush, C. R., & Baker, R. W. (2001). Behavioral pharmacological similarities between methylphenidate and cocaine in cocaine abusers. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 9, 59–73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, M. E., & Farah, M. J. (2011). Are prescription stimulants “smart pills”? The epidemiology and cognitive neuroscience of prescription stimulant use by normal healthy individuals. Psychological Bulletin, 137, 717–741.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2009). Results from the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National findings (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Publication No. SMA 09–4434). Rockville, MD: Author. Retrieved from www.oas.samhsa.gov/nsduh/2k8nsduh/2k8Results.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2014). Results from the 2013 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Summary of National Findings (NSDUH Series H-48, HHS Publication No. (SMA) 14—4863). Rockville, MD: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Sussman, S., Pentz, M. A., Spruijt-Metz, D., & Miller, T. (2006). Misues of “study drugs”: Prevalence, consequences, and implications for policy. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, 1, 1–7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teter, C. J., McCabe, S. E., LaGrange, K., Cranford, J. A., & Boyd, C. J. (2006). Illicit use of specific prescription stimulants among college students: Prevalence, motives, and routes of administration. Pharmacotherapy, 26, 1501–1510.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner, C. F., Ku, L., Rogers, S. M., Lindberg, L. D., Pleck, J. H., & Sonenstein, F. L. (1998). Adolescent sexual behavior, drug use, and violence: Increased reporting with computer survey technology. Science, 280(5365), 867–873.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yates, D., Moore, D, & McCabe, G. (1999). The practice of statistics. New York, NY: W.H. Freeman.
   Google Scholar