Effect of play activities on hospitalized children's stress: a randomized clinical trial

References

• Kazak AE, Kassam-Adams N, Schneider S, Zelikovsky S, Alderfer MA, Rourke M. An integrative model of pediatric medical traumatic stress. J Pediatr Psychol 2006;31:343-55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shields L. A review of the literature from developed and developing countries relating to the effects of hospitalization on children and parents. Int Nurs Rev 2001;48:29-37.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rosmalen JGM, Oldehinkela A, Ormela J, de Wintera AF, Buitelaarc JK, Verhulstd FC. Determinants of salivary cortisol levels in 10–12 year old children:A population-based study of individual differences. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2005;30:483-95.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jankord R, Herman JP. Limbic regulation of hypothalamo-pituitaryadrenocortical function during acute and chronic stress. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2008;1148:64-73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soares JAA, Alves MPG. Cortisol as a variable in health psychology. Psicol Saúde e Doenças 2006;7:165-77.
   Google Scholar
• Sapolsky RM, Romero LM, Munck AU. How do glucocorticoids influence stress responses? Integrating permissive, suppressive, stimulatory, and preparative actions. Endocr Rev 2000;21:55-89.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hart R, Rollins J. Therapeutic activities for children and teens coping with health issues. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Kenz-Ebrecht SR, Mohamed-Ali V, Feldman PJ, Kirschbaum C, Steptoe A. Cortisol responses to mild psychological stress are inversely associated with proinflammatory cytokines. Brain Behav Immun 2003;17:373-83.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Allen KE, Marotz LR. Developmental profiles. Albany, NY: Delmar; 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Marion M. Guidance of young children. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall; 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Bolig R, Fernie DE, Klein EL. Unstructured play in hospital settings: An internal locus of control rationale. Children's Health Care 1986;15:101-7.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Burdette HL, Whitaker RC. Resurrecting free play in young children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2005;159:46-50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saunders I, Sayer M, Goodale A. The relationship between playfulness and coping in preschool children: A pilot study. Am J Occup Ther 1999;53:221-6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dahlquist LM, Pendley JS, Londtrip DS, Jones CL, Steuber CP. Distraction intervention for preschoolers undergoing intramuscular injections and subcutaneous port access. Health Psychol 2002;21:94-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chemtob CM, Nakashima JP, Hamada RS. Psychosocial intervention for postdisaster trauma symptoms in elementary school children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2002;156:211-16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pfeffer CR, Jiang H, Kakuma T, Hwang J, Metsch M. Group intervention for children bereaved by the suicide of a relative. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiat 2002;41:505-13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piantadosi S. Clinical trials: A methodologic perspective. 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Interscience; 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Gesell A. The first five years of life. São Paulo; Martins Fontes: 1989.
   Google Scholar
• Gesell A. The child from five to ten. São Paulo; Martins Fontes: 1987.
   Google Scholar
• Lombardi C, Bronfman M, Facchini LA, Victora CG, Barros FF, Béria JU, The operationalization of the concept of social class in epidemiological studies. Rev de Saúde Públ 1988;22:253-65.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kovacs M. Children's depression inventory manual. Toronto: Multi-Health Systems; 1992.
   Google Scholar
• Gouveia VV, Barbosa GA, Almeida HJF, Gaiao AA. Children's depression inventory - CDI: adaptation study with students of João Pessoa. J Bras Psiquiatria 1995;44:313-19.
   Google Scholar
• Dougherty LR, Klein DN, Olino TM, Dyson M, Rose S. Increased waking salivary cortisol and depression risk in preschoolers: The role of maternal history of melancholic depression and early child temperament. Child Psychol Psychiatry 2009;50:1495-503.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernald LCH, Gunnar MR. Poverty-alleviation program participation and salivary cortisol in very low-income children. Soc Sci Med 2009;68:2180-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mason JW, Wang S, Yehuda R, Lubin H, Johnson D, Bremner JD, Marked lability in urinary cortisol levels in subgroups of combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder during an intensive exposure treatment program. Psychosom Med 2002;64:238-46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aldwin CM. Stress, coping and development: An integrative perspective. New York: Guilford Press; 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Coyne I. Children's experiences of hospitalization. J Child Health Care 2006;10:326-36.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• James SR, Nelson KA, Ashwill JW. Nursing care of children. 4th ed. Missouri: Saunders; 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Piaget J. Six psychological studies. New York: Random House; 1967.
   Google Scholar
• Lazarus RS, Folkman S. The concept of coping. In Monat A, Lazarus RS, editors. Stress and coping: An anthology. New York: Columbia University Press; 1991.
   Google Scholar
• Folkman S, Lazarus S. Coping and wmotion. In Stein NL, Leventhal B, Trabasso T, editors. Psychological and biological approaches to emotion. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum; 1990.
   Google Scholar
• Compas BE, Cannon-Smith JK, Saltzman H, Thomsen AH, Wadsworth ME. Coping with stress during childhood and adolescence: Problems, progress, and potential in theory and research. Psychol Bull 2001;27:87-127.
   Google Scholar
• Forsner M, Jansson L, Sørlie V. The experience of being ill as narrated by hospitalized children aged 7–10 years with short-term illness. J Child Health Care 2005;9:153-65.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Small L. Early predictors of poor coping outcomes in children following intensive care hospitalization and stressful medical encounters. Pediatr Nurs 2002;28:393-401.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Azevedo DM, Santos JJS, Justino MAR, Miranda FAN, Simpson CA. Playing as a therapeutic instrument in the view of a health care team. Ciência Cuidado Saúde 2007;6:335-41.
   Google Scholar