964
Views
65
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Commentary

Post-translational modifications of the extracellular matrix are key events in cancer progression: Opportunities for biochemical marker development

, , , , &
Pages 193-205 | Received 11 Nov 2010, Accepted 20 Jan 2011, Published online: 20 Apr 2011

References

  • Ahsan H, Ali A, Ali R. (2003). Oxygen free radicals and systemic autoimmunity. Clin Exp Immunol 131:398–404.
  • Anderson-MacKenzie JM, Quasnichka HL, Starr RL, Lewis EJ, Billingham ME, Bailey AJ. (2005). Fundamental subchondral bone changes in spontaneous knee osteoarthritis. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 37:224–236.
  • Anzilotti C, Pratesi F, Tommasi C, Migliorini P. (2010). Peptidylarginine deiminase 4 and citrullination in health and disease. Autoimmun Rev 9:158–160.
  • Aumailley M, Gayraud B. (1998). Structure and biological activity of the extracellular matrix. J Mol Med 76:253–265.
  • Bailey AJ, Mansell JP. (1997). Do subchondral bone changes exacerbate or precede articular cartilage destruction in osteoarthritis of the elderly? Gerontology 43:296–304.
  • Bissell MJ, Aggeler J. (1987). Dynamic reciprocity: how do extracellular matrix and hormones direct gene expression? Prog Clin Biol Res 249:251–262.
  • Bissell MJ, Radisky D. (2001). Putting tumours in context. Nat Rev Cancer 1:46–54.
  • Blood CH, Zetter BR. (1990). Tumor interactions with the vasculature: angiogenesis and tumor metastasis. Biochim Biophys Acta 1032:89–118.
  • Bone HG. (1992). The future of osteoporosis diagnosis and therapy. Ann Ital Med Int 7:166S–170S.
  • Bosman FT, Stamenkovic I. (2003). Functional structure and composition of the extracellular matrix. J Pathol 200:423–428.
  • Bosques CJ, Raguram S, Sasisekharan R. (2006). The sweet side of biomarker discovery. Nat Biotechnol 24:1100–1101.
  • Brange J, Langkjaer L, Havelund S, Volund A. (1992). Chemical stability of insulin. 1. Hydrolytic degradation during storage of pharmaceutical preparations. Pharm Res 9:715–726.
  • Byrjalsen I, Leeming DJ, Qvist P, Christiansen C, Karsdal MA. (2008). Bone turnover and bone collagen maturation in osteoporosis: effects of antiresorptive therapies. Osteoporos Int 19:339–348.
  • Calkins CC, Sloane BF. (1995). Mammalian cysteine protease inhibitors: biochemical properties and possible roles in tumor progression. Biol Chem Hoppe-Seyler 376:71–80.
  • Camby I, Le Mercier M, Lefranc F, Kiss R. (2006). Galectin-1: a small protein with major functions. Glycobiology 16:137R–157R.
  • Chaiswing L, Oberley TD. (2010). Extracellular/microenvironmental redox state. Antioxid Redox Signal 13:449–465.
  • Chang X, Han J. (2006). Expression of peptidylarginine deiminase type 4 (PAD4) in various tumors. Mol Carcinog 45:183–196.
  • Chang X, Han J, Pang L, Zhao Y, Yang Y, Shen Z. (2009). Increased PADI4 expression in blood and tissues of patients with malignant tumors. BMC Cancer 9:40.
  • Chen JR, Takahashi M, Suzuki M, Kushida K, Miyamoto S, Inoue T. (1998). Pentosidine in synovial fluid in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: relationship with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 25:2440–2444.
  • Choi YG, Lim S. (2009). Characterization of anti-advanced glycation end product antibodies to nonenzymatically lysine-derived and arginine-derived glycated products. J Immunoassay Immunochem 30:386–399.
  • Clarijs R, Ruiter DJ, De Waal RM. (2003). Pathophysiological implications of stroma pattern formation in uveal melanoma. J Cell Physiol 194:267–271.
  • Clark EA, Brugge JS. (1995). Integrins and signal transduction pathways: the road taken. Science 268:233–239.
  • Clark EA, King WG, Brugge JS, Symons M, Hynes RO. (1998). Integrin-mediated signals regulated by members of the rho family of GTPases. J Cell Biol 142:573–586.
  • Cloos PA, Christgau S. (2002). Non-enzymatic covalent modifications of proteins: mechanisms, physiological consequences and clinical applications. Matrix Biol 21:39–52.
  • Cloos PA, Christgau S. (2004). Post-translational modifications of proteins: implications for aging, antigen recognition, and autoimmunity. Biogerontology 5:139–158.
  • Cloos PA, Fledelius C. (2000). Collagen fragments in urine derived from bone resorption are highly racemized and isomerized: a biological clock of protein aging with clinical potential. Biochem J 345 Pt 3:473–480.
  • Cloos PA, Jensen AL. (2000). Age-related de-phosphorylation of proteins in dentin: a biological tool for assessment of protein age. Biogerontology 1:341–356.
  • Cloos PA, Lyubimova N, Solberg H, Qvist P, Christiansen C, Byrjalsen I, Christgau S. (2004). An immunoassay for measuring fragments of newly synthesized collagen type I produced during metastatic invasion of bone. Clin Lab 50:279–289.
  • Colell A, Green DR, Ricci JE. (2009). Novel roles for GAPDH in cell death and carcinogenesis. Cell Death Differ 16:1573–1581.
  • Condeelis J, Pollard JW. (2006). Macrophages: obligate partners for tumor cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. Cell 124:263–266.
  • DeGroot J, Verzijl N, Wenting-Van Wijk MJ, Bank RA, Lafeber FP, Bijlsma JW, TeKoppele JM. (2001). Age-related decrease in susceptibility of human articular cartilage to matrix metalloproteinase-mediated degradation: the role of advanced glycation end products. Arthritis Rheum 44:2562–2571.
  • DeNicola GM, Tuveson DA. (2009). RAS in cellular transformation and senescence. Eur J Cancer 45 Suppl 1:211–216.
  • Dieppe P. (1999). Subchondral bone should be the main target for the treatment of pain and disease progression in osteoarthritis. Osteoarthr Cartil 7:325–326.
  • Dolberg DS, Bissell MJ. (1984). Inability of Rous sarcoma virus to cause sarcomas in the avian embryo. Nature 309:552–556.
  • Duffy MJ. (1996). The biochemistry of metastasis. Adv Clin Chem 32:135–166.
  • Egeblad M, Werb Z. (2002). New functions for the matrix metalloproteinases in cancer progression. Nat Rev Cancer 2:161–174.
  • Erler JT, Bennewith KL, Nicolau M, Dornhöfer N, Kong C, Le QT, Chi JT, Jeffrey SS, Giaccia AJ. (2006). Lysyl oxidase is essential for hypoxia-induced metastasis. Nature 440:1222–1226.
  • Erler JT, Weaver VM. (2009). Three-dimensional context regulation of metastasis. Clin Exp Metastasis 26:35–49.
  • Faux SP, Tai T, Thorne D, Xu Y, Breheny D, Gaca M. (2009). The role of oxidative stress in the biological responses of lung epithelial cells to cigarette smoke. Biomarkers 14 Suppl 1:90–96.
  • Felson DT, Neogi T. (2004). Osteoarthritis: is it a disease of cartilage or of bone? Arthritis Rheum 50:341–344.
  • Fledelius C, Johnsen AH, Cloos PA, Bonde M, Qvist P. (1997). Characterization of urinary degradation products derived from type I collagen. Identification of a beta-isomerized Asp-Gly sequence within the C-terminal telopeptide (alpha1) region. J Biol Chem 272:9755–9763.
  • Freije JM, Díez-Itza I, Balbín M, Sánchez LM, Blasco R, Tolivia J, López-Otín C. (1994). Molecular cloning and expression of collagenase-3, a novel human matrix metalloproteinase produced by breast carcinomas. J Biol Chem 269:16766–16773.
  • Gallagher WM, Currid CA, Whelan LC. (2005). Fibulins and cancer: friend or foe? Trends Mol Med 11:336–340.
  • Garnero P, Buchs N, Zekri J, Rizzoli R, Coleman RE, Delmas PD. (2000). Markers of bone turnover for the management of patients with bone metastases from prostate cancer. Br J Cancer 82:858–864.
  • Garnero P, Ferreras M, Karsdal MA, NicAmhlaoibh R, Risteli J, Borel O, Qvist P, Delmas PD, Foged NT, Delaisse JM. (2003). The type I collagen fragments ICTP and CTX reveal distinct enzymatic pathways of bone collagen degradation. J Bone Miner Res 18:859–867.
  • Griffiths HR. (2008). Is the generation of neo-antigenic determinants by free radicals central to the development of autoimmune rheumatoid disease? Autoimmun Rev 7:544–549.
  • György B, Tóth E, Tarcsa E, Falus A, Buzás EI. (2006). Citrullination: a posttranslational modification in health and disease. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 38:1662–1677.
  • Haass NK, Smalley KS, Herlyn M. (2004). The role of altered cell-cell communication in melanoma progression. J Mol Histol 35:309–318.
  • Hanash SM, Pitteri SJ, Faca VM. (2008). Mining the plasma proteome for cancer biomarkers. Nature 452:571–579.
  • Hynes RO. (2002). Integrins: bidirectional, allosteric signaling machines. Cell 110:673–687.
  • Hynes RO. (2003). Structural biology. Changing partners. Science 300:755–756.
  • Hynes RO. (2004). The emergence of integrins: a personal and historical perspective. Matrix Biol 23:333–340.
  • Hynes RO. (2007). Cell-matrix adhesion in vascular development. J Thromb Haemost 5 Suppl 1:32–40.
  • Hynes RO. (2009). The extracellular matrix: not just pretty fibrils. Science 326:1216–1219.
  • Illman SA, Lehti K, Keski-Oja J, Lohi J. (2006). Epilysin (MMP-28) induces TGF-beta mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition in lung carcinoma cells. J Cell Sci 119:3856–3865.
  • Ingber DE. (2008). Can cancer be reversed by engineering the tumor microenvironment? Semin Cancer Biol 18:356–364.
  • Ingman WV, Wyckoff J, Gouon-Evans V, Condeelis J, Pollard JW. (2006). Macrophages promote collagen fibrillogenesis around terminal end buds of the developing mammary gland. Dev Dyn 235:3222–3229.
  • Jedeszko C, Sloane BF. (2004). Cysteine cathepsins in human cancer. Biol Chem 385:1017–1027.
  • Johansen JS. (2006). Studies on serum YKL-40 as a biomarker in diseases with inflammation, tissue remodelling, fibroses and cancer. Dan Med Bull 53:172–209.
  • Johnson BA, Aswad DW. (1990). Fragmentation of isoaspartyl peptides and proteins by carboxypeptidase Y: release of isoaspartyl dipeptides as a result of internal and external cleavage. Biochemistry 29:4373–4380.
  • Jones LE, Humphreys MJ, Campbell F, Neoptolemos JP, Boyd MT. (2004). Comprehensive analysis of matrix metalloproteinase and tissue inhibitor expression in pancreatic cancer: increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase-7 predicts poor survival. Clin Cancer Res 10:2832–2845.
  • Jussila T, Kauppila S, Bode M, Tapanainen J, Risteli J, Risteli L, Kauppila A, Stenbäck F. (2004). Synthesis and maturation of type I and type III collagens in endometrial adenocarcinoma. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 115:66–74.
  • Karsdal MA, Byrjalsen I, Leeming DJ, Delmas PD, Christiansen C. (2008a). The effects of oral calcitonin on bone collagen maturation: implications for bone turnover and quality. Osteoporos Int 19:1355–1361.
  • Karsdal MA, Henriksen K, Leeming DJ, Mitchell P, Duffin K, Barascuk N, Klickstein L, Aggarwal P, Nemirovskiy O, Byrjalsen I, Qvist P, Bay-Jensen AC, Dam EB, Madsen SH, Christiansen C. (2009). Biochemical markers and the FDA Critical Path: how biomarkers may contribute to the understanding of pathophysiology and provide unique and necessary tools for drug development. Biomarkers 14:181–202.
  • Karsdal MA, Henriksen K, Leeming DJ, Woodworth T, Vassiliadis E, Bay-Jensen AC. (2010). Novel combinations of Post-Translational Modification (PTM) neo-epitopes provide tissue-specific biochemical markers–are they the cause or the consequence of the disease? Clin Biochem 43:793–804.
  • Karsdal MA, Larsen L, Engsig MT, Lou H, Ferreras M, Lochter A, Delaissé JM, Foged NT. (2002). Matrix metalloproteinase-dependent activation of latent transforming growth factor-beta controls the conversion of osteoblasts into osteocytes by blocking osteoblast apoptosis. J Biol Chem 277:44061–44067.
  • Karsdal MA, Leeming DJ, Dam EB, Henriksen K, Alexandersen P, Pastoureau P, Altman RD, Christiansen C. (2008b). Should subchondral bone turnover be targeted when treating osteoarthritis? Osteoarthr Cartil 16:638–646.
  • Karsdal MA, Madsen SH, Christiansen C, Henriksen K, Fosang AJ, Sondergaard BC. (2008c). Cartilage degradation is fully reversible in the presence of aggrecanase but not matrix metalloproteinase activity. Arthritis Res Ther 10:R63.
  • Karsdal MA, Sumer EU, Wulf H, Madsen SH, Christiansen C, Fosang AJ, Sondergaard BC. (2007). Induction of increased cAMP levels in articular chondrocytes blocks matrix metalloproteinase-mediated cartilage degradation, but not aggrecanase-mediated cartilage degradation. Arthritis Rheum 56:1549–1558.
  • Kaspar M, Zardi L, Neri D. (2006). Fibronectin as target for tumor therapy. Int J Cancer 118:1331–1339.
  • Kass L, Erler JT, Dembo M, Weaver VM. (2007). Mammary epithelial cell: influence of extracellular matrix composition and organization during development and tumorigenesis. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 39:1987–1994.
  • Katayama A, Bandoh N, Kishibe K, Takahara M, Ogino T, Nonaka S, Harabuchi Y. (2004). Expressions of matrix metalloproteinases in early-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma as predictive indicators for tumor metastases and prognosis. Clin Cancer Res 10:634–640.
  • Kerkelä E, Saarialho-Kere U. (2003). Matrix metalloproteinases in tumor progression: focus on basal and squamous cell skin cancer. Exp Dermatol 12:109–125.
  • Kobayashi H, Schmitt M, Goretzki L, Chucholowski N, Calvete J, Kramer M, Günzler WA, Jänicke F, Graeff H. (1991). Cathepsin B efficiently activates the soluble and the tumor cell receptor-bound form of the proenzyme urokinase-type plasminogen activator (Pro-uPA). J Biol Chem 266:5147–5152.
  • Kowluru RA, Atasi L, Ho YS. (2006). Role of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase in the development of diabetic retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 47:1594–1599.
  • Kozaci LD, Buttle DJ, Hollander AP. (1997). Degradation of type II collagen, but not proteoglycan, correlates with matrix metalloproteinase activity in cartilage explant cultures. Arthritis Rheum 40:164–174.
  • Kralev S, Zimmerer E, Brueckmann M, Lang S, Kälsch T, Rippert A, Lin J, Borggrefe M, Hammes HP, Süselbeck T. (2009). Elevation of the glycoxidation product N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine in patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction. Clin Chem Lab Med 47:446–451.
  • Krueger KE, Srivastava S. (2006). Posttranslational protein modifications: current implications for cancer detection, prevention, and therapeutics. Mol Cell Proteomics 5:1799–1810.
  • Kurien BT, Scofield RH. (2006). Lipid peroxidation in systemic lupus erythematosus. Indian J Exp Biol 44:349–356.
  • Lapolla A, Traldi P, Fedele D. (2005). Importance of measuring products of non-enzymatic glycation of proteins. Clin Biochem 38:103–115.
  • Leeming DJ, Alexandersen P, Karsdal MA, Qvist P, Schaller S, Tankó LB. (2006a). An update on biomarkers of bone turnover and their utility in biomedical research and clinical practice. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 62:781–792.
  • Leeming DJ, Delling G, Koizumi M, Henriksen K, Karsdal MA, Li B, Qvist P, Tankó LB, Byrjalsen I. (2006b). Alpha CTX as a biomarker of skeletal invasion of breast cancer: immunolocalization and the load dependency of urinary excretion. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 15:1392–1395.
  • Leeming DJ, Hegele A, Byrjalsen I, Hofmann R, Qvist P, Karsdal MA, Schrader AJ, Wagner R, Olbert P. (2008). Biochemical markers for monitoring response to therapy: evidence for higher bone specificity by a novel marker compared with routine markers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 17:1269–1276.
  • Leeming DJ, Henriksen K, Byrjalsen I, Qvist P, Madsen SH, Garnero P, Karsdal MA. (2009). Is bone quality associated with collagen age? Osteoporos Int 20:1461–1470.
  • Leeming DJ, Koizumi M, Byrjalsen I, Li B, Qvist P, Tankó LB. (2006c). The relative use of eight collagenous and noncollagenous markers for diagnosis of skeletal metastases in breast, prostate, or lung cancer patients. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 15:32–38.
  • Levental KR, Yu H, Kass L, Lakins JN, Egeblad M, Erler JT, Fong SF, Csiszar K, Giaccia A, Weninger W, Yamauchi M, Gasser DL, Weaver VM. (2009). Matrix crosslinking forces tumor progression by enhancing integrin signaling. Cell 139:891–906.
  • Li Z, Yasuda Y, Li W, Bogyo M, Katz N, Gordon RE, Fields GB, Bromme D. (2004). Regulation of collagenase activities of human cathepsins by glycosaminoglycans. J Biol Chem 279:5470–5479.
  • Liu D, Nakano J, Ishikawa S, Yokomise H, Ueno M, Kadota K, Urushihara M, Huang CL. (2007). Overexpression of matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) correlates with tumor proliferation, and a poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 58:384–391.
  • Lochter A, Bissell MJ. (1999). An odyssey from breast to bone: multi-step control of mammary metastases and osteolysis by matrix metalloproteinases. Apmis 107:128–136.
  • Lochter A, Galosy S, Muschler J, Freedman N, Werb Z, Bissell MJ. (1997). Matrix metalloproteinase stromelysin-1 triggers a cascade of molecular alterations that leads to stable epithelial-to-mesenchymal conversion and a premalignant phenotype in mammary epithelial cells. J Cell Biol 139:1861–1872.
  • Lü JM, Lin PH, Yao Q, Chen C. (2010). Chemical and molecular mechanisms of antioxidants: experimental approaches and model systems. J Cell Mol Med 14:840–860.
  • Mamula MJ, Gee RJ, Elliott JI, Sette A, Southwood S, Jones PJ, Blier PR. (1999). Isoaspartyl post-translational modification triggers autoimmune responses to self-proteins. J Biol Chem 274:22321–22327.
  • Marx J (2004). Cancer research. Inflammation and cancer: the link grows stronger. Science 306:966–968.
  • Mintz B, Illmensee K. (1975). Normal genetically mosaic mice produced from malignant teratocarcinoma cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 72:3585–3589.
  • Miyata T, Ishiguro N, Yasuda Y, Ito T, Nangaku M, Iwata H, Kurokawa K. (1998). Increased pentosidine, an advanced glycation end product, in plasma and synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and its relation with inflammatory markers. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 244:45–49.
  • Mohamed MM, Sloane BF. (2006). Cysteine cathepsins: multifunctional enzymes in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 6:764–775.
  • Mook OR, Frederiks WM, Van Noorden CJ. (2004). The role of gelatinases in colorectal cancer progression and metastasis. Biochim Biophys Acta 1705:69–89.
  • Morgia G, Falsaperla M, Malaponte G, Madonia M, Indelicato M, Travali S, Mazzarino MC. (2005). Matrix metalloproteinases as diagnostic (MMP-13) and prognostic (MMP-2, MMP-9) markers of prostate cancer. Urol Res 33:44–50.
  • Muller D, Breathnach R, Engelmann A, Millon R, Bronner G, Flesch H, Dumont P, Eber M, Abecassis J. (1991). Expression of collagenase-related metalloproteinase genes in human lung or head and neck tumours. Int J Cancer 48:550–556.
  • Newell KJ, Witty JP, Rodgers WH, Matrisian LM. (1994). Expression and localization of matrix-degrading metalloproteinases during colorectal tumorigenesis. Mol Carcinog 10:199–206.
  • O’Brien LE, Jou TS, Pollack AL, Zhang Q, Hansen SH, Yurchenco P, Mostov KE. (2001). Rac1 orientates epithelial apical polarity through effects on basolateral laminin assembly. Nat Cell Biol 3:831–838.
  • Oestergaard S, Chouinard L, Doyle N, Karsdal MA, Smith SY, Qvist P, Tankó LB. (2006). The utility of measuring C-terminal telopeptides of collagen type II (CTX-II) in serum and synovial fluid samples for estimation of articular cartilage status in experimental models of destructive joint diseases. Osteoarthr Cartil 14:670–679.
  • Orlichenko LS, Radisky DC. (2008). Matrix metalloproteinases stimulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition during tumor development. Clin Exp Metastasis 25:593–600.
  • Overall CM, López-Otín C. (2002). Strategies for MMP inhibition in cancer: innovations for the post-trial era. Nat Rev Cancer 2:657–672.
  • Parikka V, Väänänen A, Risteli J, Salo T, Sorsa T, Väänänen HK, Lehenkari P. (2005). Human mesenchymal stem cell derived osteoblasts degrade organic bone matrix in vitro by matrix metalloproteinases. Matrix Biol 24:438–447.
  • Paszek MJ, Zahir N, Johnson KR, Lakins JN, Rozenberg GI, Gefen A, Reinhart-King CA, Margulies SS, Dembo M, Boettiger D, Hammer DA, Weaver VM. (2005). Tensional homeostasis and the malignant phenotype. Cancer Cell 8:241–254.
  • Pedersen JA, Lichter S, Swartz MA. (2010). Cells in 3D matrices under interstitial flow: effects of extracellular matrix alignment on cell shear stress and drag forces. J Biomech 43:900–905.
  • Pedersen JA, Swartz MA. (2005). Mechanobiology in the third dimension. Ann Biomed Eng 33:1469–1490.
  • Poyton RO, Ball KA, Castello PR. (2009). Mitochondrial generation of free radicals and hypoxic signaling. Trends Endocrinol Metab 20:332–340.
  • Qvist P, Christiansen C, Karsdal MA, Madsen SH, Sondergaard BC, Bay-Jensen AC. (2010). Application of biochemical markers in development of drugs for treatment of osteoarthritis. Biomarkers 15:1–19.
  • Rabinovich GA. (2005). Galectin-1 as a potential cancer target. Br J Cancer 92:1188–1192.
  • Radisky DC, Bissell MJ. (2004). Cancer. Respect thy neighbor! Science 303:775–777.
  • Riehl A, Németh J, Angel P, Hess J. (2009). The receptor RAGE: Bridging inflammation and cancer. Cell Commun Signal 7:12.
  • Rosenquist C, Fledelius C, Christgau S, Pedersen BJ, Bonde M, Qvist P, Christiansen C. (1998). Serum CrossLaps One Step ELISA. First application of monoclonal antibodies for measurement in serum of bone-related degradation products from C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen. Clin Chem 44:2281–2289.
  • Roycik MD, Fang X, Sang QX. (2009). A fresh prospect of extracellular matrix hydrolytic enzymes and their substrates. Curr Pharm Des 15:1295–1308.
  • Ruiter D, Bogenrieder T, Elder D, Herlyn M. (2002). Melanoma-stroma interactions: structural and functional aspects. Lancet Oncol 3:35–43.
  • Santala M, Risteli J, Kauppila A. (2004). Comparison of carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) and CA 125 as predictors of prognosis in ovarian cancer. Anticancer Res 24:1057–1062.
  • Santala M, Simojoki M, Risteli J, Risteli L, Kauppila A. (1999). Type I and III collagen metabolites as predictors of clinical outcome in epithelial ovarian cancer. Clin Cancer Res 5:4091–4096.
  • Saudek DM, Kay J. (2003). Advanced glycation endproducts and osteoarthritis. Curr Rheumatol Rep 5:33–40.
  • Sawyers CL. (2008). The cancer biomarker problem. Nature 452:548–552.
  • Schaller S, Henriksen K, Hoegh-Andersen P, Søndergaard BC, Sumer EU, Tanko LB, Qvist P, Karsdal MA. (2005). In vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo methodological approaches for studying therapeutic targets of osteoporosis and degenerative joint diseases: how biomarkers can assist? Assay Drug Dev Technol 3:553–580.
  • Schetter AJ, Heegaard NH, Harris CC. (2010). Inflammation and cancer: interweaving microRNA, free radical, cytokine and p53 pathways. Carcinogenesis 31:37–49.
  • Schuppan D, Ruehl M, Somasundaram R, Hahn EG. (2001). Matrix as a modulator of hepatic fibrogenesis. Semin Liver Dis 21:351–372.
  • Schwartz AV, Garnero P, Hillier TA, Sellmeyer DE, Strotmeyer ES, Feingold KR, Resnick HE, Tylavsky FA, Black DM, Cummings SR, Harris TB, Bauer DC; Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. (2009). Pentosidine and increased fracture risk in older adults with type 2 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 94:2380–2386.
  • Senolt L, Braun M, Olejárová M, Forejtová S, Gatterová J, Pavelka K. (2005). Increased pentosidine, an advanced glycation end product, in serum and synovial fluid from patients with knee osteoarthritis and its relation with cartilage oligomeric matrix protein. Ann Rheum Dis 64:886–890.
  • Sheikh Z, Ahmad R, Sheikh N, Ali R. (2007). Enhanced recognition of reactive oxygen species damaged human serum albumin by circulating systemic lupus erythematosus autoantibodies. Autoimmunity 40:512–520.
  • Simojoki M, Santala M, Risteli J, Kauppila A. (2001). Carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) in predicting prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 82:110–115.
  • Sjöberg JS, Bulterijs S. (2009). Characteristics, formation, and pathophysiology of glucosepane: a major protein cross-link. Rejuvenation Res 12:137–148.
  • Smith BC, Denu JM. (2009). Chemical mechanisms of histone lysine and arginine modifications. Biochim Biophys Acta 1789:45–57.
  • Somiari SB, Somiari RI, Heckman CM, Olsen CH, Jordan RM, Russell SJ, Shriver CD. (2006). Circulating MMP2 and MMP9 in breast cancer− potential role in classification of patients into low risk, high risk, benign disease and breast cancer categories. Int J Cancer 119:1403–1411.
  • Sondergaard BC, Henriksen K, Wulf H, Oestergaard S, Schurigt U, Bräuer R, Danielsen I, Christiansen C, Qvist P, Karsdal MA. (2006). Relative contribution of matrix metalloprotease and cysteine protease activities to cytokine-stimulated articular cartilage degradation. Osteoarthr Cartil 14:738–748.
  • Spickett CM, Pitt AR, Morrice N, Kolch W. (2006). Proteomic analysis of phosphorylation, oxidation and nitrosylation in signal transduction. Biochim Biophys Acta 1764:1823–1841.
  • Sternlicht MD, Werb Z. (2001). How matrix metalloproteinases regulate cell behavior. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 17:463–516.
  • Strongin AY (2006). Mislocalization and unconventional functions of cellular MMPs in cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 25:87–98.
  • Takahashi M, Suzuki M, Kushida K, Miyamoto S, Inoue T. (1997). Relationship between pentosidine levels in serum and urine and activity in rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Rheumatol 36(6):637–642.
  • Têtu B, Brisson J, Wang CS, Lapointe H, Beaudry G, Blanchette C, Trudel D. (2006). The influence of MMP-14, TIMP-2 and MMP-2 expression on breast cancer prognosis. Breast Cancer Res 8:R28.
  • Tlsty TD, Coussens LM. (2006). Tumor stroma and regulation of cancer development. Annu Rev Pathol 1:119–150.
  • Treweek JB, Dickerson TJ, Janda KD. (2009). Drugs of abuse that mediate advanced glycation end product formation: a chemical link to disease pathology. Acc Chem Res 42:659–669.
  • Van HL, Van AE, Mareel M (2000). Collagen type I: a substrate and a signal for invasion. Prog Mol Subcell Biol 25:105–134.
  • Vlodavsky I, Abboud-Jarrous G, Elkin M, Naggi A, Casu B, Sasisekharan R, Ilan N. (2006). The impact of heparanese and heparin on cancer metastasis and angiogenesis. Pathophysiol Haemost Thromb 35:116–127.
  • Vlodavsky I, Ilan N, Naggi A, Casu B. (2007). Heparanase: structure, biological functions, and inhibition by heparin-derived mimetics of heparan sulfate. Curr Pharm Des 13:2057–2073.
  • Voorter CE, de Haard-Hoekman WA, van den Oetelaar PJ, Bloemendal H, de Jong WW. (1988). Spontaneous peptide bond cleavage in aging alpha-crystallin through a succinimide intermediate. J Biol Chem 263:19020–19023.
  • Weinberg F, Chandel NS. (2009). Mitochondrial metabolism and cancer. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1177:66–73.
  • Winding B, NicAmhlaoibh R, Misander H, Hoegh-Andersen P, Andersen TL, Holst-Hansen C, Heegaard AM, Foged NT, Brunner N, Delaisse JM. (2002). Synthetic matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors inhibit growth of established breast cancer osteolytic lesions and prolong survival in mice. Clin Cancer Res 8:1932–1939.
  • Wolf C, Rouyer N, Lutz Y, Adida C, Loriot M, Bellocq JP, Chambon P, Basset P. (1993). Stromelysin 3 belongs to a subgroup of proteinases expressed in breast carcinoma fibroblastic cells and possibly implicated in tumor progression. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90:1843–1847.
  • Wu CY, Wu MS, Chiang EP, Chen YJ, Chen CJ, Chi NH, Shih YT, Chen GH, Lin JT. (2007). Plasma matrix metalloproteinase-9 level is better than serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 level to predict gastric cancer evolution. Clin Cancer Res 13:2054–2060.
  • Yamamoto M, Yamaguchi T, Yamauchi M, Sugimoto T. (2009). Low serum level of the endogenous secretory receptor for advanced glycation end products (esRAGE) is a risk factor for prevalent vertebral fractures independent of bone mineral density in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 32:2263–2268.
  • Ylisirniö S, Höyhtyä M, Mäkitaro R, Pääakkö P, Risteli J, Kinnula VL, Turpeenniemi-Hujanen T, Jukkola A. (2001). Elevated serum levels of type I collagen degradation marker ICTP and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) 1 are associated with poor prognosis in lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res 7:1633–1637.
  • Ylisirniö S, Sassi ML, Risteli J, Turpeenniemi-Hujanen T, Jukkola A. (1999). Serum type I collagen degradation markers, ICTP and CrossLaps, are factors for poor survival in lung cancer. Anticancer Res 19:5577–5581.
  • Yoshida H, Ishiko O, Sumi T, Matsumoto Y, Ogita S. (2001). Survivin, bcl-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-2 enhance progression of clear cell- and serous-type ovarian carcinomas. Int J Oncol 19:537–542.
  • Yoshida N, Okumura K, Aso Y. (2005). High serum pentosidine concentrations are associated with increased arterial stiffness and thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes. Metab Clin Exp 54:345–350.
  • Young AL, Carter WG, Doyle HA, Mamula MJ, Aswad DW. (2001). Structural integrity of histone H2B in vivo requires the activity of protein L-isoaspartate O-methyltransferase, a putative protein repair enzyme. J Biol Chem 276:37161–37165.
  • Yu AE, Hewitt RE, Connor EW, Stetler-Stevenson WG. (1997). Matrix metalloproteinases. Novel targets for directed cancer therapy. Drugs Aging 11:229–244.
  • Yurchenco PD, Schittny JC. (1990). Molecular architecture of basement membranes. Faseb J 4:1577–1590.
  • Zhu GG, Risteli L, Mäkinen M, Risteli J, Kauppila A, Stenbäck F. (1995). Immunohistochemical study of type I collagen and type I pN-collagen in benign and malignant ovarian neoplasms. Cancer 75:1010–1017.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.