248
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Incidence and risk for neutropenia/agranulocytosis among clozapine users: A retrospective cohort study

, , &
Pages 109-115 | Received 27 May 2009, Accepted 09 Oct 2009, Published online: 29 Dec 2009

References

  • Flanagan RJ, Dunk L. Haematological toxicity of drugs used in psychiatry. Hum Psychopharmacol 2008;23:27–41.
  • Alvir JM, Lieberman JA. Agranulocytosis: incidence and risk factors. J Clin Psychiatry 1994;55(Suppl B):137–8.
  • Copolov DL, Bell WR, Benson WJ, Keks NA, Strazzeri DC, Johnson GF. Clozapine treatment in Australia: a review of haematological monitoring. Med J Aust 1998;168:495–7.
  • Atkin K, Kendall F, Gould D, Freeman H, Liberman J, O’Sullivan D. Neutropenia and agranulocytosis in patients receiving clozapine in the UK and Ireland. Br J Psychiatry 1996;169:483–8.
  • Kang BJ, Cho MJ, Oh JT, Lee Y, Chae BJ, Ko J. Long-term patient monitoring for clozapine-induced agranulocytosis and neutropenia in Korea: when is it safe to discontinue CPMS? Hum Psychopharmacol 2006;21:387–91.
  • Andres E, Maloisel F. Idiosyncratic drug-induced agranulocytosis or acute neutropenia. Curr Opin Hematol 2008;15:15–21.
  • Tohen M, Castillo J, Baldessarini RJ, Zarate C, Kando JC. Blood dyscrasias with carbamazepine and valproate: a pharmacoepidemiological study of 2,228 patients at risk. Am J Psychiatry 1995;152:413–8.
  • World Health Organization. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10). 2nd. Geneva: WHO; 2004.
  • Alvir JM, Lieberman JA, Safferman AZ, Schwimmer JL, Schaaf JA. Clozapine-induced agranulocytosis. Incidence and risk factors in the United States. New Engl J Med 1993;329:162–7.
  • Andersohn F, Konzen C, Garbe E. Systematic review: agranulocytosis induced by nonchemotherapy drugs. Ann Intern Med 2007;146:657–65.
  • Bourin M, Guitton B, Dailly E, Hery P, Jolliet P. A follow-up study of a population of schizophrenic patients treated with clozapine. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2001;25:1481–95.
  • Munro J, O’Sullivan D, Andrews C, Arana A, Mortimer A, Kerwin R. Active monitoring of 12,760 clozapine recipients in the UK and Ireland. Beyond pharmacovigilance. Br J Psychiatry 1999;175:576–80.
  • Imbarlina MJ, Sarkar S, Marwah S, Parepally H, Johnston PR, Brar JS, . Leukopenia in clozapine treated patients may be induced by other drugs: a case series. Eur Psychiatry 2004;19:506–9.
  • Senechal A, Landry P, Deschamps R, Lessard M. Neutropenia in a patient treated with clozapine in combination with other psychotropic drugs. Encephale 2002;28:567–9.
  • Madeb R, Hirschmann S, Kurs R, Turkie A, Modai I. Combined clozapine and valproic acid treatment-induced agranulocytosis. Eur Psychiatry 2002;17:238–9.
  • Pantelis C, Adesanya A. Increased risk of neutropaenia and agranulocytosis with sodium valproate used adjunctively with clozapine. Aust NZ J Psychiatry 2001;35:544–5.
  • Lambertenghi DG. Blood dyscrasias in clozapine-treated patients in Italy. Haematologica 2000;85:233–7.
  • Tantanokij S. Clozapine-induced white blood count disorders in psychiatric patients at Sritunya hospital [dissertation]. Nakhon Pathom: Silpakorn University; 2004.
  • Zhang M, Owen RR, Pope SK, Smith GR. Cost-effectiveness of clozapine monitoring after the first 6 months. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1996;53:954–8.
  • Maskasame S, Krisanaprakornkit T, Khiewyoo J. The incidence of clozapine-induced leukopenia in patients with schizophrenia at Srinagarind Hospital. J Med Assoc Thai 2007;90:2175–80.
  • Udomratn P. Incidence of leukopenia and agranulocytosis in 239 Thai patients treated with clozapine. J Psychiatr Assoc Thai 2000;45:229–36.
  • Adityanjee. Modification of clozapine-induced leukopenia and neutropenia with lithium carbonate. Am J Psychiatry 1995;152:648–9.
  • Blier P, Slater S, Measham T, Koch M, Wiviott G. Lithium and clozapine-induced neutropenia/agranulocytosis. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 1998;13:137–40.
  • Brunoni AR, Kobuti Ferreira LR, Gallucci-Neto J, Elkis H, Vinicius ZM, Velloso ED. Lithium as a treatment of clozapine-induced neutropenia: a case report. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2008;32:2006–7.
  • Esposito D, Hardy P, Corruble E. Lithium treatment of clozapine induced neutropenia. Encephale 2005;31:520.
  • Papetti F, Darcourt G, Giordana JY, Spreux A, Thauby S, Feral F, . Treatment of clozapine-induced granulocytopenia with lithium (two observations). Encephale 2004;30:578–82.
  • Silverstone PH. Prevention of clozapine-induced neutropenia by pretreatment with lithium. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1998;18:86–8.
  • Valevski A, Modai I, Lahav M, Weizman A. Clozapinelithium combined treatment and agranulocytosis. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 1993;8:63–5.
  • Kanaan RA, Kerwin RW. Lithium and clozapine rechallenge: a retrospective case analysis. J Clin Psychiatry 2006;67:756–60.
  • Sporn A, Gogtay N, Ortiz-Aguayo R, Alfaro C, Tossell J, Lenane M, . Clozapine-induced neutropenia in children: management with lithium carbonate. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2003;13:401–4.
  • Caetano D. Adjunctive medication effects may increase risk for neutropenia. Am J Psychiatry 2008;165:1611–2.
  • Imbarlina MJ, Sarkar S, Marwah S, Parepally H, Johnston PR, Brar JS, . Leukopenia in clozapine treated patients may be induced by other drugs: a case series. Eur Psychiatry 2004;19:506–9.
  • Madeb R, Hirschmann S, Kurs R, Turkie A, Modai I. Combined clozapine and valproic acid treatment-induced agranulocytosis. Eur Psychiatry 2002;17:238–9.
  • Pantelis C, Adesanya A. Increased risk of neutropaenia and agranulocytosis with sodium valproate used adjunctively with clozapine. Aust NZ J Psychiatry 2001;35:544–5.
  • Facciola G, Avenoso A, Scordo MG, Madia AG, Ventimiglia A, Perucca E, . Small effects of valproic acid on the plasma concentrations of clozapine and its major metabolites in patients with schizophrenic or affective disorders. Ther Drug Monit 1999;21:341–5.
  • Finley P, Warner D. Potential impact of valproic acid therapy on clozapine disposition. Biol Psychiatry 1994;36:487–8.
  • Longo LP, Salzman C. Valproic acid effects on serum concentrations of clozapine and norclozapine. Am J Psychiatry 1995;152:650.
  • Branik E, Nitschke M. Pericarditis and polyserositis as a side effect of clozapine in an adolescent girl. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2004;14:311–4.
  • Fitzsimons J, Berk M, Lambert T, Bourin M, Dodd S. A review of clozapine safety. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2005;4:731–44.
  • Roh S, Ahn DH, Nam JH, Yang BH, Lee BH, Kim YS. Cardiomyopathy associated with clozapine. Exp Clin Psycho-pharmacol 2006;14:94–8.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.