874
Views
125
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review Article

Genitourinary syndrome of menopause: new terminology for vulvovaginal atrophy from the International Society for the Study of Women's Sexual Health and The North American Menopause Society

References

  • Abrams P, Cardozo L, Fall M, et al. The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: report from the Standardisation Subcommittee of the International Continence Society. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002;187:116–26
  • National Institutes of Health. Impotence. NIH Consensus Statement 1992;10:1–37
  • Lizza EF, Rosen RC. Definition and classification of erectile dysfunction: report of the Nomenclature Committee of the International Society of Impotence Research. Int J Impot Res 1999;11:141–3
  • Castelo-Branco C, Huezo ML, Lagarda JL. Definition and diagnosis of sexuality in the XXI century. Maturitas 2008;60:50–8
  • The North American Menopause Society. Menopause Practice: A Clinician's Guide. 4th edn. Mayfield Heights, OH: NAMS, 2010
  • Bachmann G. Urogenital ageing: an old problem newly recognized. Maturitas 1995;22(Suppl):S1–5
  • Hirshbein LD. Gender, age, and diagnosis: the rise and fall of involutional melancholia in American psychiatry, 1900–1980. Bull Hist Med 2009;83:710–45
  • McCall-Hosenfeld JS, Jaramillo SA, Legault C, et al. Correlates of sexual satisfaction among sexually active postmenopausal women in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. J Gen Intern Med 2008;23:2000–9
  • Schneidewind-Skibbe A, Hayes RD, Koochaki PE, Meyer J, Dennerstein L. The frequency of sexual intercourse reported by women: a review of community-based studies and factors limiting their conclusions. J Sex Med 2008;5:301–35
  • Yen SSC, Jaffe RB, eds. Reproductive Endocrinology, 2nd edn. Philadelphia, PA: W. B. Saunders Co., 1986
  • Tan O, Bradshaw K, Carr BR. Management of vulvovaginal atrophy–related sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women: an up-to-date review. Menopause 2012;19:109–17
  • Nappi RE, Palacios S. Impact of vulvovaginal atrophy on sexual health and quality of life at postmenopause. Climacteric 2014;17:3–9
  • MacBride MB, Rhodes DJ, Shuster LT. Vulvovaginal atrophy. Mayo Clin Proc 2010;85:87–94
  • Kingsberg S, Kellogg S, Krychman M. Treating dyspareunia caused by vaginal atrophy: a review of treatment options using vaginal estrogen therapy. Int J Womens Health 2010;1:105–11
  • Brotman RM1, Shardell MD, Gajer P, et al. Association between the vaginal microbiota, menopause status, and signs of vulvovaginal atrophy. Menopause 2014;21:450–8
  • Hummelen R, Macklaim JM, Bisanz JE, et al. Vaginal microbiome and epithelial gene array in post-menopausal women with moderate to severe dryness. PLoS ONE 2011;6:e26602
  • Management of symptomatic vulvovaginal atrophy: 2013 position statement of The North American Menopause Society. Menopause 2013;20:888–902
  • Parish SJ, Nappi RE, Krychman ML, et al. Impact of vulvovaginal health on postmenopausal women: a review of surveys on symptoms of vulvovaginal atrophy. Int J Womens Health 2013;5:437–47
  • Winneker RC, Harris HA. Progress and prospects in treating postmenopausal vaginal atrophy. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2011;89:129–32
  • Dennerstein L, Dudley EC, Hopper JL, Guthrie JR, Burger HG. A prospective population-based study of menopausal symptoms. Obstet Gynecol 2000;96:351–8
  • Santoro N, Komi J. Prevalence and impact of vaginal symptoms among postmenopausal women. J Sex Med 2009;6:2133–42
  • Nappi RE, Kokot-Kierepa M. Vaginal Health: Insights, Views & Attitudes (VIVA): results from an international survey. Climacteric 2012;15:36–44
  • Ettinger B, Hait H, Reape KZ, Shu H. Measuring symptom relief in studies of vaginal and vulvar atrophy: the most bothersome symptom approach. Menopause 2008;15:885–9
  • Oge T, Hassa H, Aydin Y, Yalcin OT, Colak E. The relationship between urogenital symptoms and climacteric complaints. Climacteric 2013;16:646–52
  • Lindau ST, Schumm LP, Laumann EO, Levinson W, O’Muircheartaigh CA, Waite LJ. A study of sexuality and health among older adults in the United States. N Engl J Med 2007; 357:762–74
  • Avis NE, Brockwell S, Randolph JF Jr, et al. Longitudinal changes in sexual functioning as women transition through menopause: results from the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation. Menopause 2009;16:442–52
  • Levine KB, Williams RE, Hartmann KE. Vulvovaginal atrophy is strongly associated with female sexual dysfunction among sexually active postmenopausal women. Menopause 2008; 15:661–6
  • Simon JA, Nappi RE, Kingsberg SA, Maamari R, Brown V. Clarifying Vaginal Atrophy's Impact on Sex and Relationships (CLOSER) survey: emotional and physical impact of vaginal discomfort on North American postmenopausal women and their partners. Menopause 2014;21:137–42
  • Robinson D, Toozs-Hobson P, Cardozo L. The effect of hormones on the lower urinary tract. Menopause Int 2013;19: 155–62
  • Robinson D, Cardozo L. The pathophysiology and management of postmenopausal urogenital oestrogen deficiency. J Br Menopause Soc 2001;7:67–73
  • Sturdee DW, Panay N. Recommendations for the management of postmenopausal vaginal atrophy. Climacteric 2010;13: 509–22
  • Baldassarre M, Giannone FA, Foschini MP, et al. Effects of long-term high dose testosterone administration on vaginal epithelium structure and estrogen receptor-alpha and -beta expression of young women. Int J Impot Res 2013;25:172–7
  • Iosif CS, Bekassy Z. Prevalence of genito-urinary symptoms in the late menopause. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1984;63: 257–60
  • Molander U, Milsom I, Ekelund P, Mellstrom D. An epidemiological study of urinary incontinence and related urogenital symptoms in elderly women. Maturitas 1990;12:51–60
  • Laumann EO, Paik A, Rosen RC. Sexual dysfunction in the United States: prevalence and predictors. JAMA 1999;281: 537–44
  • Constantine GD, Bruyniks N, Princic N, et al. Incidence of genitourinary conditions in women with a diagnosis of vulvar/vaginal atrophy. Curr Med Res Opin 2014;30:143–8
  • Perrotta C, Aznar M, Mejia R, Albert X, Ng CW. Oestrogens for preventing recurrent urinary tract infection in postmenopausal women. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008;(2): CD005131
  • Pinkerton JV. Vaginal impact of menopause-related estrogen deficiency. OBG Management 2010;22(Suppl):S2–7
  • Lüthje P, Hirschberg AL, Brauner A. Estrogenic action on innate defense mechanisms in the urinary tract. Maturitas 2014; 77:32–6
  • Nazarko L. Recurrent urinary tract infection in older women: an evidence-based approach. Br J Community Nurs 2013;18:407–12
  • Kingsberg SA, Wysocki S, Magnus L, Krychman ML. Vulvar and vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women: findings from the REVIVE (REal Women's VIews of Treatment Options for Menopausal Vaginal ChangEs) survey. J Sex Med 2013; 10:1790–9
  • Gott M, Hinchliff S. Barriers to seeking treatment for sexual problems in primary care: a qualitative study with older people. Fam Pract 2003;20:690–5
  • Simon JA, Reape KZ, Wininger S, Halt H. Randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of synthetic conjugated estrogens B for the treatment of vulvovaginal atrophy in healthy postmenopausal women. Fertil Steril 2008;90:1132–8

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.