290
Views
15
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Exogenous ochronosis – successful outcome after treatment with Q-switched Nd:YAG laser

Pages 274-278 | Received 11 Jun 2012, Accepted 03 Dec 2012, Published online: 06 Mar 2013

References

  • Zawar VP, Mhaskar ST. Exogenous ochronosis following hydroquinone for melasma. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2004;3: 234–236.
  • Westerhof W, Kooyers TJ. Hydroquinone and its analogues in dermatology – a potential health risk. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2005;4:55–59.
  • Zawar V, Tan SK. Exogenous ochronosis – a review for clinicians. Expert Rev Dermatol. 2012;7:171–180.
  • Rausing A, Rosen U. Black cartilage after therapy with levodopa and methyldopa. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1994; 118:531–535.
  • Kaufmann B, Wegmann W. Exogenous ochronosis after l-dopa treatment. Pathologe. 1992;13:164–166.
  • Bruce S, Tschen JA, Chow D. Exogenous ochronosis resulting from quinine injections. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1986;15: 357–361.
  • Thomas AE, Gisburn MA. Exogenous ochronosis and myxoedema from resorcinol. Br J Dermatol. 1961;73:378–381.
  • Findlay GH, Morrison JG, Simson IW. Exogenous ochronosis and pigmented colloid milium from hydroquinone bleaching creams. Br J Dermatol. 1975;93:613–622.
  • Dogliotti M, Leibowitz M. Granulomatous ochronosis – cosmetic induced skin disorder in blacks. S Afr Med J. 1979;56:757–760.
  • Penneys NS. Ochronosis-like pigmentation from hydroquinone bleaching creams. Arch Dermatol. 1985;121: 1239–1240.
  • Phillips JI, Isaacson C, Carman H. Ochronosis in black South Africans who used skin lighteners. Am J Dermatopathol. 1986;8:14–21.
  • Findlay GH, De Beer HA. Chronic hydroquinone poisoning of the skin from skin-lightening cosmetics. S Afr Med J. 1980;57:187–190.
  • Hardwick N, Van Gelder LW, Van der Merwe CA et al. Exogenous ochronosis: an epidemiological study. Br J Dermatol. 1989;20:229–238.
  • Hoshaw RA, Zimmerman KG, Menter A. Ochronosis like pigmentation from hydroquinone bleaching creams in American blacks. Arch Dermatol. 1985;121:105–108.
  • Mahé A, Ly F, Aymard G et al. Skin diseases associated with the cosmetic use of bleaching products in women from Dakar, Senegal. Br J Dermatol. 2003;148:493–500.
  • Petit A, Cohen-Ludman C, Clevenbergh P et al. Skin lightening and its complications among African people living in Paris. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;55:873–878.
  • Burke PA, Maibach H. Exogenous ochronosis: an overview. J Dermatol Treat. 1997;8:21–26.
  • Kullavanijaya P, Ophaswongse S, Silprachawong S. Exogenous ochronosis and pigmented colloid milium induced by bleaching skin cream. Environ Dermatol. 1998;5:20–25.
  • Tan SK, Goh CL, Sim CS. Hydroquinone-induced exogenous ochronosis in Chinese – two case reports and a review. Int J Dermatol. 2008;47:639–640.
  • Tan SK. Exogenous ochronosis – a diagnostic challenge. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2010;9:313–317.
  • Tan SK. Exogenous ochronosis in ethnic Chinese Asians: a clinico-pathological study, diagnosis and treatment. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2010;25:842–850.
  • Phillips JI, Isaacson C, Carman H. Ochronosis in black South Africans who used skin lighteners. Am J Dermatopathol. 1986;8:14–21.
  • Diven DG, Smith EB, Pupo RA, Lee M. Hydroquinone- induced localized exogenous ochronosis treated with dermabrasion and CO2 laser. J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1990; 16:1018–1022.
  • Lang PG Jr. Probable coexisting exogenous ochronosis and mercurial pigmentation managed by dermabrasion. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1988;19:942–946.
  • Kramer KE, Lopez A, Stefanato CM, Phillips TJ. Exogenous ochronosis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2000;4:869–871.
  • Bellew SG, Alster TS. Treatment of exogenous ochronosis with a Q-switched alexandrite (755 nm) laser. Dermatol Surg. 2004;1:555–558.
  • Polnikorn N. Treatment of refractory dermal melasma with the MedLite C6 Q-switched Nd:YAG laser: two case reports. J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2008;10:167–173.
  • Wattanakrai P, Mornchan R, Eimpunth S. Low-fluence Q-switched neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (1,064 nm) laser for the treatment of facial melasma in Asians. Dermatol Surg. 2010;36:76–87.
  • Jeong SY, Chang SE, Shin JB, Park HN, Choi JH, Kim IH. New melasma treatment by collimated low fluence Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. Korean J Dermatol. 2008;46:1163–1170.
  • Lee WJ, Han SS, Chang SE et al. Q-switched Nd:YAG laser therapy of acquired bilateral nevus of Ot-like macules. Ann Dermatol. 2009;21:255–259.
  • Suh DH, Han KH, Chung JH. Clinical use of the Q-switched Nd:YAG laser for the treatment of acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules (ABNOMs) in Koreans. J Dermatol Treatment. 2001;12:163–166.
  • Lee B, Kim YC, Kang WH, Lee ES. Comparison of Characteristics of Acquired Bilateral Nevus of Ota-like Macules and Nevus of Ota According to Therapeutic Outcome. J Korean Med Sci. 2004;19:554–559.
  • Cho SB, Park SJ, Kim MJ, Su TS. Treatment of acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules (Hori's nevus) using 1064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser with low fluence. Int J Dermatol. 2009;48:1308–1312.
  • Mun JY, Jeong SY, Kim JH, Han SS, Kim I-H. A low fluence Q-switched Nd:YAG laser modifies the 3D structure of melanocyte and ultrastructure of melanosome by subcellular-selective photothermolysis. J Elect Microscopy. 2011;60: 11–18.
  • Kim JH, Kim H, Park HC, Kim I-H. Subcellular Selective Photothermolysis of Melanosomes in Adult Zebrafish Skin Following 1064-nm Q-Switched Nd:YAG Laser Irradiation. J Invest Dermatol. 2010;130:2333–2335.
  • Kim MJ, Kim JS, Cho SB. Punctate leucoderma after melasma treatment using 1064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser with low pulse energy. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2009;23: 960–962.
  • Cho SB, Kim JS, Kim MJ. Melasma treatment in Korean women using a 1064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser with low pulse energy. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2009;34: e847–;e850.
  • Chan NPY, Ho SG, Shek SYN, Yeung CK, Chan HH. A case series of facial depigmentation associated with low fluence Q-switched 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser for skin rejuvenation and melasma. Lasers Surg Med. 2010;42:712–719.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.