Amniotic fluid soluble Toll-like receptor 2 in pregnancies complicated by preterm prelabor rupture of membranes

References

• Kacerovsky M, Musilova I, Khatibi A, Skogstrand K, Hougaard DM, Tambor V, Tosner J, Jacobsson B. Intraamniotic inflammatory response to bacteria: analysis of multiple amniotic fluid proteins in women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2012;25:2014–2019.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mercer BM. Preterm premature rupture of the membranes. Obstet Gynecol 2003;101:178–193.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldenberg RL, Hauth JC, Andrews WW. Intrauterine infection and preterm delivery. N Engl J Med 2000;342:1500–1507.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobsson B, Mattsby-Baltzer I, Andersch B, Bokström H, Holst RM, Nikolaitchouk N, Wennerholm UB, Hagberg H. Microbial invasion and cytokine response in amniotic fluid in a Swedish population of women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2003;82:423–431.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romero R, Quintero R, Oyarzun E, Wu YK, Sabo V, Mazor M, Hobbins JC. Intraamniotic infection and the onset of labor in preterm premature rupture of the membranes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1988;159:661–666.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menon R, Taylor RN, Fortunato SJ. Chorioamnionitis–a complex pathophysiologic syndrome. Placenta 2010;31:113–120.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erridge C. Endogenous ligands of TLR2 and TLR4: agonists or assistants? J Leukoc Biol 2010;87:989–999.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oliveira-Nascimento L, Massari P, Wetzler LM. The role of TLR2 in infection and immunity. Front Immunol 2012;3:79.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawai T, Akira S. The roles of TLRs, RLRs and NLRs in pathogen recognition. Int Immunol 2009;21:317–337.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raby AC, Le Bouder E, Colmont C, Davies J, Richards P, Coles B, George CH, et al. Soluble TLR2 reduces inflammation without compromising bacterial clearance by disrupting TLR2 triggering. J Immunol 2009;183:506–517.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaisho T, Akira S. Toll-like receptor function and signaling. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006;117:979–87; quiz 988.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gay NJ, Gangloff M. Structure and function of Toll receptors and their ligands. Annu Rev Biochem 2007;76:141–165.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beutler BA. TLRs and innate immunity. Blood 2009;113:1399–1407.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zähringer U, Lindner B, Inamura S, Heine H, Alexander C. TLR2 - promiscuous or specific? A critical re-evaluation of a receptor expressing apparent broad specificity. Immunobiology 2008;213:205–224.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liew FY, Xu D, Brint EK, O’Neill LA. Negative regulation of Toll-like receptor-mediated immune responses. Nat Rev Immunol 2005;5:446–458.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuroishi T, Tanaka Y, Sakai A, Sugawara Y, Komine K, Sugawara S. Human parotid saliva contains soluble Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and modulates TLR2-mediated interleukin-8 production by monocytic cells. Mol Immunol 2007;44:1969–1976.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Neill LA. When signaling pathways collide: positive and negative regulation of Toll-like receptor signal transduction. Immunity 2008;29:12–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LeBouder E, Rey-Nores JE, Rushmere NK, Grigorov M, Lawn SD, Affolter M, Griffin GE, et al. Soluble forms of Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 capable of modulating TLR2 signaling are present in human plasma and breast milk. J Immunol 2003;171:6680–6689.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heggelund L, Flo T, Berg K, Lien E, Mollnes TE, Ueland T, Aukrust P, et al. Soluble Toll-like receptor 2 in HIV infection: association with disease progression. AIDS 2004;18:2437–2439.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ueland T, Espevik T, Kjekshus J, Gullestad L, Omland T, Squire IB, Frøland SS, et al. Mannose binding lectin and soluble Toll-like receptor 2 in heart failure following acute myocardial infarction. J Card Fail 2006;12:659–663.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srinivasan M, Kodumudi KN, Zunt SL. Soluble CD14 and Toll-like receptor-2 are potential salivary biomarkers for oral lichen planus and burning mouth syndrome. Clin Immunol 2008;126:31–37.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang HB, Xie KQ, Deng JM, Qin SM. Expression of soluble Toll-like receptors in pleural effusions. Chin Med J 2010;123:2225–2230.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dulay AT, Buhimschi CS, Zhao G, Oliver EA, Mbele A, Jing S, Buhimschi IA. Soluble TLR2 is present in human amniotic fluid and modulates the intraamniotic inflammatory response to infection. J Immunol 2009;182:7244–7253.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kacerovsky M, Andrys C, Drahosova M, Musilova I, Hornychova H, Lesko D, Tosner J, Jacobsson B. Soluble Toll-like receptor 1 family members in the amniotic fluid of women with preterm prelabor rupture of the membranes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2012;25:1699–1704.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The Czech Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Clinical Guidelines in Obstetrics; 2007. Available at: http://www.perinatologie.cz/dokumenty/
   Google Scholar
• Kacerovsky M, Pliskova L, Bolehovska R, Musilova I, Hornychova H, Tambor V, Jacobsson B. The microbial load with genital mycoplasmas correlates with the degree of histologic chorioamnionitis in preterm PROM. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2011;205:213.e1–213.e7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salafia CM, Weigl C, Silberman L. The prevalence and distribution of acute placental inflammation in uncomplicated term pregnancies. Obstet Gynecol 1989;73:383–389.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayati AR, Mohamed AE, Tan GC. An immunohistochemical study of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in placenta with and without infection. Malays J Pathol 2010;32:13–19.
   Google Scholar
• Kacerovsky M, Pliskova L, Bolehovska R, Skogstrand K, Hougaard DM, Tsiartas P, Jacobsson B. The impact of the microbial load of genital mycoplasmas and gestational age on the intensity of intraamniotic inflammation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2012;206:342.e1–342.e8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim YM, Romero R, Chaiworapongsa T, Kim GJ, Kim MR, Kuivaniemi H, Tromp G, et al. Toll-like receptor-2 and -4 in the chorioamniotic membranes in spontaneous labor at term and in preterm parturition that are associated with chorioamnionitis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004;191:1346–1355.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rindsjö E, Holmlund U, Sverremark-Ekström E, Papadogiannakis N, Scheynius A. Toll-like receptor-2 expression in normal and pathologic human placenta. Hum Pathol 2007;38:468–473.
   Google Scholar
• Roberts DJ, Celi AC, Riley LE, Onderdonk AB, Boyd TK, Johnson LC, Lieberman E. Acute histologic chorioamnionitis at term: nearly always noninfectious. PLoS ONE 2012;7:e31819.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Onderdonk AB, Delaney ML, DuBois AM, Allred EN, Leviton A; Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborns (ELGAN) Study Investigators. Detection of bacteria in placental tissues obtained from extremely low gestational age neonates. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008;198:110.e1–110.e7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lau J, Magee F, Qiu Z, Houbé J, Von Dadelszen P, Lee SK. Chorioamnionitis with a fetal inflammatory response is associated with higher neonatal mortality, morbidity, and resource use than chorioamnionitis displaying a maternal inflammatory response only. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2005;193:708–713.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoon BH, Romero R, Park JS, Kim M, Oh SY, Kim CJ, Jun JK. The relationship among inflammatory lesions of the umbilical cord (funisitis), umbilical cord plasma interleukin 6 concentration, amniotic fluid infection, and neonatal sepsis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000;183:1124–1129.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basu S, Fenton MJ. Toll-like receptors: function and roles in lung disease. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2004;286:L887–L892.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaudhuri N, Whyte MK, Sabroe I. Reducing the Toll of inflammatory lung disease. Chest 2007;131:1550–1556.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raymond T, Schaller M, Hogaboam CM, Lukacs NW, Rochford R, Kunkel SL. Toll-like receptors, Notch ligands, and cytokines drive the chronicity of lung inflammation. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2007;4:635–641.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fusunyan RD, Nanthakumar NN, Baldeon ME, Walker WA. Evidence for an innate immune response in the immature human intestine: Toll-like receptors on fetal enterocytes. Pediatr Res 2001;49:589–593.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petrikin JE, Gaedigk R, Leeder JS, Truog WE. Selective Toll–like receptor expression in human fetal lung. Pediatr Res 2010;68:335–338.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Been JV, Zimmermann LJ. Histological chorioamnionitis and respiratory outcome in preterm infants. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2009;94:F218–F225.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar