Effect of long-term exposure of 2.4 GHz radiofrequency radiation emitted from Wi-Fi equipment on testes functions

References

• Agarwal, A., Singh, A., Hamada, A., et al. (2011). Cell phones and male infertility: A review of recent innovations in technology and consequences. Int. Braz. J. Urol. 37:432–454
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aissa, A., Billaudel, S., Gannes, B., et al. (2012). In utero and early-life exposure of rats to a Wi-Fi signal: Screening of immune markers in sera and gestational outcome. Bioelectromagnetics. 33:410–420
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akdag, Z., Celik, M. S., Ketani, M. A., et al. (1999). The effect of chronic low-intensitiy microwave radiation on sperm count, sperm morphology, testicular and epididymal tissues of rats. Electro. Magnetobiol. 18:133–145
   Google Scholar
• Avendano, C., Mata, A., Sanchez Sarmiento, C. A., et al. (2012). Use of laptop computers connected to internet through Wi-Fi decreases human sperm motility and increases sperm DNA fragmentation. Fertil. Steril. 97:39–45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atasoy, H. I., Gunal, M. Y., Atasoy, P., et al. (2013). Immunohistopathologic demonstration of deleterious effects on growing rat testes of radiofrequency waves emitted from conventional Wi-Fi devices. J. Pediatr. Urol. 9:223–229
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ayrapetyan, G., Hayrapetyan, H., Dadasyan, E., et al. (2009). The non thermal effect of weak intensity millimeter waves on physicochemical properties of water and water solutions. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 28:331–341
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ayrapetyan, S., Heqimyan, A., Deghoyan, A. (2013). Cell dehydration as a mechanism of ketamine analgesic and anesthetic effects. J. Bioequiv. Availab. 5:136–141
   Google Scholar
• Ayrapetyan, S. N., Suleymanyan, M. A., Sagian, A. A., Dadalyan, S. S. (1984). Autoregulation of electrogenic sodium pump. Cell. Mol. Neurobiol. 4:367–384
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BioInitiative Report. (2012). Section 1; Summary for the public (2012 Supplement). In: Cindy, S. and Carpenter, D. O., eds. A rationale for biologically-based public exposure standards for electromagnetic radiation. Santa Barbara, CA: BioInitiative Working Group USA. pp. 1--26. Available from: www.bioinitiative.org
   Google Scholar
• Çelik, S., Aridogan, I. A., Izol, V., et al. (2012). An evaluation of the effects of long-term cell phone use on the testes via light and electron microscope analysis. Urology. 79:346–350
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dasdag, S., Ketani, M. A., Akdag, Z., et al. (1999a). Whole-body microwave exposure emitted by cellular phones and testicular function of rats. Urol. Res. 27:219–223
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dasdag, S., Balci, K., Kaya, H., et al. (1999b). Hormone levels of people occupationally exposed to radiofrequencies. Biochem. Arch. 15:255–260
   Google Scholar
• Dasdag, S., Akdag, M. Z., Aksen, F., et al. (2003). Whole body exposure of rats to microwaves emitted from a cell phone does not affect the testes. Bioelectromagnetics. 24:182–188
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dasdag, S., Akdag, M. Z., Aksen, F., et al. (2004). Does 900 MHZ GSM mobile phone exposure affect rat brain? Electromagn. Biol. Med. 23: 201–214
   Google Scholar
• Dasdag, S., Akdag, M. Z., Ulukaya, E., et al. (2008). Mobil phone exposure does not induce apoptosis on spermatogenesis in rats. Arch. Med. Res. 39:40–44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dasdag, S., Akdag, M. Z., Ulukaya, E., et al. (2009). Effect of mobile phone exposure on apoptotic glial cells and status of oxidative stress in rat brain. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 28:342–354
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dasdag, S., Akdag, M. Z., Kizil, G., et al. (2012). Effect of 900 MHz radio frequency radiation on Beta amyloid protein, protein carbonyl, and malondialdehyde in the brain. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 31:67–74
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Gannes, F. P., Haro, E., Hurtier, A., et al. (2012). Effect of in utero Wi-Fi exposure on the pre- and postnatal development of rats. Birth Defects Res. B Dev. Reprod. Toxicol. 95:130–136
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deghoyan, A., Heqimyan, A., Nikoghosyan, A., et al. (2012). Cell bathing medium as a target for non thermal effect of millimeter waves. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 31:132–142
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hardel, L., Nasman, A., Pahlson, A., et al. (1999). Use of cellular telephones and the risk for brain tumours: A case-control study. Int. J. Oncol. 1:113–116
   Google Scholar
• Haussinger, D. (1996). The role of cellular hydration in the regulation of cell function. Biochem. J. 313:697–710
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffmann, E. K., Lambert, I. H., Pedersen, S. F. (2009). Physiology of cell volume regulation in vertebrates. Physiol. Rev. 89:193–277
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnsen, S. G. (1970). Testicular biopsy score count – A method for registration of spermatogenesis in human testes: Normal values and results in 335 hypogonadal males. Hormones 1:2–25
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Khalid, M., Mee, T., Peyman, A., et al. (2011). Duty factors of Wi-Fi devices operating in schools. Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol. 107: 412–420
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, H. J., Jin, Y. B., Kim, T. H., et al. (2012). The effects of simultaneous combined exposure to CDMA and WCDMA electromagnetic fields on rat testicular function. Bioelectromagnetics. 33:356–364
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nisbet, H. O., Nisbet, C., Akar, A., et al. (2012). Effects of exposure to electromagnetic field (1.8/0.9 GHz) on testicular function and structure in growing rats. Res. Vet. Sci. 93:1001–1005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saygin, M., Caliskan, S., Karahan, N., et al. (2011). Testicular apoptosis and histopathological changes induced by a 2.45 GHz electromagnetic field. Toxicol. Ind. Health 27:455–463
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson, R. (2011). Radiation fears prompt possible restrictions on Wi-Fi and mobile phone use in schools. Br. Med. J. 342: d3428. doi: 10.1136/bmj.d3428
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar